Three clinical cases of Feline leukemia associated with aregenerative anemia, breast carcinoma, or peritonitis

ABSTRACT: Feline viral leukemia (ViLeF) is a pathology commonly associated with other illnesses. We present three cases of cats with ViLeF who also exhibited other pathologies. The cause and effect relationship between leukemia and the associated pathologies is not understood. The first animal also suffered from aregenerative anemia. The second cat had breast carcinoma, and the third one had peritonitis. Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and evolution of the patients are fully described. With this report we suggest that veterinarians consider ViLeF as a possible cause for these pathologies. More studies are needed to establish the relationship between ViLeF and other pathologies for therapeutic interventions.RESUMEN: La leucemia viral felina (ViLeF) es una patología, que se asocia con la presentación de varias enfermedades; el artículo presenta tres casos de pacientes cada uno con patologías diferentes que a su vez fueron positivos a ViLeF; no se descarta que esta enfermedad esté relacionada o sea la causa delas tres patologías, en el primer caso se encontró una anemia arregenerativa, en el otro, un carcinoma mamario y en el último, un proceso compatible con una peritonitis felina. Se describen la sintomatología, los procedimientos diagnósticos, el tratamiento instaurado y la evolución clínica. Con este reporte se pretende que los médicos veterinarios consideren dentro de sus diagnósticos diferenciales a ViLeF como factor causante de muchas otras patologías; también se quiere hacer un llamado de atención para que se realicen estudios sobre la prevalencia de esta enfermedad en nuestro medio, para así implementar medidas sanitarias que eviten su proliferación

Reporte de caso: Cambios cinemáticos post retiro de sarcoma del miembro anterior en un canino

Gait kinematic analysis is used to quantify the biomechanical parameters integrated in the movement of a body. The case of a female canine patient with a large soft tissue sarcoma located in the elbow region and involving muscular structures is presented. The conventional treatment of this type of tumour includes amputation of the limb, but after evaluating the case supported by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it was decided to remove the mass including part of the biceps and triceps muscles. Given the lack of information on this type of treatment in preserving limb functionality, a kinematic analysis of the gait before and after the procedure was performed to quantify the real changes generated.El análisis cinemático de la marcha se utiliza con el fin de cuantificar los parámetros biomecánicos integrados en el movimiento de un cuerpo. Se expone el caso de una perra que presentaba un sarcoma de tejidos blandos de gran tamaño ubicado en la región del codo y que involucraba estructuras musculares. El tratamiento convencional de este tipo de tumores comprende la amputación del miembro, pero luego de evaluar el caso apoyado con una resonancia magnética se decidió retirar la masa incluyendo parte del músculo bíceps y tríceps. Ante la falta de información sobre este tipo de tratamiento en la conservación de la funcionalidad del miembro, se realizó un análisis cinemático de la marcha antes y después del procedimiento para cuantificar los cambios reales generados

Isolation of Aspergillus spp. from the respiratory tract in critically ill patients: risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome

INTRODUCTION: Our aims were to assess risk factors, clinical features, management and outcomes in critically ill patients in whom Aspergillus spp. were isolated from respiratory secretions, using a database from a study designed to assess fungal infections. METHODS: A multicentre prospective study was conducted over a 9-month period in 73 intensive care units (ICUs) and included patients with an ICU stay longer than 7 days. Tracheal aspirate and urine samples, and oropharyngeal and gastric swabs were collected and cultured each week. On admission to the ICU and at the initiation of antifungal therapy, the severity of illness was evaluated using the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score. Retrospectively, isolation of Aspergillus spp. was considered to reflect colonization if the patient did not fulfil criteria for pneumonia, and infection if the patient met criteria for pulmonary infection and if the clinician in charge considered the isolation to be clinically valuable. Risk factors, antifungal use and duration of therapy were noted. RESULTS: Out of a total of 1756 patients, Aspergillus spp. were recovered in 36. Treatment with steroids (odds ratio = 4.5) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (odds ratio = 2.9) were significantly associated with Aspergillus spp. isolation in multivariate analysis. In 14 patients isolation of Aspergillus spp. was interpreted as colonization, in 20 it was interpreted as invasive aspergillosis, and two cases were not classified. The mortality rates were 50% in the colonization group and 80% in the invasive infection group. Autopsy was performed in five patients with clinically suspected infection and confirmed the diagnosis in all of these cases. CONCLUSION: In critically ill patients, treatment should be considered if features of pulmonary infection are present and Aspergillus spp. are isolated from respiratory secretions

A Multiple Stakeholder Multicriteria Decision Analysis in Diabetic Macular Edema Management: The MULTIDEX‑EMD Study

Background The clinical and economic management of retinal diseases has become more complex following the introduction of new intravitreal treatments. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) offers the potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional decision-making tools. Objectives A MCDA to determine the most relevant criteria to decision-making in the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the perspectives of multiple stakeholders in Spain was developed. This MCDA was termed the MULTIDEX-EMD study. Methods Nineteen stakeholders (7 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 5 health authorities and health management experts, 1 psychologist, and 2 patient representatives) participated in this three-phase project. In phase A, an advisory board defined all of the criteria that could influence DME treatment decision-making. These criteria were then screened using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) (phase B). Next, a multinomial logit model was fitted by applying the backward elimination algorithm (relevant criteria: p value = 15 letters (p value < 0.001), effect duration per administration (p value = 0.008), retinal detachment (p value < 0.001), endophthalmitis (p value = 0.012), myocardial infarction (p value < 0.001), intravitreal hemorrhage (p value = 0.021), annual treatment cost per patient (p value = 0.001), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (p value = 0.004), and disability level (p value = 0.021). Conclusions From a multi-stakeholder perspective, the selection of an appropriate treatment for DME patients should guarantee patient safety and maximize the visual acuity improvement and treatment effect duration. It should also contribute to system sustainability by being affordable, it should have a positive impact on HRQoL, and it should prevent disability

Dataset of the sperm proteome of stallions with different motility

This paper provides a detailed set of data on how the stal-lion sperm proteome differs among stallions with different sperm motilities, although within normal ranges. Findings distinguish proteins that may help to identify stallions of su-perior sperm motility. Sperm proteins were analyzed using a UHPLC/MS/MS system comprising of an Agilent 1290 in-finity series UHPLC coupled to an Agilent 6550 Q-TOF mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). These data can be used to disclose potential targets to iden-tify good sperm samples and to study specific pathways in-volved in the regulation of sperm motility. This data article is linked to the paper "Proteins involved in mitochondrial metabolic functions and fertilization predominate in stallions with better motility Journal of Proteomics 247:104335 doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104335".(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

A system dynamics model to predict the human monocyte response to endotoxins

System dynamics is a powerful tool that allows modeling of complex and highly networked systems such as those found in the human immune system. We have developed a model that reproduces how the exposure of human monocytes to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) induces an inflammatory state characterized by high production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), which is rapidly modulated to enter into a tolerant state, known as endotoxin tolerance (ET). The model contains two subsystems with a total of six states, seven flows, two auxiliary variables, and 14 parameters that interact through six differential and nine algebraic equations. The parameters were estimated and optimized to obtain a model that fits the experimental data obtained from human monocytes treated with various LPS doses. In contrast to publications on other animal models, stimulation of human monocytes with super-low-dose LPSs did not alter the response to a second LPSs challenge, neither inducing ET, nor enhancing the inflammatory response. Moreover, the model confirms the low production of TNFα and increased levels of C-C motif ligand 2 when monocytes exhibit a tolerant state similar to that of patients with sepsis. At present, the model can help us better understand the ET response and might offer new insights on sepsis diagnostics and prognosis by examining the monocyte response to endotoxins in patients with sepsisThis work was supported by grants from the “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (ISCiii), “Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria” (FIS), and Fondos FEDER (PI14/01234, PIE15/00065) to EL-C. EA work contract is supported by the Torres Quevedo program from “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” (SPTQ1300X006175XV0). VT work contract is supported by the “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” (PTA2013-8265-I

Pandêmon Nosêma. Una revisión historiográfica de cómo las sociedades respondieron ante las epidemias a lo largo de la historia

A historiographic review of the main epidemic episodes suffered by humanity from Prehistory to the 20th century is carried out, with the aim of analyzing the incidence that successive infectious-contagious diseases had in different societies at each time, regarding four study variables: social, economic, political and mentalities.&nbsp; Keywords Disease, population, poverty, crisis, social stigma, manipulation.Se realiza una revisión historiográfica de los principales episodios epidémicos sufridos por la humanidad desde la Prehistoria hasta el siglo XX, con el propósito de analizar la incidencia que han tenido las sucesivas enfermedades infecto-contagiosas en las diferentes sociedades en cada época, atendiendo a cuatro variables de estudio: la social, la económica, la política y la esfera de las mentalidades. Palabras clave Enfermedad, población, pobreza, crisis, estigmatización, manipulación

Pandêmon Nosêma. Una revisión historiográfica de cómo las sociedades respondieron ante las epidemias a lo largo de la historia

A historiographic review of the main epidemic episodes suffered by humanity from Prehistory to the 20th century is carried out, with the aim of analyzing the incidence that successive infectious-contagious diseases had in different societies at each time, regarding four study variables: social, economic, political and mentalities.&nbsp; Keywords Disease, population, poverty, crisis, social stigma, manipulation.Se realiza una revisión historiográfica de los principales episodios epidémicos sufridos por la humanidad desde la Prehistoria hasta el siglo XX, con el propósito de analizar la incidencia que han tenido las sucesivas enfermedades infecto-contagiosas en las diferentes sociedades en cada época, atendiendo a cuatro variables de estudio: la social, la económica, la política y la esfera de las mentalidades. Palabras clave Enfermedad, población, pobreza, crisis, estigmatización, manipulación

SEPAR Recommendations for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Respiratory Diseases

La Sociedad Espanola de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) ha elaborado este documento de reco mendaciones sobre la vacuna para la COVID-19 en las enfermedades respiratorias, con el objetivo de ayudar al personal sanitario en la toma de decisiones sobre cómo actuar en la vacunación de estos pacientes. Las recomendaciones han sido elaboradas por un grupo de expertos en la materia, tras la revisión de la literatura recopilada hasta el 7 de marzo del 2021, y de la información aportada por distintas sociedades científicas, agencias del medicamento y estrategias de organismos gubernamentales hasta esa fecha. Podemos concluir que las vacunas para la COVID-19 no solo son seguras y eficaces, sino que, en aquellos pacientes vulnerables con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas, son prioritarias. Además, la implicación activa de los profesionales sanitarios que manejan estas patologías en la estrategia de vacunación es clave para lograr una buena adherencia y coberturas vacunales elevadas.The Spanish Society of Pneumonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) has elaborated this document of recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in patients with respiratory diseases aimed to help healthcare personnel make decisions about how to act in case of COVID-19 vaccination in these patients. The recommendations have been developed by a group of experts in this field after reviewing the materials published up to March 7, 2021, the information provided by different scientific societies, drug agencies and the strategies of the governmental bodies up to this date. We can conclude that COVID-19 vaccines are not only safe and effective, but also prior in vulnerable patients with chronic respiratory diseases. In addition, an active involvement of healthcare professionals, who manage these diseases, in the vaccination strategy is the key to achieve good adherence and high vaccination coverage

A multiple stakeholder multicriteria decision analysis in diabetic macular edema management: the MULTIDEX‑EMD study

Background The clinical and economic management of retinal diseases has become more complex following the introduction of new intravitreal treatments. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) ofers the potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional decision-making tools. Objectives A MCDA to determine the most relevant criteria to decision-making in the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the perspectives of multiple stakeholders in Spain was developed. This MCDA was termed the MULTIDEX-EMD study. Methods Nineteen stakeholders (7 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 5 health authorities and health management experts, 1 psychologist, and 2 patient representatives) participated in this three-phase project. In phase A, an advisory board defned all of the criteria that could infuence DME treatment decision-making. These criteria were then screened using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) (phase B). Next, a multinomial logit model was ftted by applying the backward elimination algorithm (relevant criteria: p value<0.05). Finally, the results were discussed in a deliberative process (phase C). Results Thirty-one criteria were initially defned (phase A) and grouped into 5 categories: efcacy/efectiveness, safety, organizational and economic impact, patient-reported outcomes, and other therapeutic features. The DCE results (phase B) showed that 10 criteria were relevant to the decision-making process for a 50- to 65-year-old DME patient: mean change in best corrected visual acuity (p value<0.001), percentage of patients with an improvement of ≥15 letters (p value<0.001), efect duration per administration (p value=0.008), retinal detachment (p value<0.001), endophthalmitis (p value=0.012), myocardial infarction (p value<0.001), intravitreal hemorrhage (p value=0.021), annual treatment cost per patient (p value=0.001), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (p value=0.004), and disability level (p value=0.021). Conclusions From a multi-stakeholder perspective, the selection of an appropriate treatment for DME patients should guarantee patient safety and maximize the visual acuity improvement and treatment efect duration. It should also contribute to system sustainability by being afordable, it should have a positive impact on HRQoL, and it should prevent disability