Efecto del procesamiento sobre las propiedades antioxidantes de dos tipos comerciales de cacahuete cultivados en México

The effect of roasting, frying, microwave heating, and germination on the antioxidant properties, total phenolics and flavonoids content of two types of peanuts (Valencia and Virginia) grown in Mexico was investigated. The thermal treatments affected the phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity of the two varieties of peanuts differently (by ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and iron chelating activity methods). Germination was the best method to increase the antioxidant activity (up to 157% increase in the Virginia variety) and the contents of compounds with nutraceutical potential in the peanuts (up to 59% increase in total phenolics in the Valencia variety and 700% increase in total flavonoids in the Virginia variety). Germinated peanuts could be used as raw material for the production of functional foods.Se investigó el efecto del tostado, fritura, tostado en microondas y la germinación, sobre las propiedades antioxidantes, el contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales y flavonoides de dos tipos de cacahuete cultivados en México. Los tratamientos térmicos afectaron de forma diferente al contenido de fenólicos y la capacidad antioxidante de las dos variedades de cacahuete (por los métodos de ABTS, DPPH, FRAP y actividad quelante de hierro). La germinación fue el mejor método para aumentar la actividad antioxidante (hasta en 157% en la variedad Virginia) y el contenido de compuestos con potencial nutracéutico de los cacahuates (hasta en 59% de aumento en los fenólicos totales de la variedad Valencia y 700% de aumento en los flavonoides totales de la variedad Virginia). Los cacahuetes germinados podrían usarse como materia prima para la producción de alimentos funcionales

Gestión clínica de la consulta: previsibilidad y contenido clínico (estudio SyN-PC)

ObjetivoDescribir la actividad asistencial en función de la naturaleza de la consulta (previsibilidad) y las necesidades de los pacientes (contenido clínico). Analizar la relación con las características de la consulta, del paciente y del centroDiseñoEstudio observacional descriptivo multicéntricoEmplazamientoAtención primaria. Área 17 de la Conselleria de Sanidad de la Comunidad Valenciana. Población de 197.316 habitantes. Trece centros de saludParticipantesRecogida de información en tiempo real por un observador externo. Muestreo aleatorio estratificado de 2.051 pacientes que ocasionaron 3.008 motivos de consulta médicaMediciones principalesConsulta previsible (Pr): se puede prever su contenido (revisiones, recogida de resultados). Consulta imprevisible (Ip): no podemos prever su contenido (problemas agudos) y surgen inesperadamente. Engloba la consulta urgente. Consulta administrativa (Ad): tareas burocráticas (recetas, partes de confirmación, certificados). Consulta asistencial (As): prevenir, diagnosticar y tratar la enfermedad, o realizar seguimiento de ésta. Variables del paciente, el centro y la consultaResultadosEl 60% (n=1.809; IC del 95%, 58,69–61,59%) de los motivos fueron previsibles y el 40% (n=1.199; IC del 95%, 36,6–43,12%), imprevisibles. El 50% (n=1.509; IC del 95%, 47,26–53,06%) fueron consultas asistenciales y el 50% (n=1.499; IC del 95%, 46,34–53,39%), administrativas. El 40% (n=1.189; IC del 95%, 37,78–41,28%) fueron previsibles-administrativas y tan sólo un 21% (n=620; IC del 95%, 19,16– 22,06%) resultaron de carácter previsible-asistencial. El 30% (n=889; IC del 95%, 27,92–31,18%) fueron de carácter imprevisible–asistencial y el 10% (n=310; IC del 95%, 9,22– 11,4%), imprevisibles-administrativas. En los pacientes con un único motivo, el 48% (n=577; IC del 95%, 44,25–52,05%) fueron consultas previsibles-administrativas. Los centros docentes o informatizados tienen menos carga de consultas previsibles-administrativas. Éstas aumentan con la edad del paciente y con la presión asistencialConclusionesCasi un 40% de los motivos de consulta son previsibles-administrativos, lo que implica una gestión clínica inadecuada. Sería necesaria una intervención que permitiera liberar tiempo médico consumido en asuntos burocráticos para dedicarlo a la tarea asistencial propiamente dichaObjectivesTo describe care activity as a function of the nature of the consultation (predictability) and the needs of the patients (clinical content). To analyse the relationship of these with the characteristics of the consultation, of the patient and of the centreDesignMulti-centre, descriptive, observational study.SettingPrimary care. Area 17 of the Health Department of the Community of Valencia, with 197 316 inhabitants and 12 health centresParticipantsInformation gathering in real time by outside observer. Stratified randomised sampling of 2051 patients who gave rise to 3008 reasons for medical consultationMain measurementsPredictable consultations (Pr): their content can be foreseen (check-ups, picking up results). Unpredictable consultations (Unp): we cannot predict their content (acute problems may arise unexpectedly). These include urgent consultations. Administrative consultations (Ad): bureaucratic tasks (prescriptions, repeat sick-notes, sick certificates). Care consultations (Car): prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the illness, or monitoring of it. Variables here are the patient, the doctor and the consultationResults60% (1809) (95% CI, 58.69%–61.59%) of the reasons were Pr and 40% (1199) (95% CI, 36.6%–43.12%) were Unp. 50% (1509) (95% CI, 47.26%–53.06%) were Car, and 50% Ad (1499) (95% CI, 46.34%–53.39%). 40% (1189) (95% CI, 37.78%–41.28%) were Pr-Ad and only 21% (620) (95% CI, 19.16%–22.06%) were Pr-Car. 30% (889) (95% CI, 27.92%–31.18%) were Unp–Car, and 10% (310) (95% CI, 9.22%– 11.4%) Unp-Ad. 48% of patients with a single reason for attendance were Pr-Ad (577) (95% CI, 44.25%–52.05). Teaching centres and computerised ones had less Pr-Ad load. Pr-Ad consultations increased with patient´s age and with case-load.ConclusionsAlmost 40% of the reasons for consultation are Pr-Ad, which implies inadequate clinical management. An intervention is needed to free up medical time consumed by bureaucratic questions, so that this time can be devoted fully to health-care task

Pathogenesis of hypertension in a mouse model for human CLCN2 related hyperaldosteronism

Human primary aldosteronism (PA) can be caused by mutations in several ion channel genes but mouse models replicating this condition are lacking. We now show that almost all known PA-associated CLCN2 mutations markedly increase ClC-2 chloride currents and generate knock-in mice expressing a constitutively open ClC-2 Cl(−) channel as mouse model for PA. The Clcn2(op) allele strongly increases the chloride conductance of zona glomerulosa cells, provoking a strong depolarization and increasing cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration. Clcn2(op) mice display typical features of human PA, including high serum aldosterone in the presence of low renin activity, marked hypertension and hypokalemia. These symptoms are more pronounced in homozygous Clcn2(op/op) than in heterozygous Clcn2+/op mice. This difference is attributed to the unexpected finding that only ~50 % of Clcn2(+/op) zona glomerulosa cells are depolarized. By reproducing essential features of human PA, Clcn2(op) mice are a valuable model to study the pathological mechanisms underlying this disease

Estudio piloto de validación y adaptación de un cuestionario para evaluar el impacto de la espondiloartritis axial en la sexualidad de los pacientes

Introducción: El Qualisex es un cuestionario desarrollado y validado para evaluar la sexualidad en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea. Hasta el momento, según nuestro conocimiento, no se ha desarrollado un cuestionario que evalúe específicamente la sexualidad en pacientes que padecen Espondiloartritis axial (EsPax). Por este motivo, nuestro objetivo fue validar y adaptar el cuestionario Qualisex en pacientes con EsPax y evaluar el impacto de su enfermedad en la sexualidad

Prevalencia y características de uveítis como manifestación extraarticular en Espondiloartritis Axial

Introducción: la Uveítis Anterior Aguda (UAA) es la manifestación extraarticular más frecuente en la Espondiloartritis axial (EsPax), con una prevalencia global de 32,7%. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de UAA en una cohorte Argentina de pacientes con EsPax, describir sus características clínicas, frecuencia de episodios, respuesta al tratamiento y pronóstico a largo plazo, así como su asociación con características generales de la enfermedad

Epigenetic loss of RNA-methyltransferase NSUN5 in glioma targets ribosomes to drive a stress adaptive translational program

Altres ajuts: This work was supported by the Obra Social "La Caixa" (to M. Esteller).Tumors have aberrant proteomes that often do not match their corresponding transcriptome profiles. One possible cause of this discrepancy is the existence of aberrant RNA modification landscapes in the so-called epitranscriptome. Here, we report that human glioma cells undergo DNA methylation-associated epigenetic silencing of NSUN5, a candidate RNA methyltransferase for 5-methylcytosine. In this setting, NSUN5 exhibits tumor-suppressor characteristics in vivo glioma models. We also found that NSUN5 loss generates an unmethylated status at the C3782 position of 28S rRNA that drives an overall depletion of protein synthesis, and leads to the emergence of an adaptive translational program for survival under conditions of cellular stress. Interestingly, NSUN5 epigenetic inactivation also renders these gliomas sensitive to bioactivatable substrates of the stress-related enzyme NQO1. Most importantly, NSUN5 epigenetic inactivation is a hallmark of glioma patients with long-term survival for this otherwise devastating disease

Antimicrobial potential of LEGUMES extracts against foodborne pathogens: A review

[EN] Background: Alternative protein sources are being investigated in response to increasing consumer demand for innovative and healthy food products of vegetable origin to replace non-sustainable animal exploitation. The Leguminosae family includes a wide variety of plants and nutritious seeds, very rich in protein with a high biological value, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Not only the seeds but also the aerial parts, pods, hulls and roots have proved to be natural sources of antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial compounds. Scope and approach: The present article overviews the antimicrobial potential of the most popular legumes worldwide against foodborne pathogens. Key findings and conclusions: According to the literature reviewed, soybean and chickpea are the two consumed legumes with the highest antimicrobial activity. Long-chain soy peptides (IKAFKEATKVDKVVVLWTA) have a high antimicrobial potential against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at a concentration level of 37.2 ¿M. Also, a wide spectrum of proteins and peptides in raw chickpeas and processed extracts have exerted antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens when applied in the range 8¿64 ¿g/ml. These results open a new research line with good prospects regarding the development of a new generation of natural preservative ingredients and extracts to be included in novel formulated products. However, critical aspects, such as (i) the stability of antimicrobial activity during the shelf-life of newly formulated food products, and (ii) the microbial inactivation kinetics generated in novel matrices, should be covered prior to exploitation of legumes as sources of novel technological ingredients with antimicrobial potential.The present research work has been supported by funds provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) as the HELICOFOOD project, with reference AGL2014-53875-R. The post-doctoral contract of M.C. Pina-Pérez as Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación granted by the MINECO is also acknowledged.Pina Pérez, MC.; Ferrús Pérez, MA. (2018). Antimicrobial potential of LEGUMES extracts against foodborne pathogens: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 72:114-124. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2017.12.007S1141247