SANCTIONS WHICH OCCUR AS A CONSEQUENCE OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF LEGALITY IN THE PENAL TRIAL

The legality principle represents a frame principle since its interaction with the other principles exceeds the simple connection with those. The legality represents the frame within and with the compliance with which all the other fundamental principles of the penal trial are realized. No other principle can be placed outside thelegality, in same way in which any principle, no matter how important it may be, does not occur in any other way than according to the forms stipulated by law.Taking into consideration that the enforcement of the law is mandatory in criminal law procedures, as well as the obvious significance of the penal trial’s principle oflegality, it was absolutely necessary for the compliance with this principle to be doubled by numerous guarantees which, in the situations in which this fundamental rule has been violated, would become genuine sanctions referring not only to the procedural acts achieved with the law’s violation, but also to the people who have not complied with the law as far as the procedural penal activities’ unfolding is concerned

Creating Constraints to Community Resiliency: The Event of a Rural School’s Closure

In this study, a community resilience model is utilized to explore the impacts of a rural school’s closure and its implication on community resiliency in the Village of Limerick, Saskatchewan. The findings from four semi-structured interviews and three focus groups indicate that the school’s closure created a number of constraints that have considerable implications for community resilience. In particular, the school’s closure decreased the residents’ sense of community. In addition, as a result of the school’s closure, the community resident’s experienced diminishing civic engagement in the form of volunteerism, community recreation participation, and intergenerational relationships. This paper demonstrates the challenges of a rural school’s closure on cultivating community resiliency, but also the changes to rural residents’ lives and their communities

Tectonic significance of changes in post-subduction Pliocene-Quaternary magmatism in the south east part of the Carpathian-Pannonian Region

The south-eastern part of the Carpathian–Pannonian region records the cessation of convergence between the European platform/Moesia and the Tisza–Dacia microplate. Plio-Quaternary magmatic activity in this area, in close proximity to the ‘Vrancea zone’, shows a shift from normal calc-alkaline to much more diverse compositions (adakite-like calc-alkaline, K-alkalic, mafic Na-alkalic and ultrapotassic), suggesting a significant change in geodynamic processes at approximately 3 Ma. We review the tectonic setting, timing, petrology and geochemistry of the post-collisional volcanism to constrain the role of orogenic building processes such as subduction or collision on melt production and migration. The calc-alkaline volcanism (5.3–3.9 Ma) marks the end of normal subduction-related magmatism along the post-collisional Călimani–Gurghiu–Harghita volcanic chain in front of the European convergent plate margin. At ca. 3 Ma in South Harghita magma compositions changed to adakite-like calc-alkaline and continued until recent times (< 0.03 Ma) interrupted at 1.6–1.2 Ma by generation of Na and K-alkalic magmas, signifying changes in the source and melting mechanism. We attribute the changes in magma composition in front of the Moesian platform to two main geodynamic events: (1) slab-pull and steepening with opening of a tear window (adakite-like calc-alkaline magmas) and (2) renewed contraction associated with deep mantle processes such as slab steepening during post-collisional times (Na and K-alkalic magmas). Contemporaneous post-collisional volcanism at the eastern edge of the Pannonian Basin at 2.6–1.3 Ma was dominated by Na-alkalic and ultrapotassic magmas, suggesting a close relationship with thermal asthenospheric doming and strain partitioning related to the Adriatic indentation. Similar timing, magma chamber processes and volume for K-alkalic (shoshonitic) magmas in the South Apuseni Mountains (1.6 Ma) and South Harghita area at a distance of ca. 200 km imply a regional connection with the inversion tectonics

Searching audiovisual media with natural language queries

In the modern era, individuals are flooded with information. Developments in storage technology have enabled vast information from sources like entertainment media and historical archives to be preserved cheaply at scale. Consequently, there is a pressing need for approaches that efficiently search through this content. In this thesis, we leverage developments in deep learning and various data sources to advance capabilities of retrieval systems in understanding the interactions between text, audio and video content. We do this through three core contributions. First, we focus on text-video retrieval with natural queries, collecting and benchmarking a high-quality dataset with detailed, well-localised descriptions and corresponding long videos. We showcase the advantages of using multiple experts e.g. object and audio classification models to improve text-video retrieval performance. Second, we propose new benchmarks for semantic text-audio retrieval using free-form text. We employ state-of-the-art multimodal text-video retrieval models for this task and investigate how useful visual support is for finding the correct audio file. Additionally, we propose a large free-form text-audio dataset to aid with training of large text-audio models. Lastly, we investigate if text-audio retrieval models understand temporal ordering of sound events. We then propose a new contrastive loss term to guide the model to focus on temporal cues. Finally, we employ Large Language Models' (LLMs) understanding of the world to leverage large text-video datasets for text-audio understanding. We show that LLMs are capable of proposing plausible descriptions for video soundtracks, starting from the visual-based descriptions of the video content. This is important, as it can be used to scale up current text-audio retrieval datasets

Rebuilding a Sense of Community through Reconnection: The Impact of a Rural School&apos;s Closure on Individuals without School-Aged Children

Through the use of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 22 residents of Limerick, Saskatchewan, in this paper I examine the impact of a rural school&apos;s closure on the lives of residents without school-aged children. The findings show that the school&apos;s closure decreased participants&apos; sense of community and instilled a sense of fear for the community&apos;s future. These feelings resulted in residents without school-aged children utilizing existing and new community institutions and organizations to re-connect residents and to motivate them to work towards their community&apos;s future. This paper makes a novel contribution to the literature by demonstrating the profound effects a rural school&apos;s closure had on a segment of the population that is often marginalized in research pertaining to school closures: residents without school-aged children. Keywords: school closure, rural, sense of community, community organizations, older adult

Étude des systèmes dynamiques à caractéristiques périodiques et des rotors asymétriques

Théorie des systèmes linéaires périodiques -- Systèmes linéaires non autonomes -- Systèms linéaires périodiques -- Méthode de la matrice de transfert -- Évaluation de la matrice de transfert sur une période -- Évaluation de la réponse stationnaire -- Rotors asymétriques -- un modèle simple -- Modèle mathématique -- Équations de mouvement -- Application de la méthode de la matrice de transfert -- Analyse de la stabilité du mouvement par une méthode de pertubation -- Réponse stationnaire par la méthode de balance harmonique -- Rotors asymétriques -- modèle général -- Modèle mathématique -- Cinématique des éléments du rotor -- Équations de mouvement des éléments du rotor -- Système des équations de mouvement -- Programmes informatiques -- Rotor asymétrique -- modèle simple -- Rotor asymétrique -- modèle général

España en la mirada de un estadista liberal rumano: Mihail Kogălniceanu y sus Notes sur l’Espagne (1846-1847)

La historia de las relaciones entre Rumanía y España tiene en los libros de viajes del siglo XIX una importante fuente histórica y literaria. Los escritos de diplomáticos, militares, políticos o literarios han resultado de particular importancia para evitar algunos tópicos y estereotipos existentes en el conocimiento de otros países. Durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX muy pocos viajeros rumanos llegaron a la periferia de Europa, donde se encontraba la península ibérica, y fueron muchos menos los que dejaron algún testimonio escrito de sus viajes. Mihail Kogalniceanu (1817-1891), un estadista liberal rumano, que llegó a ser primer ministro y ministro de Asuntos Exteriores en la década de 1860, tuvo la oportunidad de visitar España entre 1846 y 1847 y dejarnos el testimonio de su mirada en sus Notes sur l’Espagne, contribuyendo al conocimiento de la historia, las tradiciones y la cultura españolas para las élites y la sociedad rumana.The history of relations between Romania and Spain has an important historical and literary source in the travel books of the nineteenth century. The writings by diplomats, servicemen, politicians and writers have been particularly important to avoid certain clichés and stereotypes in the knowledge of other countries. During the first half of the nineteenth century, very few Romanians travelers arrived at the periphery of Europe where the Iberian Peninsula is located and, unfortunately, fewer still left a written testimony of their travels. Mihail Kogalniceanu (1817-1891), a Romanian liberal statesman who became prime minister and foreign minister in the 1860s, had the opportunity to visit Spain between 1846 and 1847 and left us an important and very useful testimony in his Notes sur l’Espagne, contributing to the knowledge of the history, traditions and Spanish culture for the elites of Romania and its people

Natural Resource Exploration and Extraction in Northern Canada: Intersections with Community Cohesion and Social Welfare

This paper examines the role that the search for and removal of non-renewable fossil fuels plays in northern, often Aboriginal, communities in Canada. Such settlements at the social, political, and geographic "periphery" or "frontier" of Canada are often characterized by transient populations and social welfare challenges. While the economic boom brought about by oil and gas development is undeniable, it is unevenly spread. Further, communities that would otherwise be facing sizable challenges now must address even greater and more urgent struggles. These rural and remote settlements have drawn strength from their social cohesion, but presently, the strain is heightened. Insiders may be at odds with outsiders; one generation may be divided against the generation before and after it. Environmental concerns and traditional culture may be displaced by competing interests. In this paper we provide an overview of the existing and proposed extraction of non-renewable natural resources in several parts of northern Canada and examine their economic impact, but also their social impact. In particular, we focus on their ramifications in terms of community cohesion in general and on Aboriginal communities more specifically. Keywords: Canada, north, Aboriginal, community cohesion, social welfare, economic developmen