Tepito a jeho proměna od roku 1960 až do současnosti. Současné podoby kultury chudoby

In this thesis I describe the transformation process of Tepito, the "brave neighbourhood" in Mexico City, from 1960 to the present day. In this microhistory, I intend to explore how the great socio-economic changes, that have occurred in Mexico in the last 60 years, have been reflected locally. I especially focus on the incorporation of the traditional Mexican society into the modern and globalized world; The process of corporatization of the popular sector into the politics of the single party; The transition from the stabilizing development economic model (characterized by the Import substitution industrialization) to neoliberalism; The gradual rupture of the social fabric hastened by the urban planning in the 60s and 70s, the 1985 earthquake and the proliferation of drug trafficking and armed violence; And the beginning of the digital era. I also try to explore the validity of the Culture of Poverty theory which was formulated by the anthropologist Oscar Lewis during his field research in Tepito in the late 50's of the last century and I describe which of the aspects of the theory have changed.Ve své diplomové práci popisuji přeměnu Tepita, neblaze proslulé čtvrti ve městě Mexiku, od roku 1960 po současnost. Cílem této mikrohistorie je zjistit, jak se na lokální úrovni projevily velké socioekonomické změny, které se v Mexiku udály za posledních 60 let. Konkrétně se zaměřuji na začlenění tradiční mexické společnosti do moderního a globalizovaného světa; korporativizaci pracující třídy do politiky jedné strany; přechod z ekonomického modelu stabilizovaného rozvoje (zaměřeného na industrializaci jako náhradu dovozu) na neoliberalismus; postupné narušování sousedských vztahů urychlené urbanistickými plány v 60. a 70. letech, zemětřesením v roce 1985 a rozšířením se obchodu s drogami a ozbrojeného násilí; a počátek digitálního věku. Taktéž se zamýšlím nad platností teorie kultury chudoby, jež byla formulována antropologem Oscarem Lewisem na konci 50. let minulého století během jeho terénního výzkumu ve zmíněné čtvrti, a popisuji, jak se proměnily jednotlivé aspekty této teorie.Středisko ibero-amerických studiíCentre for Ibero-American StudiesFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art

Gabor transform for heart rate variability analysis

Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na problematiku měření variability srdečního rytmu. Variabilita srdečního rytmu (HRV) je oscilace v intervalu mezi po sobě následujícími údery srdce. Může být analyzována několika metodami, ale v této práci byla použita především metoda časová a Gaborova transformace. Byly vyhodnoceny změny v HRV způsobené globální ischemií jak metodou časovou, tak pomocí Gaborovy transformace a zjištěny rozdíly mezi oběma metodami. Metody byly následně vzájemně porovnány. V závěru práce je pak zhodnoceno, která z metod je pro analýzu HRV vhodnější.This bachelor thesis focuses on the problem of measurement of heart rate variability. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an oscillation in the interval between consecutive heartbeats. It can be analysed by several methods, but in this work was used method analysis in time domain and Gabor transform. There were evaluated changes in HRV caused by global ischemia by both methods and reveal differences between the two methods. The methods were compared. In the conclusion was evaluated which method is more suitable for analysis of HRV.

Problematic neighborhoods of Lisbon

Ve své bakalářské práci se zabývám problematickými čtvrtěmi Lisabonu. Popisuji zde jejich vznik, typologii a také problémy, se kterými se potýkají, jako je chudoba, nedostatečné ubytování, nezaměstnanost, nízká úroveň vzdělání, sociální izolace a stigmatizace, rasismus, nejistota, kriminalita a jeden z nejpalčivějších problémů současného Lisabonu, obchod s drogami. Dále se zamýšlím nad účinností zásahu ze strany státu a města. Na příkladu dvou čtvrtí (Quinta do Cabrinha a Cova da Moura) nechvalně proslulých narkoobchodem se snažím o pochopení tohoto problému a zvažuji možnosti jeho řešení, přičemž to ilustruji na životních příbězích typických obyvatel. Tato část práce je založena na terénním výzkumu, který jsem v obou čtvrtích podnikla. Představuji zde koncept kultury jako možného řešení sociálních problémů.In my thesis I deal with problematic neighborhoods of Lisbon. I describe their origin, typology and also kinds of problems they have to cope with, such as poverty, poor housing conditions, unemployment, illiteracy, social isolation and stigmatization, racism, insecurity, criminality and one of the hottest problems of current Lisbon, drug dealing. I also consider the effectiveness of the municipal and governmental intervention. Using the example of two neighborhoods (Quinta do Cabrinha and Cova da Moura) which are infamous for drug dealing I try to understand the origin of this problem and I consider possible ways how to handle it. As an illustration I tell typical inhabitants' life stories. This part of the study is based on fieldwork that I did in both of the neighborhoods. The concept of culture as a possible solution to social problems is introduced.Institute of Romance StudiesÚstav románských studiíFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

Adsorption of an active molecule on the surface of halloysite for controlled release application: Interaction, orientation, consequences

The goal of the study was to check the possible use of halloysite (Hal) nanotubes as a controlled release natural antioxidant device with quercetin as the active component. The mineral was thoroughly characterized by various techniques including the determination of particle and tube morphology, specific surface area, pore size and volume, and surface energy. The high surface energy of Hal predicted strong adsorption of active molecules on its surface and consequently difficult release. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the existence of strong interactions, energetically heterogeneous Hal surface and multilayer coverage at large loadings. FTIR and XRD experiments proved the complete lack of intercalation and showed that below 3.5 wt% quercetin loading, most of the molecules are located within the Hal tubes. Molecular modeling indicated the parallel orientation of quercetin molecules with the surface. Critical concentrations derived from various measurements agreed well with each other further confirming that up to about 4.0 wt% loading, quercetin is bonded very strongly to the Hal surface. As a consequence, the dissolution of active molecules is very difficult or impossible, especially into apolar media; thus, neither stabilization nor controlled release effect can be expected below that concentration

Properties of scaffolds prepared by fused deposition modeling of poly(hydroxyalkanoates)

Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) are biodegradable and biocompatible polymers suitable for tissue engineering. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) belongs to modern rapid prototyping techniques for the fabrication of scaffolds. In this work, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) were tested for FDM. Thermal and rheological properties of industrial PHAs were compared with poly(lactic acid) (PLA), which is a biodegradable polymer commonly used for FDM. The massive decrease in viscosity and loss of molecular weight of PHB and PHBV precluded their use for FDM. On the other hand, the thermal stability of PHBH was comparable to that of PLA. PHBH scaffolds prepared by FDM exhibited excellent mechanical properties, no cytotoxicity and large proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblast cells within 96 h. The hydrolytic degradation of PHBH and PLA scaffolds tested in synthetic gastric juice for 52 days confirmed a faster degradation of PHBH than PLA. The decrease in molecular weight confirmed the first-order kinetics with a slightly higher (0.0169 day−1) degradation rate constant for PHBH as compared to the value (0.0107 day−1) obtained for PLA. These results indicate that PHBH could be used to produce scaffolds by FDM with application in tissue engineering. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.project SoMoPro [6SA18032]; European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-CurieEuropean Union (EU); Czech Science FoundationGrant Agency of the Czech Republic [19-16861S]; Basque GovernmentBasque Government [IT1309-19]; SouthMoravian RegionRegion Auvergne-Rhone-AlpesRegion Bourgogne-Franche-ComteRegion Hauts-de-FranceRegion Nouvelle-Aquitaine [665860

Preparation and properties of novel binary and ternary highly amorphous poly(vinyl alcohol)-based composites with hybrid nanofillers

Smart protective coatings and devices are currently of great interest. In particular, they can absorb or reflect harmful waves of electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this work, novel binary and ternary composites with highly amorphous poly(vinyl alcohol) (HAVOH) as a matrix and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and MXenes as nanofillers were prepared. HAVOH is a recently patented kind of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) that was modified with diol monomers. MXenes are a new type of inorganic two-dimensional (2D) nanoparticle consisting of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides. Three series of composites, HAVOH/SWCNTs, HAVOH/MXenes and HAVOH/SWCNTs/MXenes, were prepared using the solvent casting method. Samples were tested with various methods to study their structure, electrical properties, thermal behavior and EMI-shielding properties. HAVOH/3.0 wt.% SWCNTs/3.0 wt.% MXene specimens revealed a shielding effectiveness of 55 dB, which is 122 times better than that of the neat matrix. These results are promising for the fabrication of films with protective effects against EMI.Drexel University; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA, (777810, APVV 19–0465, VEGA 02/0006/22); European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST, (CA19118)Authors greatly appreciate Prof. Yury Gogotsi and Dr. Christopher Shuck (Drexel University, USA) for providing the MXene paste

Polyethylene Glycol-Modified Poly(Styrene-co-Ethylene/Butylene-co-Styrene)/Carbon Nanotubes Composite for Humidity Sensing

Polymeric composites of the linear triblock copolymer poly(styrene-co-ethylene/butylene-co-styrene) grafted with maleic anhydride units (SEBS-MA) or MA modified by hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) and containing various amounts of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as conducting filler—were prepared by solvent casting. The MWCNT surface was modified by a non-covalent approach with a pyrene-based surfactant to achieve a homogeneous dispersion of the conducting filler within the polymeric matrix. The dispersion of the unmodified and surfactant-modified MWCNTs within the elastomeric SEBS-MA and SEBS-MA-PEG matrices was characterized by studying the morphology by TEM and SAXS. Dynamical mechanical analysis was used to evaluate the interaction between the MWCNTs and copolymer matrix. The electrical conductivity of the prepared composites was measured by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, and the percolation threshold was calculated. The prepared elastomeric composites were characterized and studied as humidity sensor. Our results demonstrated that at MWCNTs concentration slightly above the percolation threshold could result in large signal changes. In our system, good results were obtained for MWCNT loading of 2 wt% and an ~0.1 mm thin composite film. The thickness of the tested elastomeric composites and the source current appear to be very important factors that influence the sensing performance

Electrochemical performance of composite electrodes based on rGO, Mn/Cu metal-organic frameworks, and PANI

Benzendicarboxylic acid (BDC)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely utilized in various applications, including supercapacitor electrode materials. Manganese and copper have solid diamond frames formed with BDC linkers among transition metals chosen for MOF formation. They have shown the possibility to enlarge capacitance at different combinations of MOFs and polyaniline (PANI). Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used as the matrix to fabricate electrochemical double-layer SCs. PANI and Mn/Cu-MOF's effect on the properties of electrode materials was investigated through electrochemical analysis. As a result, the highest specific capacitance of about 276 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g was obtained for rGO/Cu-MOF@PANI composite.M-era.Net 2019 call project "LiBASED Li-ion BAttery-SupErcapacitor Hybrid Device"; Technology Agency of the Czech Republic EPSILON Programme [TH71020006]; Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports of the Czech Republic-DKRVO [RP/CPS/2020/005]; Tomas Bata University in Zli

Structural studies of thermally stable, combustion-resistant polymer composites

Composites of the industrially important polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), were prepared by free-radical polymerization of MMA with varying amounts (1–30 wt. %) of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (Aerosol OT or AOT) surfactant added to the reaction mixture. The composites with AOT incorporated show enhanced resistance to thermal degradation compared to pure PMMA homopolymer, and micro-cone combustion calorimetry measurements also show that the composites are combustion-resistant. The physical properties of the polymers, particularly at low concentrations of surfactant, are not significantly modified by the incorporation of AOT, whereas the degradation is modified considerably for even the smallest concentration of AOT (1 wt. %). Structural analyses over very different lengthscales were performed. X-ray scattering was used to determine nm-scale structure, and scanning electron microscopy was used to determine μm-scale structure. Two self-assembled species were observed: large phase-separated regions of AOT using electron microscopy and regions of hexagonally packed rods of AOT using X-ray scattering. Therefore, the combustion resistance is observed whenever AOT self-assembles. These results demonstrate a promising method of physically incorporating a small organic molecule to obtain a highly thermally stable and combustion-resistant material without significantly changing the properties of the polymer

The Impact of SNB's Monetary Policy on Foreign Exchange rate

Tato diplomová práce se zabývá analýzou dopadu měnové politiky SNB na devizový kurz. Cílem práce bylo analyzovat vztah devizového kurzu CHF/EUR i CHF/USD a příslušného tříměsíčního respektive šestiměsíčního úrokového diferenciálu na základě koncepce nekryté úrokové parity v podmínkách Švýcarska v letech 2000 až 2016, které v průběhu nesouvislých šesti let analyzovaného období intervenovalo na devizovém trhu. Praktická část práce má výhradně empirický charakter a je založena na ekonometrickém modelování měsíčních časových řad. Jako vhodné metody byly zvoleny grafická, regresní, vektorová autoregresní analýza, a nakonec kointegrační analýza. Kauzální vztahy byly zkoumány v duchu Grangerové kauzality. Dospěli jsme k závěru, že nekrytá úroková parita, respektive v dlouhém období mezinárodní Fisherův efekt, nebyla jednoznačně prokázána. Naopak, naše výsledky svědčí o „zrcadlovém" zobrazení úrokové parity, a tedy záporný úrokový diferenciál má být doprovázen oslabením franku vůči euru.Táto diplomová práca sa zaoberá analýzou dopadu menovej politiky SNB na devízový kurz. Cieľom tejto práce bolo analyzovať vzťah devízového kurzu CHF/EUR i CHF/USD a príslušného trojmesačného prípadne šesťmesačného úrokového diferenciálu na základe koncepcie nekrytej úrokovej parity v podmienkach Švajčiarska v období rokov 2000 až 2016, ktoré v priebehu nesúvislých šiestich rokov analyzovaného obdobia intervenovalo na devízovom trhu. Praktická časť práce má výhradne empirický charakter a je založená na ekonometrickom modelovaní mesačných časových radov. Ako vhodné metódy boli zvolené grafická, regresná, vektorová autoregresná analýza, a nakoniec kointegračná analýza. Kauzálne vzťahy boli skúmané v duchu Grangerovej kauzality. Dospeli sme k záveru, že nekrytá úroková parita, respektíve v dlhom období medzinárodný Fisherov efekt, nebola preukázaná. Naopak, naše výsledky svedčia o „zrkadlovom“ zobrazení úrokovej parity, a teda záporný úrokový diferenciál má byť sprevádzaný depreciáciou franku voči euru.This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the impact of SNB monetary policy on the exchange rate. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the relationship between the exchange rate CHF/EUR and CHF/USD and the relevant three-month or six-month interest rate differential on the basis of the concept of uncovered interest rate parity in Switzerland in the years 2000 to 2016. The practical part of the thesis is exclusively empirical and is based on econometric modeling of monthly time series. Graphical, linear regression, vector autoregressive analysis, and eventually cointegration analysis were selected as suitable methods. Causal relationships have been investigated by Granger's Causality. We have come to the conclusion that uncovered interest rate parity or International Fisher Effect has not been established. On the contrary, our results proved a “mirror” behaviour of the interest rate parity and therefore the negative interest rate differential should be accompanied by a depreciating franc against the euro