1,648 research outputs found

    Acute effects of mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia on the morphometry of the rat diaphragm

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    BACKGROUND: Prolonged mechanical ventilatory support (MVS) combined with high oxygen concentrations has a negative impact on diaphragm function. However, the acute effects of MVS with hyperoxia have not been elucidated. Objective: To analyze the acute effects of mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia on the morphometry of the rat diaphragm. METHODS: An experimental, prospective study was conducted with Wistar rats (weight: 400±20 g), which were randomly allocated to two groups. The control group (n=4) was anesthetized, tracheostomized and kept spontaneously breathing room air for 90 minutes. The experimental group (n=5) was also anesthetized, curarized, tracheostomized and kept in controlled mechanical ventilation for the same amount of time. Both groups were submitted to median thoracotomy for sample collection of costal fibers from the diaphragm muscle, which were sectioned every 5 μm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the morphometric study. Independent Student's t tests were employed to investigate differences between groups, with a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: There were no signs of acute muscle lesions, however the blood capillaries became dilated in the experimental group. The mean morphometric data related to the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the diaphragm costal fibers were 61.78 ±17.79 µm and 70.75±9.93 µm (p=0.045) for the control and experimental groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia led to significant microvascular and muscle changes, which may reflect the onset of an inflammatory process.CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A asssistência ventilória mecânica (AVM) prolongada associada a altas frações de oxigênio produz impacto negativo na função diafragmática. No entanto, não são claros os efeitos agudos da AVM associada a altas frações de oxigênio em pulmões aparentemente sadios. OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos agudos da ventilação mecânica com hiperóxia na morfometria do diafragma de ratos. Métodos: Estudo experimental prospectivo, com nove ratos Wistar, com peso de 400±20 g, randomizados em dois grupos: controle (n=4), anestesiados, traqueostomizados e mantidos em respiração espontânea em ar ambiente por 90 minutos e experimental (n=5), também anestesiados, curarizados, traqueostomizados e mantidos em ventilação mecânica controlada pelo mesmo tempo. Foram submetidos à toracotomia mediana para coleta da amostra das fibras costais do diafragma que foram seccionadas a cada 5 μm e coradas pela hematoxilina e eosina para o estudo morfométrico. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste t de Student não pareado, com nível de significância de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontrados sinais indicativos de lesão muscular aguda, porém observou-se dilatação dos capilares sanguíneos no grupo experimental. Os dados morfométricos do diâmetro transverso máximo da fibra muscular costal foram em média de 61,78±17,79 µm e de 70,75±9,93 µm (p=0,045) nos grupos controle e experimental respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A ventilação mecânica de curta duração com elevada concentração de O2 produziu marcantes alterações microvasculares e musculares, podendo refletir o início do processo inflamatório.Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de HistologiaUNIFESP Departamento de AnatomiaUniversidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroUNIFESP, Depto. de HistologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de AnatomiaSciEL

    Protocolos de Avaliação do Equilíbrio por Baropodometria em Indivíduos Saudáveis - Revisão Sistemática

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    The aim of the study was to assess the protocols of balance assessment in baropodometer in healthy individuals throu-gh a systematic review of the literature. The search was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant keywords were used for the search through PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO and PEDro. The review included publications made up to August 2018, in English, Portuguese or Spanish, studies with human beings and relevance to the theme of baropodometry. Studies with children and individuals with associated disorders were not included. In all articles, information regarding the assessment protocol in baropodometry were screened, extracting positioning data of feet, arms and mouth, eye fixation, data acquisition time, rest time and number of collections.In the initial search a total of 98 articles were found, in the final sample 12 articles were included. Regarding the type of study, six were clinical trials, four were cross-sectional studies, a methodological study and an experimental one. Although results of relevant literature are limited, there is no methodological standardization in the assessment in baropodometry.Objetivo: Avaliar os protocolos de avaliação do equilíbrio em baropodômetro em indivíduos saudáveis por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Materiais e Métodos: A revisão incluiu publicações realizadas até junho de 2020, nos idiomas inglês, português ou espanhol, estudos com seres humanos, com idade a partir de 18 anos, sem doenças prévias, estudos relevantes sobre baropodometria na avaliação do equilíbrio postural.Resultados: Em todos os artigos foram triadas as informações referentes ao protocolo de avaliação em baropodometria, extraindo-se dados de posicionamento de pés, braços e boca, fixação ocular, tempo de aquisição de dados, tempo de descanso e número de coletas. Na busca inicial foi encontrado um total de 130 artigos, na amostra final 18 artigos foram incluídos.Conclusão: Por meio desta revisão, sugere-se para uma utilização mais efetiva do baropodômetro, protocolos que utilizam orientações para o posicionamento do pé, considerando uma posição confortável e a largura do quadril; manter a boca entreaberta ou fechada para que não haja pegada; mantenha os olhos fixos em um ponto marcado ao nível dos olhos; tempo de coleta entre 30 segundos a 60 segundos, com duas a três repetições e 30 a 60 segundos de descanso entre elas

    Validez y confiabilidad de la versión brasileña de la World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule en personas con ceguera

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    O World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) é uma ferramenta desenvolvida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) para medir deficiência e incapacidade, apoiando o modelo da Classificação Internacional de Saúde, Incapacidade e Funcionalidade. A versão brasileira do WHODAS 2.0 foi traduzida e disponibilizada para uso pela OMS em 2015. Assim, este estudo pretende validar a versão brasileira do WHODAS 2.0 para uso em pessoas com cegueira. Participaram 56 pessoas com cegueira (idade média: 48,4±13,6 anos). Foram utilizadas duas ferramentas de avaliação: a versão de 36 itens do WHODAS 2.0 e o World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOLabreviado). As propriedades psicométricas testadas foram consistência interna, teste-reteste e validade de critério. Houve boa confiabilidade teste-reteste (ICC≥0,63). Os valores de α de Cronbach mostraram boa consistência interna na maioria das áreas, exceto no subdomínio de atividades escolares ou de trabalho (α=0,55). A validade do critério foi adequada, com correlações moderadas entre os domínios do WHODAS 2.0 e áreas do WHOQOL-abreviado. Os resultados indicaram a validade do WHODAS 2.0 para avaliar a funcionalidade de pessoas com cegueira.La World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) es una herramienta desarrollada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la que se utiliza para medir la discapacidad y la incapacidad, basándose en el modelo de la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento de la Discapacidad y de la Salud. La versión brasileña de WHODAS 2.0 fue traducida por la OMS y puesta a disposición para su uso en 2015. Este estudio pretende validar la versión brasileña de WHODAS 2.0 para uso en personas con ceguera. Participaron 56 personas con ceguera (promedio de edad: 48,4±13,6 años). Se utilizaron dos herramientas de evaluación: la versión de 36 ítems de WHODAS 2.0 y la World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-abreviado). Las propiedades psicométricas probadas fueron: consistencia interna, test-retest y validez de criterio. Hubo una buena confiabilidad test-retest (ICC≥0,63). Los valores de α de Cronbach mostraron una buena consistencia interna en la mayoría de las áreas, excepto en el subdominio de actividades escolares o de trabajo (α=0,55). La validez del criterio fue adecuada, con correlaciones moderadas entre los dominios de WHODAS 2.0 y las áreas de WHOQOL-bref. Los resultados demuestran la validez de WHODAS 2.0 para evaluar la funcionalidad de las personas con ceguera.The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) is a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure functioning and disability, supporting the ICF model. The Brazilian version of WHODAS 2.0 was translated and made available for use by WHO in 2015. Thus, this study aims to validate the Brazilian version of WHODAS 2.0 for use in blind people. Participants were 56 blind people (mean age: 48.4 ± 13.6) years. Two assessment tools were used, the 36-item version of WHODAS 2.0 and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-bref). The psychometric properties tested were internal consistency, test-retest and criterion validity. There was good test-retest reliability (ICC≥0.63). Cronbach’s alpha values showed good internal consistency in most areas, except in the subdomain of school or work activities (α = 0.55). The validity criterion was adequate, with moderate correlations between WHODAS 2.0 domains and WHOQOL-bref areas. The results indicated the validity of the WHODAS 2.0 for assessing the functionality of blind people

    Projeto Shantala: capacitação remota com residência multiprofissional de São Paulo

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    A massagem Shantala é realizada em bebês e proporciona vários benefícios entre os envolvidos. A adaptação do projeto de extensão para o formato remoto, no contexto da pandemia, foi necessária para que os extensionistas continuassem a divulgar conhecimento teórico-prático sobre essa técnica. O objetivo foi descrever a experiência das integrantes do projeto durante uma capacitação online em parceria com o Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde - São Paulo. A capacitação remota ocorreu no dia 07 de outubro de 2021, na plataforma Google Meet®, com duração média de 2 horas e participação de quinze discentes da residência. Apesar da existência de desafios que são inerentes ao modelo remoto de capacitação, é possível realizá-la de maneira efetiva e promover a disseminação dessa arte de amor e estímulos que a massagem Shantala proporciona

    The effect of intermittent cryotherapy on the activities of citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase in regenerating skeletal muscle

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    This study examined the effect of three sessions of cryotherapy (three sessions of 30 minutes applied each 2 h) and muscle compression in the regenerating skeletal muscle of the rats. The middle belly of tibialis anterior muscle was injured by a frozen iron bar and received one of the following intervention: injury + cryotherapy (treated with cryotherapy); injury + placebo (sand pack), and injury (I).The enzymatic activities of citrate synthase (CS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in the presence of 1mM or 10mM pyruvate. The ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p£0.05) were performed for the statistical analysis. In summary, the intermittent sessions of cryotherapy, associated to muscle compression and applied immediately after the primary muscle injury minimized the CS and LDH activity at 4h30 and 24h periods post-lesion, which could be related to the reduction in the secondary muscle injury inherent to cryotherapy treatment

    Inorganic Hg toxicity in plants: a comparison of different genotoxic parameters

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    Inorganic Mercury (Hg) contamination persists an environmental problem, but its cyto- and genotoxicity in plants remains yet unquantified. To determine the extent of Hg-induced cyto- and genotoxicity, and assess most sensitive endpoints in plants, Pisum sativum L. seedlings were exposed for 14 days to different HgCl2 concentrations up to 100 μM. Shoots and roots from hydroponic exposure presented growth impairment and/or morphological disorders for doses >1 μM, being the roots more sensitive. Plant growth, ploidy changes, clastogenicity (HPCV), cell cycle dynamics (G1-S-G2), Comet-tail moment (TM), Comet-TD, Mitotic-index (MI) and cell proliferation index (CPI) were used to evaluate Hg-induced cyto/genotoxicity. Both leaf and root DNA-ploidy levels, assessed by flow cytometry (FCM), remained unaltered after exposure. Root cell cycle impairment occurred at lower doses (≥1 μM) than structural DNA damages (≥10 μM). Cytostatic effects depended on the Hg concentration, with delays during S-phase at lower doses, and arrests at G1 at higher ones. This arrest was paralleled with decreases of both mitotic index (MI) and cell proliferation index (CPI). DNA fragmentation, assessed by the Comet assay parameters of TD and TM, could be visualized for conditions ≥10 μM, while FCM-clastogenic parameter (FPCV) and micronuclei (MNC) were only altered in roots exposed to 100 μM. We demonstrate that inorganic-Hg induced cytostaticity is detectable even at 1 μM (a value found in contaminated sites), while structural DNA breaks/damage are only visualized in plants at concentrations ≥10 μM. We also demonstrate that among the different techniques tested for cyto- and genotoxicity, TD and TM Comet endpoints were more sensitive than FPCV or MNC. Regarding cytostatic effects, cell cycle analysis by FCM, including the difference in % cell cycle phases and CPI were more sensitive than MI or MNC frequency. Our data contribute to better understand Hg cyto- and genotoxicity in plants and to understand the information and sensitivity provided by each of the genotoxic techniques used.publishe

    Equilíbrio dos deficientes visuais antes e após Gameterapia

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    This article’s objective was to evaluate the balance in low vision deficients before and after 16 game therapy sessions. It was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with protocol 2349/2012, and developed at the Institute of the Blind of Central Brazil in Uberaba, Minas Gerais. The sample was made with 10 individuals with low vision in the age group of 12-23 years. Initially, participants were assessed with the Berg Balance Scale, underwent a session of game therapy with Nintendo Wii Fit and then reassessed. After that, 4 of the 10 participants were chosen to conduct 16 sessions of therapy for 2 months. In the end, the balance was reassessed. The results showed significant improvement in balance. The virtual rehabilitation can be used in several kinds of treatments, as it improves motor function, decreases perception of pain and improves balance. We conclude that the game therapy showed balance improvements in the subjects.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984686X13720Nesse estudo avaliamos o equilíbrio em deficientes de baixa visão antes e após 16 sessões de gameterapia. Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética de Pesquisa com o protocolo 2349 /2012. Desenvolvido no Instituto dos Cegos do Brasil Central em Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Amostra foi de 10 indivíduos com baixa visão na faixa etária de 12 a 23 anos. Inicialmente os participantes foram avaliados com a Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg, submetidos a uma única sessão de gameterapia e reavaliados novamente. Depois foram selecionados 4 dos 10 participantes para realizarem 16 sessões de gameterapia durante 2 meses. E no final,  reavaliamos o equilíbrio. Os resultados mostraram melhora significativa de equilíbrio. A reabilitação virtual está presente em diferentes tipos de tratamento, aprimora função motora e  melhora o equilíbrio. Concluímos que a gameterapia interferiu na melhora de equilíbrio dos deficientes visuais de baixa visão

    Avaliação do impacte de fogos florestais nos recursos hídricos subterrâneos. 2.º Relatório de Execução Material.

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    Apresenta os trabalhos desenvolvidos no âmbito do Projeto "Avaliação do impacte de fogos florestais nos recursos hídricos subterrâneos" (POCI/AGR/59180/2004) durante o ano de 2007.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons in 7 TeV proton–proton collision data with the ATLAS detector

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    A search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons has been performed using 2 fb^-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed and a 95% CL visible cross section upper limit for new phenomena is set. A 95% CL lower limit of 32 TeV is set on the GMSB breaking scale Lambda independent of tan(beta). These limits provide the most stringent tests to date in a large part of the considered parameter space.Peer Reviewe

    Search for extra dimensions using diphoton events in 7 TeV proton–proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    Using data recorded in 2011 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, a search for evidence of extra spatial dimensions has been performed through an analysis of the diphoton final state. The analysis uses data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.12 fb^-1 of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions. The diphoton invariant mass spectrum is observed to be in good agreement with the expected Standard Model background. In the large extra dimension scenario of Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali, the results provide 95% CL lower limits on the fundamental Planck scale between 2.27 and 3.53 TeV, depending on the number of extra dimensions and the theoretical formalism used. The results also set 95% CL lower limits on the lightest Randall-Sundrum graviton mass of between 0.79 and 1.85 TeV, for values of the dimensionless coupling k/\bar{M}_{Pl} varying from 0.01 to 0.1. Combining with previously published ATLAS results from the dielectron and dimuon final states, the 95% CL lower limit on the Randall-Sundrum graviton mass for k/\bar{M}_{Pl} = 0.01 (0.1) is 0.80 (1.95) TeV.Peer Reviewe
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