Effect of cross-diffusion on the stationary problem of a prey–predator model with a protection zone

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the stationary problem of a prey–predator cross-diffusion system with a protection zone for the prey. We discuss the existence and non-existence of coexistence states of the two species by using the bifurcation theory. As a result, it is shown that the cross-diffusion for the prey has beneficial effects on the survival of the prey when the intrinsic growth rate of the predator is positive. We also study the asymptotic behavior of positive stationary solutions as the cross-diffusion coefficient of the prey tends to infinity

Suri seibutsugaku ni arawareru hanno kakusankei no seichi teijokai ni tsuite

制度:新 ; 報告番号:甲3451号 ; 学位の種類:博士(理学) ; 授与年月日:2011/10/27 ; 早大学位記番号:新577

Asymmetrische elektrophile alpha-Amidoalkylierung, 3.Mitt.: Synthesen von Vorstufen für die Erzeugung chiraler N-Acylpyrrolidiniumionen

Von (S>Phenylmilchsäure ((S)-5) ausgehend werden die Verbindungen (2S, 7aS)-l, (2S, 7aR>l, (2S, 2'S)-3, (2S. 2*R>-3 und (S>4 synthetisiert. (2Sf 7aSH und (2S, 7aR>-l werden aus (S)-8 durch Cyclokondensauon und (2S, 2*S)-3 und (2S, 2"R)-3 werden aus (2S, 2'S)-12 durch anodische oxidative Decarboxyiiening erhalten. (S)-4 wird aus (SyiS durch Pd/C-katalysierte Isomerisierung herges teil

Successful Treatment of Fetal Intraperitoneal Administration of Immunoglobulin in a Case of Fetal Hemolytic Anemia with 131,072-Fold Anti-E Alloimmunization

Object. We present here the case of severe fetal anemia caused by anti-E antibody positive, which showed a favorable course only with fetal intraperitoneal administration of immunoglobulin. Case. The mother was 31 years old, blood type B Rh : CCDee, gravida 1, with no history of transfusion. Anti-E antibody was detected in the maternal cross-match test at the 18th gestational week. In percutaneous umbilical blood sampling, the umbilical blood hemoglobin level was 9.1 g/dL and the result of the direct Coombs' test was positive at the 26th gestational week. Immunoglobulin injection into fetal abdominal cavity (IFAC) was administered a total 7 times. During the pregnancy, the indirect Coombs' test showed a 131,072-fold increase. Conclusion. In this case, IFAC to block the reticuloendothelial system Fc receptor was successful. This procedure is promising as one of the treatment options for blood group incompatible pregnancy

Utilização de fontes vegetais com diferentes níveis de fibra alimentar pelo jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) e tilápia-do-Nilo e (Oreochromis niloticus)

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Florianópolis, 2010A digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia, desempenho e histomorfologia intestinal foram avaliados em juvenis de jundiá e tilápia-do-Nilo - espécies de peixe onívoras com distinta morfologia intestinal - quando alimentados com fontes vegetais contendo diferentes níveis de fibra alimentar. As fontes fibrosas polpa cítrica (PC), farelo de trigo (FT) e casca de soja (CS) foram menos digestíveis em relação às fontes amiláceas quirera de arroz (QA) e milho moído (MM) e a digestibilidade daquelas não diferiu entre as espécies. O jundiá demonstrou menor habilidade em digerir as fontes amiláceas e em utilizar a proteína das fontes vegetais. O desempenho da tilápia correspondeu à digestibilidade das fontes vegetais, enquanto não foi observada diferença para o jundiá, provavelmente devido ao seu crescimento relativamente mais brando. O índice de sólidos solúveis no quimo intestinal foi menor para os peixes alimentados com PC para ambas as espécies, mas mais acentuado para o jundiá, sugerindo que a presença de fibra solúvel ocasionou maior diluição de nutrientes solúveis no intestino. Efeito na morfologia intestinal foi encontrado apenas para a espessura da camada muscular no intestino distal do jundiá, que foi maior para o grupo PC. Isto possivelmente indica uma adaptação das camadas musculares para propulsar o grande volume de digesta viscosa ao longo do intestino e, conseqüentemente, certa capacidade adaptativa à dieta, sugerindo ao jundiá um hábito alimentar onívoro com tendência à carnivoria

Efeito da suplementação de colostro enriquecido sobre as características morfológicas da mucosa intestinal de bezerros neonatos

Colostrum intake in neonatal calves is essential to obtain passive immunity and to influence metabolism, endocrine systems and the nutritional state. This study compares morphologic features of small intestine of calves fed a colostrum second meal at 12 hours of life with concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG) higher than 100mg mL  -1 (fresh colostrum or artificially prepared with addition of lyophilized colostrum) or smaller than 30mg mL-1. Twenty-four Holstein calves were randomly grouped according to concentration of IgG intake at 12 hours of life: low (less than 30mg mL-1); high (more than 100mg mL-1); plus lyophilized colostrum (more than 120mg mL-1). Intestinal tissue samples were collected at 0, 10, 24 and 72 hours after birth to evaluate morphology in segments: duodenum; proximal, middle and distal jejunum and ileum by examined with a scanning electron microscope. Villi of all segments showed more organized and uniform morphology characteristics with age. Only the animals fed colostrum with more than 100mg mL-1 of IgG at 24 hours after birth still showed the distal jejunum villi disoriented and more united in comparison to the other ages and groups. Intake of lyophilized colostrum affected ileum morphology along experiment period. Higher concentration of immunologic and bioactive elements supplied for longer period of time could be responsible for promoting effects on the enterocytes. Use of colostrum with high IgG concentrations, with or without addition of lyophilized colostrum, influenced the precocity of the intestinal mucosa development in newborn calves, suggesting earlier maturation of the mucosa

芳香族超微粒子の励起子過程とバルク結晶の励起子帯幅

A novel experimental method, based on the technology to determine the singlet lowest exciton bandwidth in molecular crystals is reported here. In this method the analysis of the excitation spectrum in microcrystallites is used as a key tool to determine the exciton bandwidth. Analyzing the excitation spectra of pyrene microcrystallites at 2K, we have found that the lowest 1Lbsinglet exciton bandwidth increases superlinearly with microcrystallite size toward a maximum value of 330 cm-1, which is interpreted to be the bandwidth of the lowest exciton band(1Lb band) in the bulk crystal.The bandwidth of the bulk crystal thus obtained is discussed in connection with the Davydov splitting of only 15 cm-1. The bandwidths in small microcrystallites are interpreted in terms of the energy separation calculated by the Frenkel exciton theory. Using the bandwidth obtained for bulk pyrene crystal and exciton-phonon coupling constant, the lattice relaxation energy for the 1Lb exciton has been estimated to be 180 cm-1 and the self-trap depth for the V state to be 15cm-1.We have found that the k selection rule for the exciton creation is not applicable in small size pyrene microcrystallites, but it is applicable to microcrystallites larger than 50 A°. Comparing the exciton bandwidth in pyrene and anthracene microcrystallites, it is found that the exciton surface scattering does not occur in pyrene microcrystallites but it occurs strongly in anthracene microcrystallites. The surface scattering layer thickness in anthracene microcrystallites is found to be 30 A°.甲南大学平成9年度(1997年度

Histomorfologia intestinal de Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum alimentado com colostro bovino como fonte de proteína e peptídeos bioativos

Histological responses of the intestine are key for evaluating nutritional value of feed ingredients, since the organ is not only the chief site of feed digestion and nutrient absorption but also plays an important immunological function. Histomorphological alterations were evaluated in the intestine of juvenile striped catfish, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, fed diets containing 0 (control), 10 or 20% inclusion of lyophilized bovine colostrum (LBC), as source of protein or bioactive peptides, for either 30 or 60 days. Fish fed 20LBC presented at 60d a distinct pattern of macrophages and, some of them, higher number of vacuoles in rectum mucosa. The thickness of the muscle layer (TML) in fish fed diets with LBC was higher in the first portion of medium intestine than fish fed 0LBC. All fish presented significant increase of TML in the second portion of medium intestine along feeding period, but fish fed 20LBC had smaller values of TML than those of fish fed 0 and 10LBC which might be related to the higher intestinal coefficient found for this group. The TML of rectum was higher just for fish fed 10LBC. Dietary LBC altered morphometrical features of juvenile striped catfish intestine and possibly induced inflammatory reaction in the rectal mucosa, as a function of level of inclusion, feeding period and segment of intestine analyzed.Respostas histológicas do intestino são fundamentais para avaliar o valor nutritivo de ingredientes alimentares, uma vez que o órgão não é só o principal local de digestão e absorção dos nutrientes, mas também exerce uma importante função imunológica. Alterações histomorfológicas foram avaliadas no intestino de juvenis de cachara, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, alimentado com dietas contendo 0 (controle), 10 e 20% de inclusão de colostro bovino liofilizado (CBL) como fonte de proteína e peptídeos bioativos, aos 30 e 60 dias. Aos 60 dias, peixes alimentados com 20CBL apresentaram macrófagos de aspecto distinto e alguns, uma grande concentração de vacúolos na mucosa retal. A espessura da camada muscular (ECM) em peixes alimentados com CBL foi maior na primeira porção do intestino médio em relação àqueles alimentados com 0CBL. Ao longo do período experimental, todos os peixes mostraram aumento significativo na ECM na segunda porção do intestino médio, entretanto peixes do grupo 20CBL tiveram menores valores para a ECM do que os demais, o que pode estar relacionado com o maior coeficiente intestinal encontrado para este grupo. A ECM no reto foi maior apenas para os peixes alimentados com 10CBL. A inclusão de CBL na dieta do cachara alterou características morfométricas do intestino e, possivelmente, induziu uma reação inflamatória na mucosa retal em função do nível de inclusão, período de alimentação e porção do intestino analisada.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq