Bom professor de ciências nas séries iniciais: representações de licenciandos do 1º e 2º ciclo do ensino básico português

O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender a influência do processo de formação inicial de professores nas concepções e representações sociais, sobre a construção da identidade docente de licenciandos de ciências. Para coleta de dados, realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com grupo focal que abrangeu informações como: a construção da ciência, a influência e impactos da ciência na sociedade, construção do conhecimento na docência e elementos acerca do bom professor e da universidade que o forma. Conclui-se que o bom professor de ciências está atrelado a diversas características e destaca-se a prática como fator fundamental para desenvolver atitudes e valores docentes.Fundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) no âmbito do CIEC (Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, da Universidade do Minho) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Resposta da mandioca à adubação mineral e a métodos de aplicação do potássio em solos de baixa fertilidade

Seven fertility trials were conducted on sites located in two counties in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The purpose of the trials was to determine the effects of N, P and K and method of K application on the yields of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Grantz). Yield responses at two sites were not statistically significant. At the remaining five sites, phosphorus was the major factor limiting cassava yields. Application of 40 kg/ha of P2O5 increased yields an average of 86%. With the application of an additional 40 kg/ha of P2O5, the average yield increase was only 8%. Quadratic production functions computed for three sites indicated that 67 kg/ha P2O5 was the most economic level of application and resulted in an average yield of 29,746 kg/ha. State average yields of cassava are approximately 12,000 kg/ha. Yield responses to up to 30 kg/ha of N and up to 40 kg/ha of K2O were not statistically significant. Likewise, spliting the application of K had no influence on yields.São relatados os resultados de sete experimentos de campo, instalados em solos de baixa fertilidade em dois municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, onde se pesquisou a resposta da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Grantz) aos macronutrientes nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio e a métodos de aplicação deste último elemento, relativamente à produção. Os esquemas experimentais foram os de blocos ao acaso e parcelas subdivididas a partir do fatorial 3a, sendo nas subparcelas o potássio aplicado no plantio com os demais macronutrientes e parceladamente na época de aplicação do nitrogênio. As análises estatísticas revelaram o fósforo como o elemento de maior necessidade para o aumento da produtividade da mandioca, mostrando um aumento médio de 86% na produção quando se usou a dose P1 (40 kg/ha de P2O5) e de apenas 8% de P1 para P2 (80 kg/ha de P2O5), revelando a análise econômica, para São João da Barra, o nível de 67 kg/ha de P2O5, com uma produção de 29.749 kg/ha, como o indicado para o tipo de solo estudado, nesse município. Não houve efeito do nitrogênio e do potássio, assim como para métodos de aplicação do último elemento. Nos ensaios realizados em São Pedro da Aldeia, não houve efeito para nenhum dos elementos pesquisados

Stem cells from human dental pulp and apical papilla : morphological and synchrotron radiation analysis

Dental Mesenchymal stem cells has prompted great for cell-based therapeutics. But no one knows for sure what the true potential of these cells, since most of the studies were done in isolation, using as source, different donors or different cell processi

Gestão da Água na Suinocultura

Embrap

Early Holocene ritual complexity in South America: the archaeological record of Lapa do Santo (east-central Brazil)

Early Archaic human skeletal remains found in a burial context in Lapa do Santo in eastcentral Brazil provide a rare glimpse into the lives of hunter-gatherer communities in South America, including their rituals for dealing with the dead. These included the reduction of the body by means of mutilation, defleshing, tooth removal, exposure to fire and possibly cannibalism, followed by the secondary burial of the remains according to strict rules. In a later period, pits were filled with disarticulated bones of a single individual without signs of body manipulation, demonstrating that the region was inhabited by dynamic groups in constant transformation over a period of centuries

High sensitivity measurements of the CMB power spectrum with the extended Very Small Array

We present deep Ka-band ($\nu \approx 33$ GHz) observations of the CMB made with the extended Very Small Array (VSA). This configuration produces a naturally weighted synthesized FWHM beamwidth of $\sim 11$ arcmin which covers an $\ell$-range of 300 to 1500. On these scales, foreground extragalactic sources can be a major source of contamination to the CMB anisotropy. This problem has been alleviated by identifying sources at 15 GHz with the Ryle Telescope and then monitoring these sources at 33 GHz using a single baseline interferometer co-located with the VSA. Sources with flux densities \gtsim 20 mJy at 33 GHz are subtracted from the data. In addition, we calculate a statistical correction for the small residual contribution from weaker sources that are below the detection limit of the survey. The CMB power spectrum corrected for Galactic foregrounds and extragalactic point sources is presented. A total $\ell$-range of 150-1500 is achieved by combining the complete extended array data with earlier VSA data in a compact configuration. Our resolution of $\Delta \ell \approx 60$ allows the first 3 acoustic peaks to be clearly delineated. The is achieved by using mosaiced observations in 7 regions covering a total area of 82 sq. degrees. There is good agreement with WMAP data up to $\ell=700$ where WMAP data run out of resolution. For higher $\ell$-values out to $\ell = 1500$, the agreement in power spectrum amplitudes with other experiments is also very good despite differences in frequency and observing technique.Comment: 16 pages. Accepted in MNRAS (minor revisions

Strategic approaches to restoring ecosystems can triple conservation gains and halve costs.

International commitments for ecosystem restoration add up to one-quarter of the world's arable land. Fulfilling them would ease global challenges such as climate change and biodiversity decline but could displace food production and impose financial costs on farmers. Here, we present a restoration prioritization approach capable of revealing these synergies and trade-offs, incorporating ecological and economic efficiencies of scale and modelling specific policy options. Using an actual large-scale restoration target of the Atlantic Forest hotspot, we show that our approach can deliver an eightfold increase in cost-effectiveness for biodiversity conservation compared with a baseline of non-systematic restoration. A compromise solution avoids 26% of the biome's current extinction debt of 2,864 plant and animal species (an increase of 257% compared with the baseline). Moreover, this solution sequesters 1 billion tonnes of CO2-equivalent (a 105% increase) while reducing costs by US$28 billion (a 57% decrease). Seizing similar opportunities elsewhere would offer substantial contributions to some of the greatest challenges for humankind

The miniJPAS & J-NEP surveys: Identification and characterization of the Lyα\alpha Emitter population and the Lyα\alpha Luminosity Function

We present the Lyman-$a$ (Lya) Luminosity Function (LF) at $2.05<z<3.75$, estimated from a sample of 67 Lya-emitter (LAE) candidates in the J-PAS Pathfinder surveys: miniJPAS and J-NEP. These two surveys cover a total effective area of $\sim 1.14$ deg$^2$ with 54 Narrow Band (NB) filters across the optical range, with typical limiting magnitudes of $\sim 23$. This set of NBs allows to probe Lya emission in a wide and continuous range of redshifts. We develop a method for detecting Lya emission for the estimation of the Lya LF using the whole J-PAS filter set. We test this method by applying it to the miniJPAS and J-NEP data. In order to compute the corrections needed to estimate the Lya LF and to test the performance of the candidates selection method, we build mock catalogs. These include representative populations of Lya Emitters at $1.9<z<4.5$ as well as their expected contaminants, namely low-$z$ galaxies and $z<2$ QSOs. We show that our method is able to provide the Lya LF at the intermediate-bright range of luminosity ($\rm 10^{43.5} erg\,s^{-1} \lesssim L_{Lya} \lesssim 10^{44.5} erg\,s^{-1}$). The photometric information provided by these surveys suggests that our samples are dominated by bright, Lya-emitting Active Galactic Nuclei. At $L_{{\rm Ly}a}<10^{44.5}$ erg\,s$^{-1}$, we fit our Lya LF to a power-law with slope $A=0.70\pm0.25$. We also fit a Schechter function to our data, obtaining: Log(\Phi^* / \text{Mpc^{-3}})=-6.30^{+0.48}_{-0.70}, Log$(L^*/ \rm erg\,s^{-1})=44.85^{+0.50}_{-0.32}$, $a=-1.65^{+0.29}_{-0.27}$. Overall, our results confirm the presence of an AGN component at the bright-end of the Lya LF. In particular, we find no significant contribution of star-forming LAEs to the Lya LF at Log$(L_{\rm Lya}$ / erg\,s$^{-1}$)>43.5. This work serves as a proof-of-concept for the results that can be obtained with the upcoming data releases of the J-PAS survey.Comment: 25 pages, 15 figures, submitted to A&