Antimicrobial action of ozonated water and photodynamic therapy with sonic activation in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis

New protocols are constantly being tested in the search for complete disinfection of root canals without the undesirable effects of sodium hypochlorite. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of ozonated water and photodynamic therapy (PDT) with s

Alternative tourism and environmental impacts: perception of residents of an extractive reserve in the Brazilian Amazonia

Alternative tourism (AT) contributes to conservation, valuing the environment and recipient cultures with minimal impact, especially in protected areas. In this context, this article identified, considering the residents’ perception, the possible environmental impacts resulting from alternative tourism in communities of the Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve (RESEX), Brazilian Amazonia. Thus, between February and April 2019 a semi-structured interview was conducted with 122 residents of three communities of RESEX (Anã, Maripá, and São Miguel). The interview script was divided into three groups of questions: (i) interviewee data, (ii) socioeconomic data, and (iii) perception of the concept and environmental impacts of alternative tourism. We used a snowball sampling method, which consists of a form of a non-probabilistic sample. The majority (91.8%) of the informants did not know how to explain the concept of alternative tourism; however, for 87.7% of them, this tourism does not generate negative impacts. Income is the most used expression (53%) by RESEX residents to demonstrate what alternative tourism positively impacts. About 74.6% of respondents reported that tourists do not influence local customs change, and 94.3% do not identify tourism-related violence. Finally, 89.3% say that tourists do not pollute the environments. The research carried out in this Conservation Unit deserves the attention of decision-makers, managers, technicians, and researchers. It provides subsidies for management programs to provide real bases for the analysis, interpretation, and planning of sustainable tourist spaces.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Conhecimento, Responsabilidade, Visão e Futuro: bases programáticas da Lista F para o 3.º mandato do Conselho Geral da Universidade de Évora 2016-20

O presente documento inclui o programa de acção e os elementos de campanha da Lista F, candidata ao 3.º mandato do Conselho Geral da Universidade de Évora (2016-20)

Modelling Processes and Products in the Cereal Chain

[EN] In recent years, modelling techniques have become more frequently adopted in the field of food processing, especially for cereal-based products, which are among the most consumed foods in the world. Predictive models and simulations make it possible to explore new approaches and optimize proceedings, potentially helping companies reduce costs and limit carbon emissions. Nevertheless, as the different phases of the food processing chain are highly specialized, advances in modelling are often unknown outside of a single domain, and models rarely take into account more than one step. This paper introduces the first high-level overview of modelling techniques employed in different parts of the cereal supply chain, from farming to storage, from drying to milling, from processing to consumption. This review, issued from a networking project including researchers from over 30 different countries, aims at presenting the current state of the art in each domain, showing common trends and synergies, to finally suggest promising future venues for research.The authors would like to acknowledge networking and article processing charge support by COST Action CA15118 (Mathematical and Computer Science Methods for Food Science and Industry).Carvalho, O.; Charalambides, MN.; Djekic, I.; Athanassiou, C.; Bakalis, S.; Benedito Fort, JJ.; Briffaz, A.... (2021). Modelling Processes and Products in the Cereal Chain. Foods. 10(1):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010082S11810

CONSUMO DE MÍDIAS SEXUALMENTE EXPLÍCITAS E SEXO ANAL DESPROTEGIDO EM HOMENS QUE FAZEM SEXO COM HOMENS

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sexually explicit media (MSE) consumption of the "bareback" type in the practice of anal sex without a condom by men who have sex with men (MSM). To this end, a Facebook® page was created, with a link that directed participants to the study questionnaire. Users who identified themselves as cisgendered men, aged 18 or over and who had sex with another man in the 12 months prior to the survey were included. Data were collected in 2017 across Brazil and analyzed using univariate and bivariate inferential statistics and multivariate logistic regression. 2248 MSM participated in the research, with a mean age of 24.4 years. Most were single (69.1%), with casual sexual partner (68.9%) and an average of 3.9 partners in the last 30 days. Have multiple sexual partners (ORa: 9.4; 95% CI 3.9-22.4), prefer films with bareback scenes (ORa: 2.6; 95% CI 1.5-4.6), judge this practice a fetish and perform it (ORa: 3.52; 95% CI 2.3-5.4), have casual partnership (ORa: 1.8; 95% CI 1.5-1.9) and awareness of the partner's negative serological status for HIV (ORa: 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-2.3) were factors that increased the chances of engaging in anal sex without a condom. Thus, we verified an association between the consumption of MSE in the "bareback" modality and the practice of sex without a condom among MSM.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do consumo de mídia sexualmente explicita (MSE) do tipo “bareback” na prática de sexo anal sem preservativo por homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Para tanto, foi criada uma página no Facebook®, com um link que direcionava os participantes para o questionário do estudo. Foram incluídos os usuários que se identificavam como homem cisgênero, com 18 anos ou mais de idade e que praticaram sexo com outro homem nos 12 meses anteriores a pesquisa. Os dados foram coletados em 2017 em todo o Brasil e analisados por meio de estatística inferencial uni e bivariada e regressão logística multivariada. Participaram da pesquisa 2248 HSH, com média de idade de 24,4 anos. A maioria era solteira (69,1%), com parceria sexual casual (68,9%) e média de 3,9 parceiros nos últimos 30 dias. Possuir múltiplos parceiros sexuais (ORa:9,4; IC95% 3,9-22,4), preferir filmes com cenas bareback (ORa:2,6; IC95% 1,5-4,6), julgar essa prática um fetiche e realizá-lo (ORa:3,52; IC95% 2,3-5,4), ter parceria casual (ORa:1,8; IC95% 1,5-1,9) e ciência do status sorológico negativo do parceiro para o HIV (ORa:1,4; IC95% 1,1-2,3) foram fatores que aumentaram as chances de envolvimento em sexo anal sem preservativo. Dessa forma, verificamos associação entre o consumo de MSE na modalidade “bareback” e a prática de sexo sem preservativo entre HSH

Consumption of sexually explicit media and unprotected anal sex in men who have sex with men

Publisher Copyright: © 2021, Associacao Brasileira de Pos - Graduacao em Saude Coletiva. All rights reserved.This study aimed to evaluate the influence of bareback sexually explicit media (SEM) consumption on anal sex without a condom by men who have sex with men (MSM). To this end, a page was created on the Facebook® social network with a link that directed interested parties to a questionnaire. Cisgender men, aged 18 years and over, who had sex with other men in the last 12 months, were included. Data were collected in 2017 and analyzed using univariate and bivariate inferential statistics and multivariate logistic regression. A total of 2,248 MSM participated in the research, with a mean age of 24.4 years and a mean number of 3.9 partners in the last 30 days. Having multiple sexual partners (ORa: 9.4; 95% CI 3.9-22.4), preferring movies with bareback scenes (ORa: 2.6; 95% CI 1.5-4.6), considering this practice a fetish and realizing it (ORa: 3.52; 95% CI 2.3-5.4), having casual partnerships (ORa: 1.8; 95% CI 1.5-1.9) and being aware of the partner’s negative serological status for HIV (ORa: 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-2.3) were factors that increased the likelihood of engaging in anal sex without a condom. Thus, we found an association between the consumption of bareback SEM and sex without a condom among MSM. Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do consumo de mídia sexualmente explícita (MSE) de modalidade bareback na prática de sexo anal sem preservativo por homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Para tanto, foi criada uma página na rede social Facebook® com um link que direcionava os interessados para um questionário. Foram incluídos homens cisgênero, com 18 anos ou mais e que praticaram sexo com outro(s) homem(ns) nos últimos 12 meses. Os dados foram coletados em 2017 e analisados por meio de estatística inferencial (uni)bivariada e regressão logística multivariada. Participaram da pesquisa 2.248 HSH, com média de idade de 24,4 anos e média de 3,9 parceiros nos últimos 30 dias. Possuir múltiplos parceiros sexuais (ORa:9,4; IC95% 3,9-22,4), preferir filmes com cenas bareback (ORa:2,6; IC95% 1,5-4,6), julgar essa prática um fetiche e realizá-lo (ORa:3,52; IC95% 2,3-5,4), ter parceria casual (ORa:1,8; IC95% 1,5-1,9) e ciência do status sorológico negativo do parceiro para o HIV (ORa:1,4; IC95% 1,1-2,3) foram fatores que aumentaram as chances de envolvimento em sexo anal sem preservativo. Dessa forma, verificamos associação entre o consumo de MSE bareback e a prática de sexo sem preservativo entre HSH.publishersversionpublishe

Elaboração de Informes Técnicos sobre o uso de medicamentos na COVID-19: um trabalho colaborativo de Centros de Informações sobre Medicamentos do Brasil

Introduction: There is an urgency to have drugs capable of treating COVID-19. However, there are still shortages of studies and difficulties in accessing secure information. Drug Information Centers (DIC) operate in the production and dissemination of quality, objective, and timely information, based on the best scientific evidence. Objective: To describe the collaborative experience of preparing Technical Notes (TN) and Drugs Alerts (DA) on the use of medicines at COVID-19, carried out by members of DICs in Brazil. Method: This is an experience report of a descriptive and analytical type, with a qualitative approach. The profile of the participating DICs and their professionals were initially analyzed, and then the method adopted for conducting the work from March to June 2020 was presented. Results: Four DICs from the Northeast of Brazil participated in this experience, that of the Federal University of Vale São Francisco, the Federal University of Sergipe Lagarto campus, the Federal University of Ceará and the DIC of the Regional Pharmacy Council of Bahia. The stages of the TN development process were: 1) Definition of the TN objectives; 2) Selection of themes; 3) Search for information; 4) Construction process and description of the TNs; 5) Review and 6) Publication of TNs. Four TNs were produced, on antihypertensive and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine; ivermectin and, vitamin D, in addition, a DA about ivermectin and your potential to cause neurotoxicity. Conclusions: The experience of this collaborative work demonstrates that DICs are playing an important role in combating the pandemic by the new coronavirus and infodemic, promoting quality information, based on the best evidence.Introdução: Há uma urgência em se ter medicamentos capazes de tratar a COVID-19, mas existe ainda carência de estudos e dificuldades no acesso a informações seguras. Os Centros de Informações sobre Medicamentos (CIM) atuam na produção e difusão de informações de qualidade, baseadas nas melhores evidências científicas. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência colaborativa da elaboração de notas técnicas (NT) e de alerta de medicamento (AM) sobre a utilização de medicamentos na COVID-19, realizada por membros de CIM do Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência do tipo descritivo e analítico, com abordagem qualitativa. Foi analisado inicialmente o perfil dos CIM participantes e de seus profissionais envolvidos, e então apresentado o método adotado para a condução do trabalho, que foi realizado entre março a junho de 2020. Resultados: Participaram quatro CIM do Nordeste brasileiro: o da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, o da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, campus Lagarto, o da Universidade Federal do Ceará e o CIM do Conselho Regional de Farmácia da Bahia. As etapas do processo de desenvolvimento dos documentos técnicos foram: 1) Definição dos objetivos; 2) Seleção dos temas; 3) Busca de informação; 4) Processo de construção e descrição; 5) Revisão e 6) Publicização. Foram produzidas quatro NT e um AM. Conclusões: A experiência deste trabalho colaborativo demonstra que os CIM estão exercendo relevante papel no combate a pandemia pelo novo coronavírus e a infodemia, promovendo informação de qualidade, baseada nas melhores evidências

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio