1,262 research outputs found

    « Creavolution », with Trevor Wishart

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    International audienceTrevor Wishart is an electroacoustic composer who obtained his PhD at the University of York in 1973 . books On Sonic Art (1984 and 1996) and Audible Design (1994), which present his ideas about sound treatment, perception and composition. All of the theories and ideas I talk about here are related to my research as a graduate student in music and musicology, entitled Sound identification, listening strategy and narrativity in Trevor Wishart’s Journey into Space – Agentization, objectization and narrativizations (translated from the French: Identification sonore, stratĂ©gie d’écoute et narrativitĂ© dans Journey into Space de Trevor Wishart – Agentisation, objĂ©tisation et narrativisations). The present essay is mainly the transcription of an interview with Wishart himself, in which we talked about Journey into Space, sound identification (“landscape”), voice (both recorded and improvised), symbolism and narrativity. I will add some comments and ideas throughout the essay; these will deal with music and meaning, the main subject of JMM, as well as with my own research on electroacoustic narrativity

    Colours and anomalies of skin: diploma 2015

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    Afin de suivre et d’analyser l’évolution, lors de traitement ou pas, de lĂ©sions de la peau (grains de beautĂ©, plaies, tĂąches de sĂ©nescence, coup de soleil 
), nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© une camĂ©ra portable munie d’une illumination multispectrale capable d’envoyer les images sur un serveur dĂ©diĂ© et d’analyser ces imagesWe developed a handheld camera with multispectral illumination to take pictures and to analyse anomalies of skin. The fields of use are: a) analysing and tracking skin lesions such as naevi or wounds, b) studying influence of creams.Das Ziel ist die Entwicklung einer portablen Kamera mit multispektraler Beleuchtung zur Aufnahme und Analyse von Anomalien der Haut. Anwendungsbereiche sind: a) Analyse und Verfolgung von Muttermalen und Wunden, b) Untersuchung von Einfluss von Creme

    Eau minérale contre viticulture : une usine au milieu des vignes. Les conflits autour de la source Perrier à VergÚze

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    La Source Perrier, dont l’établissement industriel est situĂ© Ă  VergĂšze, dans le Gard, a une histoire riche longue d’un siĂšcle. L’analyse de cette histoire, qui a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e par ailleurs, avait pour point central l’analyse des interactions entre l’entreprise et la sociĂ©tĂ© environnante. L’invitation Ă  la journĂ©e d’étude « Transformation des paysages et conflictualité » a initiĂ© une rĂ©flexion qui n’avait pas Ă©tĂ© prĂ©sente jusqu’ici : les conflits engendrĂ©s par la prĂ©sence de l’usine dans cet ensemble rural qu’est la plaine languedocienne permettent-ils d’évoquer le paysage comme « le cƓur du fonctionnement des sociĂ©tĂ©s » ? Il fallait d’abord prĂ©ciser ce qui constitue les Ă©lĂ©ments du paysage dont il est question ici : la vigne, omniprĂ©sente, l’usine qui rompt la monotonie de la plaine et les hommes, qui ne cessent d’aller de l’un Ă  l’autre. Ensuite, la rĂ©flexion s’est portĂ©e sur une relecture de la conflictualitĂ© en utilisant le concept de paysage. Il apparaĂźt que cette utilisation est fĂ©conde, car elle permet, in fine, de mieux comprendre les relations complexes qui relient l’entreprise et ses salariĂ©s et au-delĂ , Ă  l’ensemble de la sociĂ©tĂ© locale.The Perrier spring, whose industrial company is in VergĂšze, Gard, has been part of history for a century. That history’s main feature was the analysis of the interactions between the company and the human community established around it. Our participation in the seminar “Landscape change and conflicts” has started a reflective initiative that had not taken place before: can the conflicts brought about by the presence of the factory in that rural surrounding of Languedoc allow us to consider the landscape as the “core that makes societies tick”? First we have to precise which are the various elements of the landscape being examined: vineyards everywhere, the factory that breaks the dullness of the flat country, and the men endlessly going from the one to the other. Then we made a rereading of conflictual situations through the prism of the landscape. The notion has proved fruitful, for it eventually led us to a better understanding of the complex relationships between the company and its workers and even the local society as a whole

    Une désindustrialisation perpétuelle ?

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    Depuis les difficultĂ©s de la draperie languedocienne et de la mĂ©tallurgie pyrĂ©nĂ©enne dĂšs le dĂ©but du XIXe siĂšcle jusqu’à la fermeture des HouillĂšres du Bassin des CĂ©vennes Ă  la fin du XXe siĂšcle, l’histoire Ă©conomique de l’ensemble rĂ©gional hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne rassemblĂ© en 1960 dans la rĂ©gion Languedoc-Roussillon pourrait laisser croire Ă  une dĂ©sindustrialisation perpĂ©tuelle. Les regards portĂ©s sur ces phĂ©nomĂšnes ont donnĂ© lieu Ă  des analyses classiques. Mais on sait maintenant que le prisme fordien a sans doute contribuĂ© Ă  une mauvaise Ă©valuation de la diversitĂ© des types d’organisations industrielles. Ce point de vue dominant a favorisĂ© l’abandon de formes d’activitĂ©s jugĂ©es archaĂŻques en remettant en question leur capacitĂ© Ă  se maintenir ou Ă  se rĂ©orienter, et Ă  participer Ă  la modernisation accĂ©lĂ©rĂ©e de la France de la pĂ©riode de la forte croissance des annĂ©es 1945 Ă  1975.Since the difficulties of Languedoc drapery and Pyrenean metallurgy in the Early 19th century until the closure of the CĂ©vennes basin coalmine in the Late 20th century, economic history of the heterogeneous regional set gathered in 1960 in the Languedoc-Roussillon region might suggest a perpetual deindustrialization. Works concerning these phenomena gave rise to classic analysis. But we now know that the Fordist prism has undoubtedly contributed to a misjudgment of the diversity of types of industrial organizations. The prevailing view has encouraged the abandonment of so-called archaic forms of activities by questioning their ability to maintain or to reorient themselves and to participate in the accelerated modernization of France during the period of strong growth from 1945 to 1975

    Pet recycling: From enzyme and process optimization to an industrial plant

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    Asymmetric hysteresis of N\'eel caps in flux-closure magnetic dots

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    We investigated with XMCD-PEEM magnetic imaging the magnetization reversal processes of N\'eel caps inside Bloch walls in self-assembled, micron-sized Fe(110) dots with flux-closure magnetic state. In most cases the magnetic-dependent processes are symmetric in field, as expected. However, some dots show pronounced asymmetric behaviors. Micromagnetic simulations suggest that the geometrical features (and their asymmetry) of the dots strongly affect the switching mechanism of the N\'eel caps.Comment: Proceeding for MMM-Intermag 2010 (Washington

    MaturitĂ© des financements et contrats de partenariats public‑privé : les enjeux du refinancement Ă  mi-parcours

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    La soutenabilitĂ© budgĂ©taire des contrats de partenariat public-privĂ© dĂ©pend essentiellement du niveau du loyer annuel qui doit ĂȘtre versĂ© au contractant de l’administration. L’augmentation du niveau des taux d’intĂ©rĂȘts et la rĂ©duction de la durĂ©e moyenne des prĂȘts aprĂšs la crise financiĂšre de 2008 changĂšrent les conditions de financement des partenariats public-privĂ©. Les coĂ»ts financiers additionnels liĂ©s Ă  l’élĂ©vation des primes de risque peuvent ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©s comme de nature Ă  mettre en cause l’opportunitĂ© financiĂšre mĂȘme du recours Ă  de tels contrats. Cependant, l’élĂ©vation du surcoĂ»t du financement privĂ© n’est pas le seul effet nĂ©gatif liĂ© Ă  la crise. La difficultĂ© de disposer de financements dont la maturitĂ© est Ă©quivalente Ă  celle du contrat impose de devoir refinancer ce dernier dans le courant de son exĂ©cution. Il en dĂ©coule un risque additionnel dont on ne peut Ă©valuer le coĂ»t potentiel Ă  la signature du contrat. Notre propos dans cette contribution est d’en illustrer les Ă©ventuelles consĂ©quences financiĂšres tant pour le contractant public que pour le contractant privĂ©. Pour des contrats de courte durĂ©e, portant essentiellement sur des missions d’exploitation, une moindre maturitĂ© n’a que peu d’effets sur l’efficacitĂ© financiĂšre. À l’inverse, pour des contrats supposant des montants d’investissements Ă©levĂ©s, une autoritĂ© publique contractante risquophobe, prĂ©fĂšrera opter pour une architecture contractuelle permettant de transfĂ©rer Ă  l’opĂ©rateur privĂ© la charge de ce risque de refinancement.The affordability of public-private partnership contracts mostly depends on the level of their annual financial charge. Therefore, high interest rates and short duration of the loans can outweigh the savings of bundling design, building and operation in the same contract. In order to match the durations of contract and loan, we assume that a refinancing allows for bridging the gap between the initial loan and the end of the contract. As the future cost of refinancing is unknown when signing the contract, we investigate the value for money of refinancing risk borne either by the private sector or by the purchasing authority. We conclude that in operation intensive public-private partnerships, a shorter contract has little effect on the value for money of the project. Conversely, in capital-intensive projects, a risk-adverse purchasing authority should rather choose contracts transferring the refinancing risk to the private sector

    Cryptomelane formation from nanocrystalline vernadite precursor: a high energy X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy perspective on reaction mechanisms

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    International audienceBackground:Vernadite is a nanocrystalline and turbostratic phyllomanganate which is ubiquitous in the environ‑ment. Its layers are built of (MnO6)8− octahedra connected through their edges and frequently contain vacancies and(or) isomorphic substitutions. Both create a layer charge deficit that can exceed 1 valence unit per layer octahedron and thus induces a strong chemical reactivity. In addition, vernadite has a high affinity for many trace elements (e.g., Co, Ni, and Zn) and possesses a redox potential that allows for the oxidation of redox sensitive elements (e.g., As, Cr, Tl). As a result, vernadite acts as a sink for many trace metal elements. In the environment, vernadite is often found associated with tectomanganates (e.g., todorokite and cryptomelane) of which it is thought to be the precursor. The transformation mechanism is not yet fully understood however and the fate of metals initially contained in vernadite structure during this transformation is still debated. In the present work, the transformation of synthetic vernadite (ή‑MnO2) to synthetic cryptomelane under conditions analogous to those prevailing in soils (dry state, room tempera‑ture and ambient pressure, in the dark) and over a time scale of ~10years was monitored using high‑energy X‑ray scattering (with both Bragg‑rod and pair distribution function formalisms) and transmission electron microscopy

    Inference on the Nature and the Mass of Earth's Late Veneer from Noble Metals and Gases

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    Noble metals and gases are very sensitive to the late accretion to the Earth of asteroids and comets. We present mass balance arguments based on these elements that indicate that 0.7E22-2.7E22 kg of extraterrestrial bodies struck the Earth after core formation and that comets comprised less than 1E-5 by mass of the impacting population. These results imply that the dynamics of asteroids and comets changed drastically with time and that biogenic elements and prebiotic molecules were not delivered to the Earth by comets but rather by carbonaceous asteroids.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, submitted to JG
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