Nivel de Inserción Periodontal en Pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo II Controlados y No Diabéticos en el Centro de Salud La Esperanza de la Ciudad de Tacna 2017

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el nivel de inserción periodontal en paciente diabético tipo II controlado y no diabético ,este estudio trasversal tuvo una muestra de 25 pacientes diabéticos tipo II controlados y 25 pacientes no diabético atendidos en el Centro de Salud La Esperanza de la ciudad de Tacna en el año 2017 La distribución por Grupo de estudio según género, donde del total de pacientes diabéticos controlados el 76,00 % pertenece al género femenino, mientras que el 24,00% pertenece al género masculino. Por otro lado, en cuanto al grupo de no diabéticos, del total de ellos el 68,00 % pertenece al género femenino, mientras que el 32,00 % pertenece al género masculino. Al realizar la prueba estadística Chi cuadrado podemos apreciar que no existe diferencia estadística significativa, debido a que el valor p es mayor a 0,05; vale decir que en ambos grupos no predomina algún género. Vale decir que en el grupo de diabéticos controlados predomina la edad entre 50 a 59 años y en el grupo de No diabéticos predomina el grupo entre 30 a 39 años. La edad media corresponde a 44,26 ± 9,064, la edad mínima 30 años y la edad máxima corresponde a 59 años Resultados: En el grupo de diabéticos controlados predomina el nivel Severo y en el grupo de No diabéticos predomina el nivel leve. Realizando la prueba estadística podemos afirmar que existe diferencia estadística significativa (p0,05). Existe diferencia estadística significativa debido a que el valor p es menor a 0,05, vale decir que en el grupo de diabéticos controlados predomina el nivel severo y en el grupo 4 de no diabéticos predomina el nivel leve, solo en el género femenino. No existe diferencia estadística significativa debido a que el valor p es mayor a 0,05, vale decir que en el grupo de diabéticos controlados no existe predominancia de niveles, solo en el género masculino. CONCLUSIONES: El nivel de inserción periodontal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II controlado en su mayoría es severo y en el no diabético es leve a moderado, en cuanto a las características clínicas existe alteración marcada en el grupo diabético controlado atendidos en el Centro de Salud La Esperanza de la ciudad de Tacna 2017; El nivel de inserción periodontal en pacientes diabéticos controlados y no diabéticos predomina en el género femenino y en el grupo de edad entre 50 a 59 años, atendidos en el Centro de Salud La Esperanza de la ciudad de Tacna 2017.(p<0,05)Tesi

REMOTE SENSING EVALUATION OF THE EXPANSION OF THE PALCACOCHA LAKE AND GLACIAL RETREAT IN THE CORDILLERA BLANCA - PERU

The increasing formation of glacial lakes and their expansion in recent years increases the risk of alluviums due to glacial lakes outburst floods in high tropical mountains, such as the one that destroyed part of the city of Huaraz in 1941 in the Cordillera Blanca, of the central Andes of Peru. Given the danger faced by the more than 130,000 people who inhabit the alluvial fan of Quilcay River, were analyzed the interannual variation of the surface of the Palcacocha Lake, the glacial surface of its micro-basin and the variation of the surrounding climate between the years 1984 and 2022, to determine the relationships that would exist between these variables, as an indicator of the risk of flooding due to overflow of the lake. For this, the surface of the lakes and the area of the glacier were calculated with multispectral Landsat images and compared with the result of the processing of meteorological data from the Recuay, Milpo, and Anta stations, using the data obtained from the Google Earth Engine application and data reported in bibliographic sources, for validation. A period of strong expansion of the lake was found until 2012 and a trend of loss of glacier surface; in addition, to a strong relationship between the expansion of the Palcacocha lake and the annual increase in global mean temperature. Likewise, a strong El Niño-Southern Oscillation event led to the growth of Lake Palcacocha due to increased rainfall and greater glacier retreat

The DYMECS project: a statistical approach for the evaluation of convective storms in high-resolution NWP models

A new frontier in weather forecasting is emerging by operational forecast models now being run at convection-permitting resolutions at many national weather services. However, this is not a panacea; significant systematic errors remain in the character of convective storms and rainfall distributions. The DYMECS project (Dynamical and Microphysical Evolution of Convective Storms) is taking a fundamentally new approach to evaluate and improve such models: rather than relying on a limited number of cases, which may not be representative, we have gathered a large database of 3D storm structures on 40 convective days using the Chilbolton radar in southern England. We have related these structures to storm life-cycles derived by tracking features in the rainfall from the UK radar network, and compared them statistically to storm structures in the Met Office model, which we ran at horizontal grid length between 1.5 km and 100 m, including simulations with different subgrid mixing length. We also evaluated the scale and intensity of convective updrafts using a new radar technique. We find that the horizontal size of simulated convective storms and the updrafts within them is much too large at 1.5-km resolution, such that the convective mass flux of individual updrafts can be too large by an order of magnitude. The scale of precipitation cores and updrafts decreases steadily with decreasing grid lengths, as does the typical storm lifetime. The 200-m grid-length simulation with standard mixing length performs best over all diagnostics, although a greater mixing length improves the representation of deep convective storms

The Heritage Landscape of Plymouth, MA Greenway Planning and Cultural Design

In anticipation of the 400th anniversary of the Pilgrim’s landing in 1620, this studio combined greenway planning and cultural landscape design and interpretation to revitalize the public landscape of Plymouth, Massachusetts and convey the significance of these historic places to visitors and residents. Through the use of landscape research combining GIS data and analysis with historical narratives and maps, this fourteen-week senior BSLA capstone studio developed a regional and town-scale greenway plan along with detailed designs of individual public landscapes in historic downtown Plymouth

Online peer assessment in higher education: a systematic review of literature in educational practices

Neste artigo procedemos a uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre Online Peer Assessment (OPA) no Ensino Superior, mediadas por Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TIC). Identificamos suas características, centrais e opcionais e mapeamos exemplos práticos (procedimentos e TIC) de OPA que poderão ser transversais, adaptáveis e aplicáveis em diversas unidades curriculares e regimes educacionais. Os resultados apontam para a utilização da OPA como uma estratégia que potencia a “avaliação para a aprendizagem”. Os referenciais teóricos subjacentes, os métodos de avaliação e os tipos de TIC utilizadas indicam seu direcionamento para um maior envolvimento e responsabilidade do aluno na sua aprendizagem. Evidenciamos na literatura que se busca desenvolver essas competências, dando ao aluno oportunidades com alguma regularidade para autoavaliar-se e avaliar seus pares por meio de feedback construtivo. Há também evidências de que dar ou produzir feedback é mais benéfico para a aprendizagem do que apenas recebê-lo, como também é cognitivamente mais exigente e envolve os alunos de forma mais ativa e os direciona ao pensamento crítico e a processos metacognitivos. A partir dos resultados alcançados, consideramos que a OPA, enquanto ferramenta cognitiva, contribui para a construção do conhecimento e para a reflexão sobre a aprendizagem. Um desafio que se coloca diz respeito ao desenvolvimento criativo com foco na diversificação e na inovação das práticas de avaliação no sentido de potenciar aprendizagens e resultados acadêmicos, em atenção às necessidades de aprendizagem que se manifestam frente às expectativas da educação atual e futura e às exigências da sociedade.In this research a systematic review of literature about Online Peer Assessment (OPA) in higher education, mediated by Information and Communication Technology (ICT), was carried out. Optional and central characteristics and its practices (procedures and ICT) were identified and mapping. These procedures and practices may be transversal, adaptable and applied in several curriculum units and educational regimes. The results point to the use of OPA as a strategy that enhances “assessment for learning”. The theoretical framework, the methods of assessment and the kinds of ICT used indicate directions for greater involvement and responsibility from the part of the student in his/her learning. Theoretical framework identifies the need to develop students’ skills, providing them with opportunities for self-assessment and peer assessment on a regular basis through constructive feedback. There is also evidence that to give or receive feedback is more beneficial for learning than just receiving it. It is also cognitively more demanding and directs the students to critical thinking and metacognitive processes. From the results obtained, OPA is seen as a cognitive tool, contributing to the building of knowledge and to reflection about learning. Issues for further reflection are also identified such as the creative development of assessment methods with a focus on diversity and innovation in order to enhance students’ learning and academic results, taking into account their learning needs in face of the expectations of current and future education and the demands of society.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), PortugalFundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Localization of type 1 diabetes susceptibility to the MHC class I genes HLA-B and HLA-A

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 is associated with susceptibility to more common diseases than any other region of the human genome, including almost all disorders classified as autoimmune. In type 1 diabetes the major genetic susceptibility determinants have been mapped to the MHC class II genes HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 (refs 1-3), but these genes cannot completely explain the association between type 1 diabetes and the MHC region. Owing to the region's extreme gene density, the multiplicity of disease-associated alleles, strong associations between alleles, limited genotyping capability, and inadequate statistical approaches and sample sizes, which, and how many, loci within the MHC determine susceptibility remains unclear. Here, in several large type 1 diabetes data sets, we analyse a combined total of 1,729 polymorphisms, and apply statistical methods - recursive partitioning and regression - to pinpoint disease susceptibility to the MHC class I genes HLA-B and HLA-A (risk ratios >1.5; Pcombined = 2.01 × 10-19 and 2.35 × 10-13, respectively) in addition to the established associations of the MHC class II genes. Other loci with smaller and/or rarer effects might also be involved, but to find these, future searches must take into account both the HLA class II and class I genes and use even larger samples. Taken together with previous studies, we conclude that MHC-class-I-mediated events, principally involving HLA-B*39, contribute to the aetiology of type 1 diabetes. ©2007 Nature Publishing Group

Posttraumatic stress disorder influences the nociceptive and intrathecal cytokine response to a painful stimulus in combat veterans

ObjectiveAlthough posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain frequently occur in tandem, the pathophysiological mechanisms mediating this comorbidity are poorly understood. Because excessive inflammation occurs in both conditions, we examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of inflammatory response mediators interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) after prolonged suprathreshold pain stimulus in 21 male combat veterans; 10 with PTSD and 11 combat controls (CC).MethodsAfter completing baseline quantitative sensory testing (QST) and psychological profiling, all patients received an injection of capsaicin into the quadriceps muscle. Spontaneously reported pain was measured for 30min after the capsaicin injection. The evoked pain measure of temporal summation was tested between 70 and 110min post capsaicin injection. Inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 TNFα) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) CSF cytokines were measured before (baseline) and after capsaicin injection over a time frame of 110min.ResultsFollowing intramuscular capsaicin injection, pro-inflammatory cytokines [TNFα, IL-6, IL-8] significantly increased (percent rise from baseline) in both groups, whereas IL-1β significantly increased in the PTSD group only. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 showed an immediate (within 10min) increase in the CC group; however, the IL-10 increase in the PTSD group was delayed and not consistently elevated until 70min post injection.ConclusionThese findings show significant central nervous system (CNS) differences in the inflammatory response to a deep pain stimulus in combat veterans with and without PTSD. They support the concept that abnormally elevated neuroinflammatory response to pain stimuli may be one CNS mechanism accounting for the high co-occurrence of PTSD and pain