10,346 research outputs found
Braneworlds, Conformal Fields and the Gravitons
We investigate the dynamics of Randall-Sundrum AdS5 braneworlds with
5-dimensional conformal matter fields. In the scenario with a compact fifth
dimension the class of conformal fields with weight -4 is associated with exact
5-dimensional warped geometries which are stable under radion field
perturbations and describe on the brane the dynamics of inhomogeneous dust,
generalized dark radiation and homogeneous polytropic dark energy. We analyse
the graviton mode flutuations around this class of background solutions and
determine their mass eigenvalues and wavefunctions from a Sturm-Liouville
problem. We show that the localization of gravity is not sharp enough for large
mass hierarchies to be generated. We also discuss the physical bounds imposed
by experiments in particle physics, in astrophysics and in precise measurements
of the low energy gravitational interaction.Comment: LaTeX, 9 pages, 2 figures. Based on talk given in the Second
International Conference on Quantum Theories and the Renormalization Group in
Gravity and Cosmology, CSIC and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,
11-15 July 2006. Submitted to be published in the Conference Proceedings, J.
Phys. A: Math. Ge
A strong form of almost differentiability
We present a uniformization of Reeken's macroscopic differentiability (see [5]), discuss its relations to uniform differentiability (see [6]) and classical continuous differentiability, prove the corresponding chain rule, Taylor's theorem, mean value theorem, and inverse mapping theorem. An attempt to compare it with the observability (see [1, 4]) is made too. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.CEOCFCTFEDER/POCT
Braneworlds and Dark Energy
In the Randall-Sundrum scenario, we analyse the dynamics of an AdS5
braneworld when conformal matter fields propagate in five dimensions. We show
that conformal fields of weight -4 are associated with stable geometries which
describe the dynamics of inhomogeneous dust, generalized dark radiation and
homogeneous polytropic dark energy on a spherically symmetric 3-brane embedded
in the compact AdS5 orbifold. We discuss aspects of the radion stability
conditions and of the localization of gravity in the vicinity of the brane.Comment: 12 pages, latex, 3 eps figures. Talk given at the Seventh Workshop on
Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External Conditions, IEEC, CSIC
and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 5-9 September 2005.
Revised version published in the workshop proceedings, J. Phys. A:
Mathematical and General. Typos corrected and some changes introduced for
clarit
Retroreflecting curves in nonstandard analysis
We present a direct construction of retroreflecting curves by means of Nonstandard Analysis. We construct non self-intersecting curves which are of class C(1), except for a hyper-finite set of values, such that the probability of a particle being reflected from the curve with the velocity opposite to the velocity of incidence, is infinitely close to 1. The constructed curves are of two kinds: a curve infinitely close to a straight line and a curve infinitely close to the boundary of a bounded convex set. We shall see that the latter curve is a solution of the problem: find the curve of maximum resistance infinitely close to a given curve.CEOCFCTFEDER/POCT
Development of an efficient finite element model for the dynamic analysis of the train-bridge interaction
The design of high-speed railway bridges comprises a set of demands, from safety
and serviceability aspects, to new types of equipment and construction solutions. In order to perform
an accurate and realistic evaluation of the corresponding dynamic behavior, adequate
analysis tools that take into account the complexity of the train-bridge system are required.
These computational tools must be based on efficient algorithms to allow for the completion of
detailed dynamic analyses in a reasonable amount of time. The classical methods of analysis
may be unsatisfactory in the evaluation of the dynamic effects of the train-bridge system and
fully assessment of the structural safety, track safety and passenger comfort. A direct and versatile
technique for the simulation of the train-bridge interaction was implemented in the FEMIX
code, which is a general purpose finite element computer program. The presented case study is
an application of the proposed formulation, which proved to be very accurate and efficient
Consensus must be found on intravenous fluid therapy management in trauma patients
Introduction: Trauma is an important cause of death among young people and 30-40% of this mortality rate is due to hypovolemic shock, intensified by trauma's lethal triad: Hypothermia, Acidosis, and Coagulopathy. Nurses are responsible for managing fluid therapy administration in trauma victims. The purpose of this study is to analyse the reasons why intravenous fluid therapy is recommended for trauma patients' hemodynamic stabilization.
Methods: This narrative literature review included published and unpublished studies in English, Spanish or Portuguese between 1994 and January 2019. The search results were analyzed by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria encompasses quantitative studies involving trauma victims aged over 18 who underwent fluid therapy in a prehospital assessment context.
Results&Discussion: 11 quantitative studies were included. 9 involved the use of fluid therapy for hypotension treatment and 2 of the studies analyzed involved the use of warmed fluid therapy for hypothermia treatment. The analysis performed reveals that the administration of aggressive fluid therapy seems to be responsible for the worsening of the lethal triad. In the presence of traumatic brain injury, permissive hypotension is not allowed due to the negative impact on cerebral perfusion pressure. Used as warming measure, warmed fluid therapy does not seem to have a significant impact on body temperature.
Conclusions: There is no consensus regarding the administration of fluid therapy to trauma patients. This conclusion clearly supports the need to develop more randomized controlled trials in order to understand the effectiveness of such measure when it comes to control hypovolemia and hypothermia.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Specification of spatial relationships in directed graphs of cell signaling networks
Graph theory provides a useful and powerful tool for the analysis of cellular signaling networks. Intracellular components such as cytoplasmic signaling proteins, transcription factors and genes are connected by links, representing various types of chemical interactions that result in functional consequences. However, these graphs lack important information regarding the spatial distribution of cellular components. The ability of two cellular components to interact depends not only on their mutual chemical affinity but also on co-localization to the same subcellular region. Localization of components is often used as a regulatory mechanism to achieve specific effects in response to different receptor signals. Here we describe an approach for incorporating spatial distribution into graphs, and for the development of mixed graphs where links are specified by mutual chemical affinity as well as colocalization. We suggest that such mixed graphs will provide more accurate descriptions of functional cellular networks and their regulatory capabilities and aid in the development of large-scale predictive models of cellular behavior
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