Fitting and selecting scattering data

The main purpose of scattering experiments is to unveil the underlying structure of the colliding particles and their interaction. Typically one measures scattering observables (cross sections and polarizations) at discrete angles and energies and mutually consistent data may validate or falsify proposed theories or models. However, the accumulation of data from different laboratories while potentially improves the statistical significance it may sometimes generate mutually inconsistent data as a side-effect. Thus, some decision has to be made on what are the maximal amount of data which are mutually compatible. We show elastic $\pi N$ and $NN$ scattering as prominent examples where this selection is called for. We discuss how it can be done in a self-consistent manner invoking a principle of maximal consensus of the database and with the help of a sufficiently flexible model involving a minimal number of theoretical assumptions. In the NN case this has become possible with a combination of long distance field theoretical constraints at the hadronic level such as pion exchanges and electromagnetic effects and a coarse graining of the unknown interaction over the shortest de Broglie wavelength being probed in the scattering process.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, talk presented by ERA at XVII International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure - Hadron2017, Salamanca, 25-29 September 201

Asymptotic analysis of vertical geothermal boreholes in the limit of slowly varyng heat injection rates

Theoretical models for the thermal response of vertical geothermal boreholes often assume that the characteristic time of variation of the heat injection rate is much larger than the characteristic diffusion time across the borehole. In this case, heat transfer inside the borehole and in its immediate surroundings is quasi-steady in the first approximation, while unsteady effects enter only in the far field. Previous studies have exploited this disparity of time scales, incorporating approximate matching conditions to couple the near-borehole region with the outer unsteady temperatura field. In the present work matched asymptotic expansion techniques are used to analyze the heat transfer problem, delivering a rigorous derivation of the true matching condition between the two regions and of the correct definition of the network of thermal resistances that represents the quasi-steady solution near the borehole. Additionally, an apparent temperature due to the unsteady far field is identified that needs to be taken into account by the near-borehole region for the correct computation of the heat injection rate. This temperature differs from the usual mean borehole temperature employed in the literatura

Estudios fenomorfológicos en la vegetación del sur de España. II: Alcornocales mesomediterráneos. (Montes de Málaga, Málaga)

A phenomorphological analysis based on the study of phenological phases for persisting species in a Q. suber community was carried out. In order to do this, data from starting and maintenance of phenophases were taken for each species (flower buds formation, flowering, fruit setting, seed dispersal, brachyblast vegetative growth, dolichoblast vegetative growth, leaf shedding brachyblast and leaf shedding dolichoblast) as well as some ecomorphological characters: life form, seasonality, fruit type and leaf consistency. As an outcome, more favourable and unfavourable seasons for the community and the relation among phenological phases and local climate were characterized. Spring is the most favourable season for the community while Summer is the most unfavourable one. Vegetation shows multiseasonal phenological behaviour. Some species show different phenological pattern from community general pattern.Se describe el comportamiento fenomorfológico de una formación vegetal incluíble en la serie de los alcornocales mesomediterráneos con encinas del sector Malacitano-Axarquiense (Málaga, España). Se realizó un análisis basado en el estudio de las distintas fenofases para los táxones persistentes de la comunidad. Se tomaron para ello los datos de inicio y mantenimiento de cada fenofase (prefloración, floración, fructificación, dispersión, caída de hojas, crecimiento vegetativo) para cada especie y algunos caracteres ecomorfológicos como tipo biológico, estacionalidad, tipo de fruto y tipo de hoja. Como resultado se han caracterizado las estaciones más favorables o desfavorables para la comunidad y la relación entre las fenofases y el clima local. Como conclusión, la estación más favorable para la vegetación estudiada es la Primavera, siendo la más desfavorable el Verano, comportándose la comunidad como multiestacional. Se ha detectado un contingente de especies que muestran un comportamiento distinto respecto a la norma general de la comunidad

Estudios fenomorfológicos en la vegetación del sur de España. III. Comportamiento estacional de una comunidad de badlands (Tabernas, Almería, España)

Phenomorphological behauviour of a badlands community in the southwest ot Iberian Peninsula, is described in this work. An analysis based on the study of phenological phases for persisting species was carried out. Data for starting and maintenance of phenophases were taken for each species ( flower buds formation (PF), flowering (FL), fruit setting (FR), seed dispersal (DS), brachyblast vegetative growth (CVB), dolicoblast vegetative growth (CVD), leaf shedding brachyblast (CHB) and leaf shedding dolicoblast (Cl-ID)) More favourable or unfavourable seasons for biological cycle of the community species and the relation among phenological phases and local climate were characterized. As outcome, the studied community shows a multiseasonal phenological pattern. Spring and summer are the seasons where the greater part ot the phenological changes occur.Se describe el comportamiento fenomorfolágico de una comunidad de badlands del sureste de la Península Ibérica. Se ha realizado un análisis basado en el estudio de las distintas fenofases para los táxones persistentes de la comunidad. Para cada especie se tomaron los datos de inicio y duración de cada fenofase (prefloración, floración, fructificación, dispersión, caida de hojas, crecimiento vegetativo). Se caracterizan las estaciones más favorables o desfavorables para el ciclo biológico de las especies de la comunidad y la relación de las fenofases con el clima local. Se concluye que la comunidad estudiada presenta un comportamiento fenofásico multiestacional, siendo la primavera y el verano donde tienen lugar la mayor parte de los cambios fenofasicos

The teaching of architecture as a result of a misunderstood triad

[ES] El objetivo del artículo es evidenciar el origen y persistencia posterior de un modo de organizar, desde la fragmentación, la enseñanza de la arquitectura. Para ello se desarrolla un análisis de los tratados históricos generalistas destacando las diferencias, por una parte, en la estructura organizativa de los contenidos, por otra, en el enfoque de los fines y los medios de la arquitectura y, finalmente, en su interpretación de la tríada original de Vitruvio. Y es la versión de Perrault en su Abrégé de 1674 la que la tergiversa radicalmente provocando una estructura que aniquila la visión global de la arquitectura. Con él comienza la división en tres partes, construcción, distribución y decoración que influirá en todos los tratados posteriores, salvo en dos autores franceses, que ya a principios y mediados del siglo XIX, la condenaron proponiendo otras alternativas integradoras. Con todo, la fragmentación tripartita, con un claro predominio de la tercera, mantiene firmemente su presencia hasta el siglo XX, e incluso en la actualidad.[EN] The aim of this article is to show the origin and subsequent persistence of a way of organizing, from fragmentation, the teaching of architecture. To this end, an analysis of generalist historical treatises is carried out, highlighting, on one side, the differences in the organizational structure of the contents, on the other, in the approaches to the ends and means of architecture and, finally, in its interpretation of the original Vitruvian Triad. And it is the version of Perrault in his Abrégé of 1674 that radically misunderstood it, creating a structure that destroys the global vision of Architecture. With him begins the division into three parts; construction, distribution and decoration that will influence all subsequent treatises, except for two French authors, who already in the early and mid-nineteenth century rejected it by proposing other integrative alternatives. All in all, tripartite fragmentation, with a clear predominance of the third, firmly maintains its presence until the 20th century, and even today.Onecha Perez, AB.; Gonzalez Moreno-Navarro, JL.; Puntos Pérez, S. (2020). La enseñanza de la Arquitectura como resultado de una tríada tergiversada. VLC arquitectura. Research Journal. 7(2):125-155. https://doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2020.10981OJS12515572Agüera Ruiz, Antonio. Los elementos de la arquitectura por Sir Henry Wotton. Un texto crítico. Valladolid: Universidad de Valladolid, 1997.Alberti, Leon Battista. On the Art of Building in Ten Books. Translated by Joseph Rykwert, Neil Leach, and Robert Tavernor. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1988.Amico, Giovanni Biagio. L'architetto prattico. Palermo: Gio. Battista Aiccardo, 1726.Architektur-Theorie von der Renaissance bis zur Gegenwart. Köln: Taschen, 2003.Blondel, Jacques François. Cours d'architecture, ou Traité de la Decoration, Distribution et Construction des Bâtiments. Paris: Desaint, 1771-1777.Blondel, Jacques François. Discours sur la nécessité de l'étude de l'architecture. Paris: Jombert, 1754.Briseux, Charles-Étienne. Architecture moderne ou l'art de bien bâtir pour toute sorte de personnes tant pour les maisons des particuliers que pou les palais. Paris: Jombert, 1728.Capon, David Smith. Architectural theory. Vol. 1, The Vitruvian fallacy: A history of the categories in Architecture and Philosophy. Chichester, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.Capra, Alessandro. La nuova Architettura civile e militare. Bologna, 1678.Carletti, Niccolò. Istituzioni d'Architettura Civile. Naples, 1772.Choay, Françoise. La règle et le modèle: sur la théorie de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme. 2nd ed. Paris: Seuil, 1996.Comolli, Angelo. Bibliografia storico-critica dell'architettura civile. Vol. 347 and following. Roma, 1788.Durand, Jean Nicolas Louis. Précis des leçons d'architecture données à l'École Royale Polytechnique. Paris: L'auteur, 1802-1805.Durand, Jean Nicolas Louis. Nouveau précis des leçons d'architecture données à l'École Impériale Polytechnique. Paris: L'auteur, 1813.Durand, Jean Nicolas Louis. Précis of the lectures on Architecture. Introduction by Antoine Picon. Translated by David Britt. Los Angeles: The Getty Research Institute, 2000.Fonda, Girolamo. Elementi di architettura civile e militare ad uso del Collegio Nazareno. Roma: Stamperia Mainardi, 1764.Garric, Jean Philippe, Valérie Nègre, and Alice Thomine-Berrada. La Construction savante: les avatars de la littérature technique. Paris: Picard, 2008.Germann, Georg. Einführung in die Geschichte der Architekturtheorie. Darmstadt: Wiss. Buchges., 1987.Gibbs, James, John James, and Nicholas Hawksmoor. The builder's dictionary or, gentleman and architect's companion. London: A. Bettesworth and C. Hitch; and S. Austen, 1734.González Moreno-Navarro, José Luis. "Arquitectura y construcción en tratados y manuales: un estudio sobre el proceso de desvinculación de los contenidos de construcción en los tratados de arquitectura de los siglos XVI al XIX." PhD diss., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 1987.González Moreno-Navarro, José Luis. El legado oculto de Vitruvio: saber constructivo y teoría arquitectónica. Madrid: Alianza, 1993.Hearn, Fil. Ideas that shaped buildings. Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2003.Hitchcock, H. R. Architecture: nineteenth and twentieth centuries. 3rd ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968.Kruft, Hanno Walter. Geschichte der Architekturtheorie: von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. München: C.H. Beck, 1985.Laugier, Marc-Antoine. Essai sur l'architecture. Paris: Duchesne, 1753.Le Muet, Pierre. Maniere de bastir pour touttes sortes de personnes. Paris: Melchior Tavernier, 1623.Leoncini, Giuseppe. Instruttioni architettoniche pratiche. Roma: Matteo Gregorio Rossi, 1679.Lemerle, Frédérique. "Présentation scientifique sur, Abrégé des dix livres d'Architecture." In Architectura, Textes et images en France. XVIe-XVIIe siècles. Centre d'Études Supérieures de la Renaissance. Accessed july 22, 2020. http://architectura.cesr.univ-tours.fr/Traite/Notice/PerraultCl1674.asp?param=.Leoni, Giacomo. The architecture of A. Palladio; in four books. London: John Watts, 1715.Leoni, Giacomo. The Architecture of Leon Battista Alberti in ten books. London: Thomas Edlin, 1726.Lucan, Jacques. Composition, non-composition: architecture et théories, XIXe-XXe siècles. Lausanne: Presses Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes, 2009.Masi, Girolamo. Teoria e pratica di architettura per istruzione della gioventù specialmente romana. Roma: Antonio Fulgoni, 1788.Memmo, Andrea. Elementi d'architettura lodoliana ossia l'arte del fabbricare con solidità scientifica e con eleganza non capricciosa. Zara: Fratelli Battara, 1833.Milizia, Francesco. Principj di Architettura Civile. Finale: Jacopo de' Rossi, 1781.Morgan, Morris Hicky. Vitruvius, The Ten Books on Architecture. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1914.Moxon, Joseph. Mechanick Exercises: or The doctrine of handy-works: applied to the arts of smithing, joinery, carpentry, turning, bricklayery. Londres: Dan. Widwinter and Tho. Leigh, 1703.Neve, Richard. The city and country purchaser's and builder's dictionary: or, The complete builder's guide. 3rd ed. London: B. Sprint, D. Browne, J. Osborn, S. Birt, H. Lintot, and A. Wilde, 1736.Nicholson, Peter. The Principles of Architecture. London, 1795-1798.Onecha, Belen, "Una nueva aproximación al De re aedificatoria de Leon Battista Alberti: los conocimientos constructivos y sus fuentes." PhD diss., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012.Palladio, Andrea. I Quattro libri dell'architettura. Venice: Dominico de' Franceschi, 1570.Palladio, Andrea. The Four Books of Architecture. Translated by Isaac Ware. London, 1738. With a new introduction by Adolf K. Placzek. New York: Dover, 1965.Patte, Pierre. Mémoires sur les objets les plus importans de l'architecture. Paris: Rozet, 1769.Perrault, Claude. Abrégé des dix livres d'architecture de Vitruve. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Coignard, 1674.Perrault, Claude. Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire naturelle des animaux. Paris: Impr. Royal, 1676. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.151067Perrault, Claude. An abridgment of the architecture of Vitruvius: containing a system of the whole works of that author / illustrated with divers copper plates, curiously engraved; with a table of explanation, to which is in this edition the etymology and derivation of the terms used in architecture; first done in french by Monsr Perrault ... and now englished, with additions. London: Abel Swall and T. 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Adaptive and architecture-independent task granularity for recursive applications

In the last few decades, modern applications have become larger and more complex. Among the users of these applications, the need to simplify the process of identifying units of work increased as well. With the approach of tasking models, this want has been satisfied. These models make scheduling units of work much more user-friendly. However, with the arrival of tasking models, came granularity management. Discovering an application’s optimal granularity is a frequent and sometimes challenging task for a wide range of recursive algorithms. Often, finding the optimal granularity will cause a substantial increase in performance. With that in mind, the quest for optimality is no easy task. Many aspects have to be considered that are directly related to lack or excess of parallelism in applications. There is no general solution as the optimal granularity depends on both algorithm and system characteristics. One commonly used method to find an optimal granularity consists in experimentally tuning an application with different granularities until an optimal is found. This paper proposes several heuristics which, combined with the appropriate monitoring techniques, allow a runtime system to automatically tune the granularity of recursive applications. The solution is independent of the architecture, execution environment or application being tested. A reference implementation in OmpSs—a task-parallel programming model—shows the programmability, ease of use and competitive performance of the proposed solution. Results show that the proposed solution is able to achieve, for any scenario, at least 75% of the performance of optimally tuned applications.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (contract TIN2015-65316), the grant SEV-2015-0493 of Severo Ochoa Program awarded by the Spanish Government, and by Generalitat de Catalunya (contract 2014-SGR-1051)Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Estudios fenomorfológicos en la vegetación del Sur de España I. Cistus L.

Se describe el comportamiento fenomorfológico de cinco especies de Cistus L. (C. ladanifer L., C. populifolius L. subsp. major (Pourret ex Dunal) Heywood, C. albidus L., C. monspeliensis L. y C. salvifolius L.) presentes en la serie de los alcornocales con encinas del sector Malacitano-Axarquiense (Málaga, España). Se discute el comportamiento fenológico y se comparan los resultados con los ya obtenidos en otras zonas del área mediterránea

Atención a la salud mental en adolescentes en conflicto con la ley: Una revisión comparativa de Brasil y España

A descriptive comparative study of mental health care policies focused on adolescents in conflict with the law in Brazil and Spain was conducted. The search was performed in Google Academic, Medline and Scopus databases using two comprehensive search strategies were used. Three main categories were identified to define and analyze mental health care policies focused on adolescents in conflict with the law in Brazil and Spain: 1) models of health care and mental health, 2) health care networks child and adolescent mental health, and 3) mental health care for adolescents in conflict with the law. Spanish and Brazilian child and adolescent mental health systems are not yet consolidated, nor do they have sufficient resources to meet the needs of the population

Microglial response differences between amyloidogenic transgenic models and Alzheimer’s disease patients

Aims: The continuing failure to develop an effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) reveals the complexity for AD pathology. Increasing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation involving particularly microglial cells contributes to disease pathogenesis. Here we analyze the differences in the microglial response between APP/PS1 model and human brains. Methods: RT-PCR, western blots, and immunostaining were performed in the hippocampus of human post mortem samples (from Braak II to Braak V-VI) and APP751SL/PS1M146L mice. In vitro studies to check the effect of S1 fractions on microglial cells were assayed. Results: In APP based models the high Abeta accumulation triggers a prominent microglial response. On the contrary, the microglial response detected in human samples is, at least, partial or really mild. This patent difference could simple reflect the lower and probably slower Abeta production observed in human hippocampal samples, in comparison with models or could reflect the consequence of a chronic long-standing microglial activation. However, beside this differential response, we also observed a prominent microglial degenerative process in Braak V-VI samples that, indeed, could compromise their normal role of surveying the brain environment and respond to the damage. This microglial degeneration, particularly relevant at the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation, might be mediated by the accumulation of toxic soluble phospho-tau species. Conclusions: These differences need to be considered when delineating animal models that better integrate the complexity of AD pathology and, therefore, guarantee clinical translation. Correcting dysregulated brain inflammatory responses might be a promising avenue to restore cognitive function. Supported by grants FIS PI15/00796 and FIS PI15/00957 co-financed by FEDER funds from European Union, and by Junta de Andalucia Proyecto de Excelencia CTS385 2035.Financiado por FIS PI15/00796 y FIS PI15/0095, cofinanciado por los fondos FEDER de la Unión Europea, y por Junta de Andalucia Proyecto de Excelencia CTS385 2035. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech