Mucoviscosity Determination and Detection of magA and rmpA Genes in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Northern Iran

Objective: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen with several pathogenic factors including capsular type and the presence of magA and rmpA genes. The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of magA and rmpA genes and mucoviscosity among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae, to determine the virulence of local strains of this bacterium. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, during 2015, a total of 65 capsulated K. pneumoniae were isolated and identified from urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Rasht, using microbiological test and CPS gene amplification in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Mucoviscosity of test bacteria measured by string test and the presence of magA and rmpA genes detected in PCR using specific primers. Results: All of 65 isolates of K. pneumoniae recognized as CPS positive in PCR assay. Out of them, 22 (33.48%) strains showed an HV-positive phenotype. The presence of magA gene was confirmed in 2 (3.07%) isolates and 10 (15.38%) isolates were positive for the presence of rmpA gene. Also, 8 of the rmpA-positive and the 2 magA-positive isolates showed hypermucoviscous phenotypes. Conclusion: Presence of virulence genes magA and rmpA and relatively high prevalence of hypermucoviscosity (HV) in local K. pneumoniae strains, clarifies the importance of rapid diagnosis and suitable treatment of infections caused by this bacterium in the prevention of complicated clinical infections

Blood biochemical parameters of broilers fed differently thermal processed soybean meal

ABSTRACT Objective. A 42-days feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the influences of differently thermal processed soybean meal on the broilers blood biochemical parameters. Materials and methods. A total of 200 male birds of Ross strain were allocated into five different diets formulated using differently heat-treated soybean meals, with ten birds per treatment and per replicate. Diets contained: raw soybean (controls), autoclaved for a short (121°C, 20 min; Aut1 group) or medium length period (121°C, 30 min; Aut2 group) soybean meal, micro-waved soybean meal (46°C, 540 Watt, 7 min; McW group) and browned soybean meal (120°C, 20 min; Brn group). Results. Blood serum metabolites showed that all treated diets presented lower lipid metabolism makers and higher protein metabolism markers. Broilers showed increased final body weight when fed heat-treated meals compared with control. Results suggested that thermal treatments altered the lipid metabolism in broilers that might originate a decrease in abdominal fat deposition. Conclusions. Comparison of the results for all the treated groups showed the Aut2 treatment is the most suitable method for soybean thermal treatment processing; in contrast, the Aut1 treatment had the closest results to the control group

Blood biochemical parameters of broilers fed differently thermal processed soybean meal

Objective. A 42-days feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the influences of differently thermal processed soybean meal on the broilers blood biochemical parameters. Materials and methods. A total of 200 male birds of Ross strain were allocated into five different diets formulated using differently heat-treated soybean meals, with ten birds per treatment and per replicate. Diets contained: raw soybean (controls), autoclaved for a short (121°C, 20 min; Aut1 group) or medium length period (121°C, 30 min; Aut2 group) soybean meal, micro-waved soybean meal (46°C, 540 Watt, 7 min; McW group) and browned soybean meal (120°C, 20 min; Brn group). Results. Blood serum metabolites showed that all treated diets presented lower lipid metabolism makers and higher protein metabolism markers. Broilers showed increased final body weight when fed heat-treated meals compared with control. Results suggested that thermal treatments altered the lipid metabolism in broilers that might originate a decrease in abdominal fat deposition. Conclusions. Comparison of the results for all the treated groups showed the Aut2 treatment is the most suitable method for soybean thermal treatment processing; in contrast, the Aut1 treatment had the closest results to the control group.Objetivo. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de 42 días para determinar la influencia de la introducción de harina de soja sometida a diferentes procesos térmicos sobre los parámetros sanguíneos bioquímicos de pollos de engorde. Materiales y métodos. Un total de 200 pollos machos, de raza Ross, fueron asignados a cinco dietas equivalentes conteniendo harina de soja sometida a diferentes tratamientos térmicos, creando grupos de10 aves por cada tratamiento y por replicado. Los tratamientos térmicos fueron: harina de soja en bruto (Grupo control), harina de soja en autoclave durante un período de tiempo corto (121°C, 20 min; Grupo Aut1) o medio (121°C, 30 minutos; Grupo Aut2), harina de soja irradiado en el microondas (46°C, 540 Watts, 7 min; Grupo McW) y harina tostada de soja (120°C, 20 min; Grupo Brn). Resultados. Todos los grupos de tratamiento mostraron una disminución delos niveles de los marcadores de metabolismo de los lípidos y un aumento del metabolismo de la proteína circulante, en comparación con el grupo control. Los pollos alimentados con dietas conteniendo soja tratada mostraron además un aumento en su peso corporal final, en comparación con los del control. Los resultados sugieren que los tratamientos térmicos interfieren con el metabolismo de los lípidos, lo que puede originar una menor deposición de grasa abdominal en los pollos. Conclusiones. La comparación de los datos obtenidos para los diferentes tratamientos térmicos identifica el tratamiento en autoclave (Aut2) como el método más adecuado para el procesamiento de la soja. En contraste, el tratamiento en autoclave (Aut1) demostró ser el método con resultados más semejantes a los del control