EFEK MEDIASI PARALEL INTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL DAN ADVERSITY INTELLIGENCE PADA PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA (SURVEI PADA SMK SE-KOTA MAKASSAR)

Tingginya jumlah pengangguran terbuka lulusan SMK di Indonesia menjadi masalah yang harus diselesaikan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat ditempuh yaitu dengan meningkatkan jumlah wirausaha lulusan, namun terlebih dahulu perlu dilakukan analisis aspek-aspek yang terkait dengan peningkatan minat berwirausaha siswa SMK, sehingga lulusan potensial untuk berwirausaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji Theory of Planned Behaviour dengan mengetahui dan menganalisis efek mediasi internal locus of control dan adversity intelligence pada pengaruh pengetahuan kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Explanatory Survey Method dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Responden sebagai sampel penelitian ini yaitu siswa SMK sebanyak 368 orang yang berasal dari 26 SMK di Kota Makassar. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) dengan menggunakan software Macro PROCESS dari Hayes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pengetahuan kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha tidak memiliki pengaruh langsung, sebab secara positif dan signifikan pengaruh pengetahuan kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha dimediasi oleh variable internal locus of control dan adversity intelligence. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa untuk meningkatkan minat berwirausaha, maka dalam proses transfer pengetahuan kewirausahaan melalui proses pembelajaran di SMK perlu ditekankan pada upaya peningkatan internal locus of control dan adversity intelligence siswa. Kata kunci : Pengetahuan kewirausahaan, internal locus of control, adversity intelligence dan minat berwirausaha. ABSTRACT Nur Amin MT (1707470), Parallel Effect of Internal Locus of Control and Adversity Intelligence on the Effect of Entrepreneurial Knowledge on Student Entrepreneurial Intention (Survey on Vocational Schools in Makassar). Advisor Lecturer Prof. Dr. H. Nanang Fattah, M.Pd and Dr. Kusnendi, M.S. The high number of open unemployment graduates of Vocational High Schools in Indonesia is a problem that must be resolved. One effort that can be taken is to increase the number of entrepreneurial graduates, but it is first necessary to analyze the aspects related to increasing the interest in entrepreneurship of vocational students, so that potential graduates become entrepreneurs. Theory Planned of Behavior by studying and analyzing the mediating effects of internal locus of control and adversity intelligence on understanding entrepreneurial knowledge on student entrepreneurial intention. The method used in this study is the Exploration Survey Method using quantitative. Respondents as the sample of this study were 368 vocational students from 26 vocational schools in Makassar. Data processing techniques using Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) using Macro PROCESS software from Hayes. Research results about government leadership about companies affecting, positive levels and leadership about the personality is intended with the guideline of problems at the local level and our intellectual control. This finding increases entrepreneurial motivation, so in the process of entrepreneurship knowledge transfer through the learning process in Vocational Schools needs to be emphasized in efforts to increase internal locus of control and student adversity intelligence. Keywords: Entrepreneurial knowledge, internal locus of control, adversity intelligence and entrepreneurial intention

Analisa Kekerasan Pada Pengecoran Aluminium Terhadap Proses Artificial Aging Dengan Variasi Suhu (150˚C,175˚C,200˚C)

Casting is a metal smelting process by melting and then poured into a mold and allowed to freeze. The metal used in this study is Aluminum because it has a light density, corrosion resistant and easy to obtain From the EDX test results, it was found that the elements contained in the cast product were (Al) 70.03%, (C) 13.24%, (Si) 10.15, (Fe) 1.17%. , (Ni) 2.75%, (Cu) 2.48%. Judging from the elements that exist, it can be classified as Aluminum Alloy (Al-Si) The results of the research on SEM testing of the most dominant element is Aluminum (Al). In the morphological structure photo, the variation of Aging 150˚C shows that the crystal structure is bigger than the aging variation 175˚C and 200˚C. It can be concluded that the higher the hardness value, the more small crystal shape Analysis of the data shows that the value of the Rockwell hardness test results at Aging 150˚C is 69.11HRB. While at Aging 175˚C is 74.46HRB, and the highest value of violence occurs at Aging 200˚C that is 80.36HRB

CREATIVE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT BASED ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING IN DEVELOPING LOCAL ECONOMY IN PAREPARE CITY

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the development of creative industries, the usefulness of the implementation of entrepreneurship training, the factors that support and inhibit, and formulate a creative industry development strategy based on entrepreneurship training in an effort to develop local economic areas in the city of Parepare. This research is a type of evaluation research using a qualitative approach. This research was conducted in Parepare Town of South Sulawesi. The subjects of the study were the participants of entrepreneurship training in Kota Parepare, and the Department of Manpower of Parepare City as the manager and implementer of training through UPTD BLK Kota Parepare. Data collection techniques used are Document study, observation, and interview. Data analysis techniques include: (a) Data processing, which consists of categorization and data reduction, (b) data presentation, (c) data interpretation, and (d) drawing conclusions/verifications. The results show that (1) The development of creative industries through entrepreneurship training includes: Information and Communication Technology, Garment Apparel, Beauty, Building, Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Refrigeration, Manufacturing Engineering, and Welding Technique; (2) The usefulness of the implementation of entrepreneurship training that can shorten the learning period, improve business performance, establish attitudes, help solve business operational problems, prepare entrepreneurs to acquire expertise in certain fields, and produce output that has the ability and knowledge that qualified (3) There are several factors that support and hinder the development of creative industries through entrepreneurship training in developing creative industries, both internal and external factors, and (4) development strategy based creative industry entrepreneurship in an effort to develop the local economy of recruitment and selection of trainees, selection of training instructors, the provision of facilities and infrastructure, curriculum development, and the provision of funds or training budgets

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection

Background End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001). Conclusion Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone

Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berbasis Capacity Building terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa (Suatu Studi pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Makassar)

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh permasalahan rendahnya motivasi awal mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Makassar dalam berwirausaha setelah mengikuti pembelajaran kewirausahaan, disebabkan karena mahasiswa hanya ingin mendapatkan nilai yang baik dan untuk memenuhi syarat lulus mata kuliah, sehingga karakter kewirausahaan mahasiswa tidak terbentuk dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, peneliti merasa perlu melakukan penelitian untuk lebih lanjut mengetahui pembentukan karakter kewirausahaan mahasiswa setelah diterapkannya pembelajaran kewirausahaan berbasis capacity building. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis capacity building terhadap pembentukan karakter kewirausahaan mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian exspost facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa pendidikan ekonomi angkatan 2014 dan 2015 sebanyak 166 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, dokumentasi, kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai t hitung sebesar 5,758, sedangkan nilai t tabel adalah 1,974 yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan t hitung (t hitung > t tabel), artinya, terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel pembelajaran berbasis capacity building (X) terhadap pembentukan karakter kewirausahaan mahasiswa (Y). Sedangkan dari hasil analisis koefisien determinasi diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,168, artinya bahwa variasi perubahan karakter berwirausaha (Y) dipengaruhi oleh perubahan variabel bebas pembelajaran berbasis capacity building (X) sebesar 16,8 %. Sedangkan sisanya 83,2% dipengaruhi oleh factor lain diluar pembelajaran berbasis capacity building. Kata Kunci : Pembelajaran berbasis capacity building, pembelajaran kewirausahaan, karakter kewirausahaa

Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study

Background Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. Methods We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). Findings In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683–0·717]). Interpretation In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. Funding British Journal of Surgery Society