Pengaruh Dukungan Kelompok Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penderita Diabetes Melitus Di Persadia Cabang Surakarta

Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem. Diabetes mellitus can be serious and lead to chronic conditions that endanger if not treated. It gives effect to the quality of life of patients with DM. Interviews showed that Persadia members active in Surakarta branch has a health condition and quality of life is further improved compared with DM patients who are not actively participating or not at all health conditions and quality of life to decrease. This study aimed to analyze the influence of support groups on quality of life in patients with DM Surakarta branch Persadia. This study was a correlational analytical survey. The samples are 74 people with diabetes mellitus who were active in Persadia with the determination of purposive sampling techniques. The date collection used questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis. The study showed that (1) average price in DM patients support groups active in Persadia Surakarta branch of 66.19, (2) the average quality of life of people with diabetes who were active in Persadia Surakarta branch of 88.51, and (3) there was a positive relationship between the group support with quality of life in patients with DM in Surakarta branch Persadia (p-value = 0.017), hence, the better the group support, the quality of life of people with DM is increasing

Antiangiogenic Effect of Ficus deltoidea Jack Standardised Leaf Extracts

Purpose: To standardise the methanol and aqueous extracts of Ficus deltoidea leaf by developing a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for determination of the ursolic acid content and to investigate their antiangiogenic activity.Methods: To prepare the water extract (FD-A), the powder of the plant was extracted with water under reflux for 24 h at 50 ˚C. The methanol extract (FD-M) was prepared using Soxhlet extractor for 24 h at 50 ˚C. The extracts were standardised for ursolic acid content by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), as well as by total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Antiangiogenic activity was studied using ex vivo rat aortic rings and in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis models. The anti-proliferative effect of the extracts against normal human endothelial cells and two cancer cell lines was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results: In rat aortic rings, methanol and water extracts inhibited the outgrowth of microvessels with IC50 values of 48.2 ± 1.1 and 62.7 ± 1.4 μg ml-1, respectively. Methanol and water extracts at doses of 100 μg disc-1 also inhibited vascularisation of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane with inhibition values of of 62.0 ± 6.3 and 43.3 ± 4.8 %, respectively. In addition, both extracts showed potent cytotoxicity against breast and colon cancer cells while demonstrating non-cytotoxic activity against normal endothelial cells. Furthermore, the two extracts showed relatively high concentration of ursolic acid, total phenolics and flavonoids associated with potent antiangiogenic activity.Conclusion: The inhibition of angiogenesis by F. deltoidea extracts may be attributed to the relatively high ursolic acid content as well as the presence of antioxidant compounds of phenolics and flavonoids in the extracts.Keywords: Ficus deltoidea, Antiangiogenesis, Ursolic acid, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidan

Evaluation Of The Essential Oil Of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill (Fennel) Fruits Extracted By Three Different Extraction Methods By Gc/Ms

Background: Hydrodistillation (HD) and steam-distillation, or solvent extraction methods of essential oils have some disadvantages like thermal decomposition of extracts, its contamination with solvent or solvent residues and the pollution of residual vegetal material with solvent which can be also an environmental problem. Thus, new green techniques, such as supercritical fluid extraction and microwave assisted techniques, are potential solutions to overcome these disadvantages.Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. Piperitum fruits extracted by three different extraction methods viz. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using CO2, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and hydro-distillation (HD) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).Results: The results revealed that both MAE and SFE enhanced the extraction efficiency of the interested components. MAE gave the highest yield of oil as well as higher percentage of Fenchone (28%), whereas SFE gave the highest percentage of anethol (72%).Conclusion: Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) not only enhanced the essential oil extraction but also saved time, reduced the solvents use and produced, ecologically, green technologies.Keywords: Foeniculum vulgare subsp. Piperitum, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), Essential Oils,Anethol, Fenchone, Limonene, Pinene, GC/MS

Literatur review: diet dan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi

Hipertensi adalah penyakit tidak menular terbanyak di dunia. Hipertensi merupakan kondisi tekanan darah yang berada di atas normal yaitu siastolik ? 140 mmHg dan diastolik ? 90 mmHg. Tekanan darah sistolik adalah tekanan saat jantung memompa darah ke seluruh tubuh. Tekanan darah diastolik adalah tekanan terendah di antara kontraksi (jantung beristirahat ketika jantung dalam keadaan rileks sambil mengisi ulang biliknya dengan darah). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persamaan ,pada perbedaan referensi atau jurnal yang dipilih untuk diketahui tentang diet dan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Jenis pada metode penelitian ini menggunakan literature review.Pencarian jurnal dilakukan pada portal jurnal online seperti Google Scholar,PubMed. Hasil penelusuran jurnal didaptkan 7 jurnal pada penelitian ini. Hasil keseluruhan pencarian 2 database terdapat 20.065 artikel. Setelah di screening judul dan relevan abstrak diperoleh 7 jurnal yang membuktikan bahwa adanya diet dan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Hasil dari 7 artikel yang telah dilakukan review seluruhnya membuktikan bahwa pola diet terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Modifikasi diet atau pengaturan diet sangat penting bagi penderita hipertensi,selain itu tujuan utama dari pengaturan diet hipertensi ialah mengatur tentang makanan sehat yang dapat mengontrol tekanan darah tinggi dan mengurangi penyakit kardiovaskuler

Reasons for choosing medicine and career suitability among medical students

Choosing a course to pursue is an important decision for students to make. A suitable career should correspond to the students’ personalitiy for future work satisfaction and success. The objectives of this study were to determine the students’ reasons for choosing medicine, their personality traits and aptitude (suitability). This was a cross-sectional study involving all third-year medical students at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used, which included questions on demographic data, Sidek Career Interest Inventory and reasons for choosing medicine. The inventory was used to measure the students’ personality traits and career suitability. A total of 80 students participated in the study. Majority of them were females (n=56, 70.0%). The findings showed that 45.7% (n=44) of the repondents chose medicine because of ‘passion and interest’, while 24.7% (n=20) and 19.8% (n=16) because of ‘parental influence’ and ‘to help the society’, respectively. For medicine, two personality traits are essential which are investigative and social personality traits. Approximately, 47.5% (n=38) of the respondents had high scores in investigative personality trait. However, only 13.8% (n=11) of them had high scores in social personality trait. Only 12.5% (n=10) of the students had high scores when combining both of the traits. Majority of the students chose medicine for altruistic reasons. However, only a few of them had suitable aptitude for this course namely investigative and social skill. Therefore, the students and the teachers need to be aware of these issues and cultivate the required skills in the students for better career outcome

FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PRAKTIK PASIEN DIABETES TERHADAP DIABETIK NEUROPATI, NEFROPATI DAN RETINOPATI

Background: The contribution of potential knowledge, attitudes and practices related to microvascular complications of diabetes is a determinant factor to consider. Objectives: Research is projected to determine the prevalence of DM characteristics and microrvascular complications, the potential for KAP to complications, health-seeking behaviors, follow-up problems, stigma and sources of information. Method: The cross-sectional approach is the main choice of research design in this study. This study took place in February – November 2021 which succeeded in recruiting the research subjects of 375 patients in Makassar City with diabetes observed. Results: The characteristics of DM type in this study included 3 types (DM type 1, DM type 2 and gestational DM), which were dominated by DM type 2, 310 (82.23%), followed by DM type 1, 59 (15.65%) and the smallest was Gestational diabetes 6 (2.12%) from 375 patients. The correlation of significance between quality of life and DM was shown to have positive values in aspects of knowledge and practice (r = 0.1; p = 0.002 ; r = 0.3;  p=0.02), only the negative attitude aspect (r=-0.2;  p=0.002). The correlation of knowledge of DM patients is directly proportional to the absence of: microvascular complications of diabetes (5.10 ± 2.64 versus 1.12 ± 0.33;  P<0.001), coronary artery disease (3.69 ± 2.65 versus 2.08 ± 2.25;  P<0.001), dyslipidemia (2.85 ± 2.58 versus 1.89 ± 2.07; p<0.001), hypertension (2.86 ± 2.62 versus 1.98 ± 2.11; p<0.001). Conclusion: This study provides invaluable information in helping to design and develop a supporting program model to educate and train DM patients and health workers professionally, especially in health service facilities in Makassar City in order to minimize the development of microvascular complications of diabete

Leaf-applied sodium chloride promotes cadmium accumulation in durum wheat grain

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in durum wheat grain is a growing concern. Among the factors affecting Cd accumulation in plants, soil chloride (Cl) concentration plays a critical role. The effect of leaf NaCl application on grain Cd was studied in greenhouse-grown durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. durum, cv. Balcali-2000) by immersing (10 s) intact flag leaves into Cd and/or NaCl-containing solutions for 14 times during heading and dough stages. Immersing flag leaves in solutions containing increasing amount of Cd resulted in substantial increases in grain Cd concentration. Adding NaCl alone or in combination with the Cd-containing immersion solution promoted accumulation of Cd in the grains, by up to 41%. In contrast, Zn concentrations of grains were not affected or even decreased by the NaCl treatments. This is likely due to the effect of Cl complexing Cd and reducing positive charge on the metal ion, an effect that is much smaller for Zn. Charge reduction or removal (CdCl2 0 species) would increase the diffusivity/lipophilicity of Cd and enhance its capability to penetrate the leaf epidermis and across membranes. Of even more significance to human health was the ability of Cl alone to penetrate leaf tissue and mobilize and enhance shoot Cd transfer to grains, yet reducing or not affecting Zn transfer

Pengalaman Perawat Menggunakan Ilmu Dasar Keperawatan Dalam Melakukan Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Penyakit Kronis

Ilmu dasar keperawatan merupakan suatu bentuk layanan kesehatan professional yang merupakan bagian integral dari layanan kesehatan yang dilandaskan pada ilmu dan kiat. Keperawatan dalam bentuk layanan bio, psiko, sosio, dan spiritual yang komprehensif dan ditujukan untuk individu, keluarga, dan masyarakat, baik dalam keadaan sehat atau pun sakit dan mencakup seluruh proses kehidupan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar. Pendekatan biomedis merupakan ilmu yang mendukung perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan dengan model biomedis dari praktik klinik telah mempengaruhi perawatan kesehatan, model ini sering digunakan pada masalah-masalah kesehatan. Anatomi fisiologis manusia adalah komponen penting dalam keperawatan, teori ini mempelajari tentang ilmu yang menangani praktik klinis. Pengetahuan anatomi juga memberikan jaminan untuk praktik klinis dan prosedur invasif kompetensi perawat. Penelitian terdahulu mengatakan bahwa pedoman klinis dapat dikembangkan secara sistematis yang dapat membantu tim kesehatan dan pasien untuk membuat keputusan yang tepat tentang kondisi atau perawatan khusus. Pengobatan farmakologis dapat diberikan untuk memberikan intervensi yang ditargetkan sesuai dengan cara kerja tubuh pasien. Ilmu fisiologi merupakan elemen kunci dari pendidikan keperawatan, dimana perawat harus menunjukan relevansi biosains dengan praktik klinik. Studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti tanggal kepada 2 perawat yang berada diruang penyakit kronis RSUD dr.Soedomo Trenggalek menunjukan bahwa perawat masih belum mengetahui secara tepat mengenai pengaplikasian ilmu dasar terhadap proses asuhan keperawatan pasien penyakit kronis yang meliputi pengkajian, diagnosa, perencanaan, implementasi, evaluasi.vii Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengalaman perawat menggunakan ilmu dasar dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan pasien penyakit kronis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi agar dapat memahami secara mendalam tentang fenomena pengalaman perawat dalam menggunakan ilmu dasar keperawatan. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 perawat yang bekerja di ruang penyakit kronis dengan lama bekerja >5 tahun. Kriteria dari partisipan adalah sebagai berikut : (1) berusia lebih 25 tahun, (2) bekerja diruang penyakit kronis lebih dari 5 tahun, (3) bersedia menjadi partisipan dengan menandatangani informed consent, (4) sehat secara fisik dan mental, (5) mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara in-depth interview secara langsung (face to face) dengan tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Data hasil wawancara selanjutnya di analisis menggunakan teknik interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Hasil yang di dapat dari penelitian ini adalah munculnya 6 tema yang tersusun 19 sub tema dan 54 kategori. Tema tersebut yaitu : proses pengumpulan data pasien lebih terarah dan terorganisir, menegakan diagnosa, menentukan rencana keperawatan, landasan dalam melakukan tindakan keperawatan, memberikan dasar terhadap pemantauan dan tindak lanjut suatu intervensi, dan sinergi antar teamwork dalam menyelesaikan masalah pasien. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi gambaran perawat dalam menerapkan Ilmu dasar keperawatan dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan yang telah menjadi pedoman dasar dalam perawat mengetahui kondisi kesehatan dari pasien dan pedoman dalam menjalankan asuhan keperawatan. Kesimpulan: pengalaman perawat dalam menggunakan ilmu dasar keperawatan dalam praktik keperawatan menjadi hal yang penting bagi perawat. Ilmu dasar keperawatan telah menjadi pedoman dasar dalam perawat mengetahui kondisi kesehatan dari pasien dan pedoman dalam menjalankan asuhan keperawatan. Sesuai dengan hasil penelitian diharapkan perawat dapat mengimplementasikan ilmu dasar keperawatan dengan baik agar dapat mengidentifikasi proses penyakit kronik yang sedang diderita oleh pasien. Rumah sakit juga perlu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan skill yang dimiliki oleh perawat melalui pendidikan keperawatan berkelanjuta

Melanoides tuberculata as intermediate host of Philophthalmus gralli in Brazil

Melanoides tuberculata that naturally harbored trematode larvae were collected at the Pampulha dam, Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil), during malacological surveys conducted from 2006 to 2010. From 7,164 specimens of M. tuberculata collected, 25 (0.35%) were infected by cercariae, which have been morphologically characterized as belonging to the Megalurous group, genus Philophthalmus. Excysted metacercariae were used for successful experimental infection of Gallus gallus domesticus, and adult parasites recovered from the nictitating membranes of chickens were identified as Philophthalmus gralli. This is the first report of P. gralli in M. tuberculata in Brazil