Measurement of the atmospheric muon depth intensity relation with the NEMO Phase-2 tower

The results of the analysis of the data collected with the NEMO Phase-2 tower, deployed at 3500 m depth about 80 km off-shore Capo Passero (Italy), are presented. Cherenkov photons detected with the photomultipliers tubes were used to reconstruct the tracks of atmospheric muons. Their zenith-angle distribution was measured and the results compared with Monte Carlo simulations. An evaluation of the systematic effects due to uncertainties on environmental and detector parameters is also included. The associated depth intensity relation was evaluated and compared with previous measurements and theoretical predictions. With the present analysis, the muon depth intensity relation has been measured up to 13 km of water equivalent.Comment: submitted to Astroparticle Physic

Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module

The first prototype of a photo-detection unit of the future KM3NeT neutrino telescope has been deployed in the deepwaters of the Mediterranean Sea. This digital optical module has a novel design with a very large photocathode area segmented by the use of 31 three inch photomultiplier tubes. It has been integrated in the ANTARES detector for in-situ testing and validation. This paper reports on the first months of data taking and rate measurements. The analysis results highlight the capabilities of the new module design in terms of background suppression and signal recognition. The directionality of the optical module enables the recognition of multiple Cherenkov photons from the same (40)Kdecay and the localisation of bioluminescent activity in the neighbourhood. The single unit can cleanly identify atmospheric muons and provide sensitivity to the muon arrival directions

Long term monitoring of the optical background in the Capo Passero deep-sea site with the NEMO tower prototype

The NEMO Phase-2 tower is the first detector which was operated underwater for more than 1 year at the "record" depth of 3500 m. It was designed and built within the framework of the NEMO (NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory) project. The 380 m high tower was successfully installed in March 2013 80 km offshore Capo Passero (Italy). This is the first prototype operated on the site where the Italian node of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope will be built. The installation and operation of the NEMO Phase-2 tower has proven the functionality of the infrastructure and the operability at 3500 m depth. A more than 1 year long monitoring of the deep water characteristics of the site has been also provided. In this paper the infrastructure and the tower structure and instrumentation are described. The results of long term optical background measurements are presented. The rates show stable and low baseline values, compatible with the contribution of K-40 light emission, with a small percentage of light bursts due to bioluminescence. All these features confirm the stability and good optical properties of the site.Funded by SCOAP3Adrián Martínez, S.; Aiello, S.; Ameli, F.; Anghinolfi, M.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Barbarino, G.; Barbarito, E.... (2016). Long term monitoring of the optical background in the Capo Passero deep-sea site with the NEMO tower prototype. European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields. 76(68):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-3908-0S1117668M. Ageron et al., ANTARES: the first undersea neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 656, 11 (2011)V. Aynutdnov for the Baikal Coll., The BAIKAL neutrino project: results and perspective. Nucl. Instr. Methods. A 628, 115 (2011)A. Achterberg et al., First year performance of the IceCube neutrino telescope. Astropart. Phys. 26, 155 (2006)M.G. Aartsen et al., Evidence for high-energy extraterrestrial neutrinos at the IceCube detector. Science 342, 1242856 (2013)M.G. Aartsen et al., Observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in three years of IceCube data. Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 101101 (2014)M.G. Aartsen et al., Evidence for astrophysical muon neutrinos from the northern sky with IceCube. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 081102 (2015)E. Migneco et al., Status of NEMO. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 567, 444 (2006)E. Migneco et al., Recent achievements of the NEMO project. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 588, 111 (2008)A. Capone et al., Recent results and perspectives od the NEMO project. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 602, 47 (2009)M. Taiuti et al., The NEMO project: a status report. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 626, S25 (2011)S. Aiello et al., Measurement of the atmospheric muon flux of the NEMO Phase-1 detector. Astropart. Phys. 33, 263 (2010)A. Capone et al., Measurements of light transmission in deep sea with the AC9 transmissometer. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 487, 423 (2002)G. Riccobene et al., Deep seawater inherent optical properties in the Southern Ionian Sea. Astropart. Phys. 27, 1 (2007)A. Rubino et al., Abyssal undular vortices in the Eastern Mediterranean basin. Nat. Commun. 3, 834 (2012)KM3NeT web site. www.km3net.orgM. Sedita for the NEMO collaboration, Electro-optical cable and power feeding system for the NEMO Phase-2 project. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 567, 531 (2006)R. Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration, A comparison of AC and DC power feeding systems based on the NEMO experiences. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 602, 171 (2009)A. Orlando for the NEMO collaboration, On line monitoring of the power control and engineering parameters systems of the NEMO Phase-2 tower. Nucl. Instr. Methods. A 602, 180 (2009)M. Musumeci for the NEMO collaboration, Construction and deployment issues for a km {3} 3 underwater detector. Nucl. Instr. Methods. A 567, 545 (2006)S. Aiello et al., The optical modules of the phase-2 of the NEMO project. JINST 8, P07001 (2013)E. Leonora, S. Aiello, Design and assembly of the optical modules for phase-2 of the NEMO project. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 725, 234 (2013)S. Aiello et al., Procedures and results of the measurements on large area photomultipliers for the NEMO project. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 614, 206 (2010)C.A. Nicolau for the NEMO collaboration, An FPGA-based readout electronics for neutrino telescopes. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 567, 552 (2006)M. Cordelli et al., PORFIDO: oceanographic data for neutrino telescopes. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 626–627, S109 (2011)F. Ameli, The data acquisition and transport design for NEMO Phase-1. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 55(1), 233 (2008)A. D’Amico for the NEMO collaboration, Design of the optical Raman amplifier for the shore station of NEMO Phase-2. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 626–627, S173 (2011)T. Chiarusi for the NEMO collaboration, Scalable TriDAS for the NEMO project. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 630, 107 (2011)S. Viola et al., NEMO-SMO acoustic array: a deep-sea test of a novel acoustic positioning system for a km $$^3$$ 3 -scale underwater neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 725, 207 (2013)S. Viola et al., in Underwater acoustic positioning system for the SMO and KM3NeT-Italia projects. AIP Conference Proceedings 1630, 134 (2014)M. Circella for the NEMO collaboration, Time calibration of the NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory (NEMO). Nucl. Instr. Methods A 602, 187 (2009)S. Aiello et al., Measurement of the atmospheric muon depth intensity relation with the NEMO phase-2 tower. Astropart. Phys. 66, 1 (2015)C. Hugon for the ANTARES and KM3NeT collaborations, Step by step simulation of phototubes for the KM3NeT and ANTARES optical modules. Nucl. Instr. Methods A 787, 189 (2015)Ch. Tamburini et al., Deep-sea bioluminescence blooms after dense water formation at the ocean surface. PLOS One 8, e67523 (2013

Influence of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the formation of early harvest of potatoes in the conditions of the Moscow region

The article presents the results of a study of obtaining early potato production using a microbiological fertilizer in the conditions of the Moscow region. Early potato varieties were used for the study: Udacha, Bryansk delicacy, Red Scarlett, Zhukovsky early, Meteor, Riviera. All varieties of table appointment with high palatability are recommended for cultivation in the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the growth, development of early potato plants and productivity. The experiment was carried out in 2020-2021. Observations and records in the experiment were carried out according to generally accepted methods when conducting field and laboratory studies on potato crops. Mass seedlings were noted in the variants with the treatment of tubers with the microbiological fertilizer Slavol in the following sequence: variety Zhukovsky, Meteor, Riviera, Udacha, Bryansk delicacy. The maximum total period from germination to harvesting on July 15 was longer in the variant with treatment in the Zhukovsky early variety (56 days), which further affected the increase in yield. The use of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol contributed to an increase in yield for all the studied varieties from 22.2 to 42.8% in relation to the control variant. Thus, in the experiment, the positive effect of microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the growth, development and yield of early potato varieties in the conditions of the Moscow region was established

The VO-Neural project: recent developments and applications

Outline of the work performed in the framework of the VO-TECH european project