Immunological features of allergic rhinitis in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis of bacterial etiology

Rhinitis is a socially significant and widespread disease. Often, various forms of rhinitis are combined, and thus cause severe clinical manifestations, insufficient effectiveness of drug treatment, as well as difficulties in differential diagnosis. It is known that a significant number of patients have a combination of allergic rhinitis (AR) with chronic rhinosinusitis of bacterial etiology. This condition is based on a chronic multifactorial inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa, which determines the steady progression of the disease. Of interest is the study of a number of allergo-immunological parameters in nasal secretions in order to assess local inflammation and changes in mucosal immunity in allergic rhinitis in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis of bacterial etiology (AR with HRSBE). Mucosal immunity and biological mediators determine local inflammation and pathophysiological response to etiological factors in the immunopathogenesis of AR with CRSBE. The work carried out the determination of the level of cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-â1, IFNã spontaneous and induced; immunoglobulins: IgA, IgM, IgG, sIgA in nasal secretions; leukotrienes: LT C4/ D4/E4 and LTB4 in plasma and total IgE in serum in patients with AR with moderate-severity HRSBE without exacerbation. It has been shown that the leading role in the formation of the inflammatory process in AR with CRSBE belongs to cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-â; immunoglobulins: IgM, sIgA; leukotrienes: LT C4/D4/E4 and LTB4 and total IgE. Induced cytokine production largely reflects the reserve capabilities of immunocompetent cells in response to the action of a pathogenic factor. The results obtained are associated with the persistent course of allergic and infectious inflammation and the progression of the disease. Thus, cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-â1; immunoglobulins: IgM, sIgA, IgE total and LT C4/D4/E4 and LTB4 make a significant contribution to pathogenetic mechanisms, determining the clinical course of AR with CRSBE, and can serve as biological markers of the activity of the pathological process. Undoubtedly, the immune mechanisms in the combined pathological inflammatory reaction from the mucosa in AR with HRSBE are complex and multifaceted. A personalized approach to the treatment of patients with AR with CRSBE is determined by the severity and intensity of the inflammatory reaction, as well as mucosal mucosal immunity disorders. The study of the role and significance of the production of leading cytokines, immunoglobulins in nasal secretions, as well as leukotrienes and total IgE in the blood will help the doctor in determining the tactics and duration of pharmacotherapy

Асимптотический анализ в задаче моделирования процесса переноса газовой примеси в приповерхностном слое атмосферы

In the present work the model boundary value problem for a stationary singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion-advection equation arising at the description of gas impurity transfer processes in an ecosystem ”forest – swamp” is considered. Application of a boundary functions method and an asymptotic method of differential inequalities allow to construct an asymptotics of the boundary layer type solution, to prove the existence of the solution with such an asymptotics and its asymptotic stability by Lyapunov as the stationary solution of the corresponding parabolic problem with the definition of local area of boundary layer type solution formation. The latter has a certain importance for applications, since it allows to reveal the solution describing one of the most probable conditions of the ecosystem. In the final part of the work sufficient conditions for existence of solutions with interior transitional layers (contrast structures) are discussed.Рассматривается модельная краевая задача для стационарного сингулярно возмущенного уравнения реакция-диффузия-адвекция, возникающая при описании процессов переноса газовой примеси в экосистеме 컈лес–болотоо. Применение метода пограничных функций иасимптотического метода дифференциальных неравенств позволяет построить асимптотику решения погранслойного типа, доказать существование решения с такой асимптотикой и его асимптотическую устойчивость по Ляпунову, как стационарного решения соответствующей параболической задачи с определением локальной области формирования решения погранслойного типа. Последнее имеет определенное прикладное значение, т.к. позволяет выявить решение, описывающее одно из наиболее вероятных состояний экосистемы. В заключительной части работы обсуждаются достаточные условия существования решений с внутренними переходными слоями (контрастных структур)

Comparative Pharmacoepidemiological Assessment of Antihypertensive Drugs Administration Structure in Pregnant Women in Routine Medical Practice in Kursk and Chisinau

Aim. To study the structure of antihypertensive drugs prescription in pregnant women in routine practice in Kursk and Chisinau.Material and methods. The study design was observational descriptive cross-sectional. Authors conducted a survey of doctors in medical organizations in Kursk and Chisinau in 2017-2018.Results. Respondents from Kursk and Chisinau preferred methyldopa in prescriptions of central alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists. Doctors from Chisinau used clonidine in 14.3% of cases. The leading place in the group of calcium channel blockers belonged to short-acting nifedipine. Among beta-blockers in Kursk, doctors most often prescribed bisoprolol (43.3%), metoprolol (21.7%) and nebivolol (13.3%), while in Chisinau the preference was given to metoprolol (32.1%), atenolol (19.6%) and bisoprolol (16.1%). From the group of diuretics, Kursk doctors mainly prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (10%), indapamide (6.7%); in Chisinau, indapamide was the leader (19.6%), hydrochlorothiazide was used less frequently (7,1%). From the class of alpha-blockers, prazosin occupied the leading position among respondents in Kursk, and terazosin in Chisinau.Conclusion. The priority drug classes in both regions were calcium channel blockers, central alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists and beta-blockers. A small number of not recommended drugs prescriptions have been registered. In general, the prescribed treatment corresponded to the current guidelines and protocols for the management of patients with arterial hypertension during pregnancy

Late Permian palaeomagnetic data east and west of the Urals

We studied Upper Permian redbeds from two areas, one between the Urals and the Volga River in the southeastern part of Baltica and the other in north Kazakhstan within the Ural-Mongol belt, which are about 900 km apart; a limited collection of Lower-Middle Triassic volcanics from north Kazakhstan was also studied. A high-temperature component that shows rectilinear decay to the origin was isolated from most samples of all three collections. For the Late Permian of north Kazakhstan, the area-mean direction of this component is D = 224.3°, I =−56.8°, k = 161, Α 95 = 2.7°, N = 18 sites, palaeopole at 53.4°N, 161.3°E; the fold test is positive. The Triassic result ( D = 55.9°, I =+69.1°, k = 208, Α 95 = 4.2°, N = 7 sites, pole at 57.0°N, 134.1°E) is confirmed by a positive reversal test. The corresponding palaeomagnetic poles from north Kazakhstan show good agreement with the APWP for Baltica, thus indicating no substantial motion between the two areas that are separated by the Urals. Our new mean Late Permian direction for SE Baltica ( D = 42.2°, I = 39.2°, k = 94, Α 95 = 3.5°, N = 17 sites; palaeopole at 45.6°N, 170.2°E) is confirmed as near-primary by a positive tilt test and the presence of dual-polarity directions. The corresponding pole also falls on the APWP of Baltica, but is far-sided with respect to the coeval reference poles, as the observed mean inclination is shallower than expected by 13°± 4°. In principle, lower-than-expected inclinations may be attributed to one or more of the following causes: relative tectonic displacements, quadrupole and octupole terms in the geomagnetic field, higher-order harmonics (incl. secular variation) of the same field, random scatter, non-removed overprints, or inclination error during remanence acquisition and/or diagenetic compaction. Our analysis shows that most mechanisms from the above list cannot explain the observed pattern, leaving as the most likely option that it must be accounted for by inclination shallowing. Comparison with selected coeval results from eastern Baltica (all within Russia) shows that all of them are biased in the same way. This implies that they cannot be used for analysis of geomagnetic field characteristics, such as non-dipole contributions, without a more adequate knowledge of the required correction for inclination shallowing.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71899/1/j.1365-246X.2008.03727.x.pd

‘In vivo’ optical approaches to angiogenesis imaging

In recent years, molecular imaging gained significant importance in biomedical research. Optical imaging developed into a modality which enables the visualization and quantification of all kinds of cellular processes and cancerous cell growth in small animals. Novel gene reporter mice and cell lines and the development of targeted and cleavable fluorescent “smart” probes form a powerful imaging toolbox. The development of systems collecting tomographic bioluminescence and fluorescence data enabled even more spatial accuracy and more quantitative measurements. Here we describe various bioluminescent and fluorescent gene reporter models and probes that can be used to specifically image and quantify neovascularization or the angiogenic process itself

The Asymptotical Analysis for the Problem of Modeling the Gas Admixture in the Surface Layer of the Atmosphere

In the present work the model boundary value problem for a stationary singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion-advection equation arising at the description of gas impurity transfer processes in an ecosystem ”forest – swamp” is considered. Application of a boundary functions method and an asymptotic method of differential inequalities allow to construct an asymptotics of the boundary layer type solution, to prove the existence of the solution with such an asymptotics and its asymptotic stability by Lyapunov as the stationary solution of the corresponding parabolic problem with the definition of local area of boundary layer type solution formation. The latter has a certain importance for applications, since it allows to reveal the solution describing one of the most probable conditions of the ecosystem. In the final part of the work sufficient conditions for existence of solutions with interior transitional layers (contrast structures) are discussed