Linguistic and Cultural Analysis of Translation Techniqies in the Process of Adaptation of an English Series

Introduction. This article is devoted to the study of the specifics of stylistic techniques within translation of non-equivalent and culturally marked lexemes. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that a rapidly developing films production market requires a high-quality adaptation of foreign films for other cultures. There is a need for a comprehensive study on adaptation mechanisms of various ethno-cultural phenomena displayed during translation from one language to another.Methodology and sources. This research was conducted in the context of a linguostylistic approach to the text analysis. Following methods were applied: comparative, directional sampling, classification, text interpretation, component analysis of lexical units, as well as the methods of contextual, semantic-cognitive and linguocultural analysis. The research is based on the transformations classifications by L.K. Latyshev and L.V. Solonovich, as well as the classification of culture-specific concepts by V.S. Vinogradov. The British-American series “Good Omens” was chosen as the research material. The analysis was conducted on the basis of the officially published script translated by Y. Poleshchuk.Results and discussion. Linguocultural adaptation of a foreign language work includes complex translation and stylistic transformations. In most cases, stylistic transformations within the series adaptation are related to idioms, metaphors and other expressive lexemes, due to discrepancies in the system of images between languages and due to the ways of conveying emotional tones in Russian and English. Nevertheless, it is not recommended to abuse the adaptation of culture-specific concepts, otherwise the meaning and national peculiarities transmitted through the original text will be lost. In the context of translating a series, this issue can be particularly acute due to inseparable connection between image and text.Conclusion. Cinematographic works, distinguished by their inseparable combination of audio and visual images, are able to unite cultures, to be a tool in the study of other cultures and languages. A pragmatic attitude towards a foreign language recipient requires a responsible approach to adapting the film text translation. The key role in this process is played by stylistic translation transformations, which are related to culturally marked lexemes, allusions, and other stylistic devices

Two-body quantum mechanical problem on spheres

The quantum mechanical two-body problem with a central interaction on the sphere ${\bf S}^{n}$ is considered. Using recent results in representation theory an ordinary differential equation for some energy levels is found. For several interactive potentials these energy levels are calculated in explicit form.Comment: 41 pages, no figures, typos corrected; appendix D was adde

Observation of an Excited Bc+ State

Using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.5 fb-1 recorded by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of s=7, 8, and 13 TeV, the observation of an excited Bc+ state in the Bc+π+π- invariant-mass spectrum is reported. The observed peak has a mass of 6841.2±0.6(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, where the last uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the Bc+ mass. It is consistent with expectations of the Bc∗(2S31)+ state reconstructed without the low-energy photon from the Bc∗(1S31)+→Bc+γ decay following Bc∗(2S31)+→Bc∗(1S31)+π+π-. A second state is seen with a global (local) statistical significance of 2.2σ (3.2σ) and a mass of 6872.1±1.3(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, and is consistent with the Bc(2S10)+ state. These mass measurements are the most precise to date

Management of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 or CKD stage 1-4 patients with acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 pandemic: Adapted clinical guidelines of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is diagnosed in 1–40% of the COVID-19 patients; from 2% to 10% of the patients are required renal replacement therapy (RRT). The mortality rate in this category of patients reached 88%. Early AKI detection in the patients with COVID-19, followed by the use of preventive and therapeutic measures to minimize the incidence or progression is a significant key to reduce the mortality rate and transformation of AKI into chronic kidney disease (CKD). The expert group of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists has created the adapted clinical guidelines for the management of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 or CKD stage 1-4 patients with acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 pandemic. These guidelines are intended for family physicians, general practitioners, physicians, cardiologists, nephrologists, intensivists, endocrinologists, infectious disease specialists and other professionals involved in the provision of specialized medical care to the patients with COVID-19. Specialized medical care for AKI patients infected COVID-19 should be provided by a multidisciplinary team, which has to involve nephrologists, infectious disease specialists and intensivists

Measurement of the inelastic pp cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV

The cross-section for inelastic proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV is measured with the LHCb detector. The fiducial cross-section for inelastic interactions producing at least one prompt long-lived charged particle with momentum p > 2 GeV/c in the pseudorapidity range 2 < η < 5 is determined to be ϭ acc = 62:2 ± 0:2 ± 2:5mb. The first uncertainty is the intrinsic systematic uncertainty of the measurement, the second is due to the uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The statistical uncertainty is negligible. Extrapolation to full phase space yields the total inelastic proton-proton cross-section ϭ inel = 75:4 ± 3:0 ± 4:5mb, where the first uncertainty is experimental and the second due to the extrapolation. An updated value of the inelastic cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV is also reported

PECULIARITIES OF IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AND CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS

The pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines participate in antiinfective immunity, that is why it is necessary study their peculiarities in determination of the role in the immunopathogenesis of pyelonephritis, including complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of the work is to study the immune status and levels of pro- and antiinflammatory blood cytokines in the patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN), to determine the peculiarities in cases of DM. Materials and methods. The immuno-enzymic method ELISA and the corresponding test-systems were used to study the levels of cytokines in blood and also standard immunity indices. Results. The analysis showed the significant increase in levels of all studied pro- (TNF-б, MCP-1, IL-17, -23) and antiinflammatory (IL-4, TGF-в) cytokines in all patients with CPN and in every group – with (2) and without DM (3). In 3 gr. (CPN+DM) the CD4+/CD8+ are significantly lower, while in IgM, МСР-1 and TNF-б levels – higher than in the 1 gr. (DM without CPN), and IL-4 , NGAL – than in 2 gr. (CPN without DM). Conclusion. The high level of cytokines (TNF-б, MCP-1 and IL-23) in blood confirms their important role in CPN+DM and CPN without DM. In patients with CPN+DM marked reduction in regulatory index (CD4+/CD8+) and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-б, MCP-1). Our investigation showed that NGAL level in serum was increased more significantly in 3 gr.; this fact may confirm that renal disfunction was more severe in patients with CPN+DM

Количественный анализ перфузии и анализ кривой времени интенсивности (TIC-анализ) при ультразвуковом исследовании с контрастным усилением в дифференциальной диагностике очаговых образований поджелудочной железы. Первые результаты

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound began to develop rapidly  in recent years inRussia. Due to the physical properties of contrast agents it is possible to differentiate malignant and benign lesions. However, this method only involves a subjective evaluation of the obtained results. For the objectification of ultrasound with contrast enhancement implemented the function “TIC-analysis” (time intensity curve analysis).  The aim: to assess the clinical value of the TIC-analysis in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis by contrast – enhanced ultrasound.Materials and methods. In A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of surgery contrast – enhanced ultrasound and TIC-analysis was performed on 23 patients with focal lesions of the pancreas. All patients were operated on, tumors were verified morphologically: adenocarcinoma of the pancreas  in 18 (78%) patients, chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis – in 5 (22%) patients.Results. The results about intensity of the tumors obtained by the TIC analysis do not allow to differentiate these pathological processes statistically significant (p > 0.05), which, in all probability, due to the fact that pancreatic  adenocarcinoma and chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis have similar morphological characteristics in the form of pronounced desmoplastic stromal response and fibrosis-hyalinosis, respectively. The “Time to peak| parameter allowed us to determine statistically significant that pancreatic adenocarcinoma had an early accumulation of contrast agent (average 16 sec) and early washout (from an average of 17 sec); the chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis had the slow accumulation of contrast agent (average  85 sec) and slow washout (from an average of 86 seconds) (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The “Time to peak” parameter at ultrasound examination with echocontrast allows statistically significantly differentiate adenocarcinoma of the pancreas  and chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis.  За последние годы в России стала стремительно развиваться ультразвуковая диагностика с использованием контрастного усиления. Благодаря физическим свойствам контрастных веществ стало возможным дифференцировать злокачественные и доброкачественные образования. Однако данный метод предполагает лишь  субъективную оценку полученных результатов. Для объективизации ультразвукового исследования с контрастным усилением внедрили функцию “TIC-analysis” (анализ кривой времени интенсивности).  Цель исследования: оценить клиническую значимость TIC-анализа в дифференциальной диагностике аденокарциномы поджелудочной железы и псевдотуморозной формы хронического панкреатита при ультразвуковом исследовании с контрастным усилением.Материал и методы. В Институте хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского ультразвуковое исследование с контрастным усилением и TIC-анализ выполнили 23 пациентам с очаговыми образованиями поджелудочной железы. Все пациенты были оперированы, образования морфологически верифицированы: аденокарцинома поджелудочной железы – 18 (78%) пациентов, псевдотуморозная форма хронического панкреатита – 5 (22%) пациентов.Результаты. Полученные путем TIC-анализа данные о характере интенсивности накопления контрастного вещества образованием не позволяют статистически достоверно дифференцировать данные патологические  процессы (p > 0,05), что, по всей вероятности, обусловлено тем, что аденокарцинома поджелудочной железы и псевдотуморозная форма хронического панкреатита и имеют сходные морфоло гические характеристики в виде выраженной десмо плас тической реакции стромы и фиброза-гиалиноза соответственно. Параметр “Time to peak” позволил нам статистически достоверно (p < 0,05) определить, что у аденокарциномы ПЖ имеется раннее накопление контрастного вещества (в среднем до 16-й секунды) и раннее вымывание (“wash out”) (в среднем с 17-й секунды), в то время как при псевдотуморозной форме хронического панкреатита наблюдали медленное накопление контрастного вещества  (в среднем до 85-й секунды) и медленное вымывание (в среднем с 86-й секунды).Заключение. Параметр “time to peak” при ультразвуковом исследовании с эхоконтрастированием позволяет статистически достоверно дифференцировать  аденокарциному поджелудочной железы и псевдотуморозную форму хронического панкреатита.

Features of the course and outcomes of pregnancy in hiv-infected women department of obstetrics and gynecology

The article discusses the data of a retrospective analysis of the course of gestation, labor outcomes in 180 HIV-positive women. More than 90% of infected women are of childbearing age (mainly up to 35 years old), which entails the following problem - the spread of infection from mother to child during pregnancy and childbirth. There is also a direct relationship between the growth of newly diagnosed HIV infection in pregnant women and previously diagnosed HIV-infected womenВ статье рассмотрены данные ретроспективного анализа течения гестации, исходов родов у 180 ВИЧ-положительных женщин. Из числа зараженных женщин более 90% находится в детородном возрасте (преимущественно до 35 лет), что влечет за собой следующую проблему — распространение инфекции от матери ребенку во время беременности и родов. Также наблюдается прямая зависимость роста впервые выявляемой ВИЧинфекции у беременных и уже ранее диагностируемых ВИЧ-инфицированных женщин

Observation of D⁰ Meson Decays to Π⁺π⁻μ⁺μ⁻ and K⁺K⁻μ⁺μ⁻ Final States

The first observation of the D⁰→π⁺π⁻μ⁺μ⁻ and D⁰→K⁺K⁻μ⁺μ⁻ decays is reported using a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by LHCb at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, and corresponding to 2  fb⁻¹ of integrated luminosity. The corresponding branching fractions are measured using as normalization the decay D⁰→K⁻π⁺[μ⁺μ⁻][subscript ρ⁰/ω], where the two muons are consistent with coming from the decay of a ρ⁰ or ω meson. The results are B(D⁰→π⁺π⁻μ⁺μ⁻)=(9.64±0.48±0.51±0.97)×10⁻⁷ and B(D⁰→K⁺K⁻μ⁺μ⁻)=(1.54±0.27±0.09±0.16)×10⁻⁷, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the limited knowledge of the normalization branching fraction. The dependence of the branching fraction on the dimuon mass is also investigated