654 research outputs found
Proyecto de ordenación territorial y plan general de desarrollo del municipio San José de Cusmapa en el contexto del proyecto "Aldeas del Milenio"
Proyecto de ordenación territorial y plan general de desarrollo del municipio San José de Cusmapa en el contexto del proyecto "Aldeas del Milenio
Social Perception and Supply of Ecosystem Services — A Watershed Approach for Carbon Related Ecosystem Services
Additional information is available at the end of the chapter 1
Evaluación del cribado y la efectividad de una intervención breve en bebedores de riesgo atendidos en consultas de atención primaria
ObjetivosEvaluar el cribado y la efectividad de una intervención breve antialcohólica, el grado de aceptación y la evolución de los parámetros biológicos asociados con el consumo de alcohol tras la intervención.DiseñoEstudio prospectivo longitudinal de intervención de 1 año de duración.EmplazamientoCinco consultas de atención primaria urbanas.ParticipantesDe una muestra aleatoria de 681 sujetos de ambos sexos y de edad de 18-65 años, se seleccionó a 78 bebedores de riesgo. Los que cumplían criterios de exclusión (n=10), no aceptaban participar (n=24) y presentaban sospecha de síndrome de dependencia alcohólica (n=11) no participaron en el estudio.IntervencionesSe ofrecía un breve consejo antialcohólico apoyado con soporte escrito, y se realizaba un seguimiento a los 2 y 12 meses mediante la cuantificación del consumo de alcohol y un control analítico.Mediciones principalesSe estimó la prevalencia de bebedores de riesgo, el grado de aceptación a participar en el estudio, la disminución del consumo de alcohol y de bebedores de riesgo a los 2 y 12 meses, y la evolución de los parámetros analíticos tras la intervención.ResultadosLa prevalencia de bebedores de riesgo fue del 11,5% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 8,3-14,7%). El grado de aceptación a participar en el estudio fue del 64,7%. Se observó un decremento significativo (p<0,05) en el consumo de alcohol a los 2 y 12 meses, así como una disminución de los bebedores de riesgo, que a los 2 meses fue del 57,6% (IC del 95%, 50,3-64,9%; p=0,01) y a los 12 meses del 42,4% (IC del 95%, 35,9-48,9%; p=0,003). Asimismo, se produjeron disminuciones significativas en las concentraciones de GGT, VCM, colesterol y triglicéridos.ConclusionesSe observa una baja prevalencia de bebedores de riesgo sin sospecha de síndrome de dependencia alcohólica en nuestro medio, así como una elevada efectividad del consejo breve antialcohol y del grado de aceptación a participar en el estudio. Se apreció una disminución de las concentraciones de GGT, VCM, colesterol y triglicéridos tras la intervención.AimsTo evaluate the screening, the effectiveness of an antialcoholic brief intervention for risk drinkers, the acceptation level to participate in this study, and the analytical parameters evolution associated to the alcohol consumption after of the intervention.DesignLongitudinal prospective intervention study of 1 year of duration.Setting5 urban primary care physician's practices.ParticipantsOf an aleatory pattern of 681 patients, men and women of 18-65 years old, were selected 78 risk drinkers. Patients with exclusion criteria (n=10), didn’t wanted to participate (n=24) and had suspicion of alcoholic dependence syndrome (ADS) (n=11), didn’t participated in this intervention.InterventionsWere offered antialcoholic brief counselling with written supporter and were followed with alcohol consumption rate and analytical control at 2 and 12 months.Main measuresWas estimated the prevalence of risk drinkers, the acceptation level to participate in this study, alcohol consumption and risk drinkers decreased at 2 and 12 months, analytical parameters evolution after of the intervention.ResultsPrevalence of risk drinkers: 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.3%-14.7%). Acceptation level to participate in this study: 64.7%. Significative alcohol consumption decreased at 2 and 12 months (P<.05). Risk drinkers decreased: at 2 months were 57.6% (95% CI, 50.3%-64.9%; P=.01) and at 12 months were 42.4% (95% CI; 35.9%-48.9%) (P=.003). GGT, MCV, cholesterol, and triglycerides significative decreased.ConclusionsLow prevalence of risk drinkers without suspicion of ADS in our setting; high effectiveness of antialcoholic brief counselling and high acceptation level to participate in this study; reduction of the GGT, MCV, cholesterol, and triglycerides after of the intervention
StarHorse: A Bayesian tool for determining stellar masses, ages, distances, and extinctions for field stars
Understanding the formation and evolution of our Galaxy requires accurate
distances, ages and chemistry for large populations of field stars. Here we
present several updates to our spectro-photometric distance code, that can now
also be used to estimate ages, masses, and extinctions for individual stars.
Given a set of measured spectro-photometric parameters, we calculate the
posterior probability distribution over a given grid of stellar evolutionary
models, using flexible Galactic stellar-population priors. The code (called
{\tt StarHorse}) can acommodate different observational datasets, prior
options, partially missing data, and the inclusion of parallax information into
the estimated probabilities. We validate the code using a variety of simulated
stars as well as real stars with parameters determined from asteroseismology,
eclipsing binaries, and isochrone fits to star clusters. Our main goal in this
validation process is to test the applicability of the code to field stars with
known {\it Gaia}-like parallaxes. The typical internal precision (obtained from
realistic simulations of an APOGEE+Gaia-like sample) are in
distance, in age, in mass, and mag in
. The median external precision (derived from comparisons with earlier
work for real stars) varies with the sample used, but lies in the range of
for distances, for ages,
for masses, and mag for . We provide StarHorse distances and
extinctions for the APOGEE DR14, RAVE DR5, GES DR3 and GALAH DR1 catalogues.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, accepte
Efecto de la concentración de cosustrato y del tipo de cofactor en la producción de lacasas con un trametes versicolor
Parental education and the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and asthma in adolescents:The Greek global asthma network (GAN) study
Combining anterior and posterior component separation for extreme cases of abdominal wall reconstruction.
Purpose: The closure of midline in abdominal wall incisional hernias is an essential principle. In some exceptional circumstances, despite adequate component separation techniques, this midline closure cannot be achieved. This study aims to review the results of using both anterior and component separation in these exceptional cases.
Methods: We reviewed our experience using the combination of both anterior and posterior component separation in the attempt to close the midline. Our first step was to perform a TAR and a complete extensive dissection of the retromuscular preperitoneal plane developed laterally as far as the posterior axillary line. When the closure of midline was not possible, an external oblique release was made. A retromuscular preperitoneal reinforcement was made with the combination of an absorbable mesh and a 50 × 50 polypropylene mesh.
Results: Twelve patients underwent anterior and posterior component separation. The mean hernia width was 23.5 ± 5. The majority were classified as severe complex incisional hernia and had previous attempts of repair. After a mean follow-up of 27 months (range 8-45), no case of recurrence was registered. Only one patient (8.33%) presented with an asymptomatic bulging in the follow-up. European Hernia Society's quality of life scores showed a significant improvement at 2 years postoperatively in the three domains: pain (p = 0.01), restrictions (p = 0.04) and cosmetic (p = 0.01).
Conclusions: The combination of posterior and anterior component separation can effectively treat massive and challenging cases of abdominal wall reconstruction in which the primary midline closure is impossible to achieve despite appropriate optimization of surgery.post-print1,08 M
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Metabolic gatekeeper function of B-lymphoid transcription factors.
B-lymphoid transcription factors, such as PAX5 and IKZF1, are critical for early B-cell development, yet lesions of the genes encoding these transcription factors occur in over 80% of cases of pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The importance of these lesions in ALL has, until now, remained unclear. Here, by combining studies using chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing and RNA sequencing, we identify a novel B-lymphoid program for transcriptional repression of glucose and energy supply. Our metabolic analyses revealed that PAX5 and IKZF1 enforce a state of chronic energy deprivation, resulting in constitutive activation of the energy-stress sensor AMPK. Dominant-negative mutants of PAX5 and IKZF1, however, relieved this glucose and energy restriction. In a transgenic pre-B ALL mouse model, the heterozygous deletion of Pax5 increased glucose uptake and ATP levels by more than 25-fold. Reconstitution of PAX5 and IKZF1 in samples from patients with pre-B ALL restored a non-permissive state and induced energy crisis and cell death. A CRISPR/Cas9-based screen of PAX5 and IKZF1 transcriptional targets identified the products of NR3C1 (encoding the glucocorticoid receptor), TXNIP (encoding a glucose-feedback sensor) and CNR2 (encoding a cannabinoid receptor) as central effectors of B-lymphoid restriction of glucose and energy supply. Notably, transport-independent lipophilic methyl-conjugates of pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites bypassed the gatekeeper function of PAX5 and IKZF1 and readily enabled leukaemic transformation. Conversely, pharmacological TXNIP and CNR2 agonists and a small-molecule AMPK inhibitor strongly synergized with glucocorticoids, identifying TXNIP, CNR2 and AMPK as potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, our results provide a mechanistic explanation for the empirical finding that glucocorticoids are effective in the treatment of B-lymphoid but not myeloid malignancies. Thus, B-lymphoid transcription factors function as metabolic gatekeepers by limiting the amount of cellular ATP to levels that are insufficient for malignant transformation
Compliance with current dietary recommendations and geographical variability of diet in women participating in 7 screening programs for breast cancer in Spain
Introducción: Una dieta saludable es especialmente
importante durante la menopausia, periodo en el que
aumenta el riesgo de varios problemas de salud. Analizamos
la dieta de mujeres peri y postmenopáusicas españolas
y el grado de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones
actuales.
Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en 3.574 mujeres
de 45-68 años que acuden al cribado de cáncer de
mama en 7 centros (A Coruña, Barcelona, Burgos, Palma
de Mallorca, Pamplona, Valencia y Zaragoza). Se recogió
la dieta mediante un cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos
validado para población española. Para la valoración
del cumplimiento de las recomendaciones actuales se
utilizaron los rangos recomendados por la Sociedad
Española de Nutrición Comunitaria para ingesta de grupos
de alimentos y las Ingestas Diarias Recomendadas
(IDR) para energía, vitaminas y minerales de la Federación
Española de Nutrición, Alimentación y Dietética.
Resultados: El 29% de las mujeres eran obesas y un
42% tenía sobrepeso. El aporte calórico medio fue de
2.053 kcal (DE: 480). El perfil calórico general fue de:
43% de la energía aportada por lo carbohidratos, 36%
por las grasas, 20% por las proteínas. Se evidenció una
ingesta deficiente de vitamina D en todos los nodos del
estudio, con una ingesta media general de 2,14 μg/día. Se
detectó a su vez una ingesta deficitaria de vitamina E en A
Coruña y Burgos. Todos los centros presentaron una
ingesta elevada de productos lácteos y de legumbres. El
consumo de frutas y verduras fue muy heterogéneo
siendo especialmente elevada su ingesta en Mallorca y
Valencia mientras que fue baja para ambos grupos de alimentos
en A Coruña. La ingesta de aceite de oliva fue elevada
en todos los centros exceptuando Burgos con un
74,3% de las mujeres estudiadas por debajo de las 3
raciones al día recomendadas.
Conclusiones: Una dieta con menos grasas y proteínas
y más rica en vegetales, frutos secos y alimentos ricos en
hidratos de carbono equilibraría el balance energético y
mejoraría la calidad de la dieta corrigiendo las bajas
ingestas de vitaminas D y E. Estas recomendaciones son
especialmente importantes en las ciudades más alejadas
de la costa mediterránea donde se han detectado mayores
incumplimientos de las recomendaciones vigentes y una
dieta más alejada de la dieta mediterránea.Introduction: A healthy diet is especially important
during menopause, a period which increases the risk of
various health problems. We analyzed the diet of periand
postmenopausal Spanish women and the degree of
compliance with current recommendations.
Material and methods: We studied 3574 women 45-68
years old who attended breast cancer screening programmes
in 7 centres (A Coruña, Barcelona, Burgos,
Palma de Mallorca, Pamplona, Valencia and Zaragoza).
Diet information was collected using a food frequency
questionnaire validated for the Spanish population. For
the assessment of compliance with current guidelines we
used the recommendations by the Spanish Society of
Community Nutrition for food groups intake and by the
Spanish Federation of Nutrition, Food and Dietetics for
energy, vitamins and minerals intake.
Results: The 29% of women were obese and 42% overweight.
The average caloric intake was 2.053 kcal (SD
480). The general energy profile was: 43% of the energy
from the carbohydrates, 36% from fats, and 20% from
proteins. There was a low vitamin D intake in all centres
of the study, with an overall mean intake of 2.14 mg/day.
A deficit of vitamin E intake in A Coruña and Burgos was
also detected. Intake of dairy products and vegetables
was high in all the study centers. The consumption of
fruits and vegetables was very heterogeneous, with high
intakes observed in Mallorca and Valencia and low for
both food groups in A Coruña. The olive oil intake was
high in all centers except Burgos with 74.3% of the
women studied below the recommended 3 servings per
day.
Conclusions: A diet with less fat and protein and a
higher consumption of vegetables, nuts and foods rich in
carbohydrate might balance the energy intake and
improve the quality of the diet correcting the low intakes
of vitamins D and E. These recommendations are especially
important in cities far from the Mediterranean
coast where more breaches have been detected over the
current recommendations with a lower adherence to the
Mediterranean diet.Este estudio ha recibido financiación del Fondo de
Investigación Sanitaria (proyecto PI060386) y de
Astra-Zéneca (convenio de colaboración entre Astra-
Zeneca y el Instituto de salud Carlos III 1306-1306
EPY
The capacity of apob-depleted plasma in inducing atp-binding cassette a1/g1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux-but not gut microbial-derived metabolites-is independently associated with mortality in patients with st-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Altres ajuts: Fundació per a la Bioquímica Clínica i Patologia MolecularImpaired HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux and higher circulating concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels are independent risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. The TMAO precursors, γ-butyrobetaine (γBB) and Trimethyllysine (TML), have also been recently associated with cardiovascular death, but their interactions with HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux remain unclear. We aimed to determine the associations between APOB depleted plasma-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux and plasma TMAO, γBB, and TML concentrations and explore their association with two-year follow-up mortality in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and unstable angina (UA). Baseline and ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 and ABCG1 (ABCA1/G1)-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux to APOB-depleted plasma was decreased in patients with STEMI, and the latter was further impaired in those who died during follow-up. Moreover, the circulating concentrations of TMAO, γBB, and TML were higher in the deceased STEMI patients when compared with the STEMI survivors or UA patients. However, after statistical adjustment, only ABCA1/G1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux remained significantly associated with mortality. Furthermore, neither the TMAO, γBB, nor TML levels altered the HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux in vitro. We conclude that impaired ABCA1/G1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux is independently associated with mortality at follow-up in STEMI patients
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