Peningkatan Kualitas Campuran Kulit Pisang Dengan Ampas Tahu Melalui Fermentasi Dengan Phanerochaete Chrysosporium Dan Neurospora Crassa Sebagai Pakan Ternak

Banana peel can be used as an alternative feed based on the potential availability and nutritional. The experiments were conducted to improve the nutrient quality of Banana Peel and Tofu Waste mixture (BPTW) by using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa. This substrate consists of banana peel 70% and tofu waste 30%. The experiment was performed in 3 treatment completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 replicates. The treatments were : A= fermentation BPTW by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa (1:1), B = fermentation BPTW by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa (2:1), and C = fermentation BPTW by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa (1:2). Measured variables were Crude Fiber (CF), Crude Protein (CP), Nitrogen Retention and CF digestion. The result of the research showed that the treatment affected significantly (p<0.01) reduced CF and increased CP, nitrogen retention and CF digestion. In conclusion, fermentation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Neurospora crassa (2:1) was the best treatment for improving banana peel and tofu waste nutrient qualit

Investigation of complete and incomplete fusion in 7^{7}Li+124^{124}Sn reaction around Coulomb barrier energies

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for $^{7}$Li+$^{124}$Sn reaction were measured using online and offline characteristic $\gamma$-ray detection techniques. The complete fusion (CF) cross sections at energies above the Coulomb barrier were found to be suppressed by $\sim$ 26 \% compared to the coupled channel calculations. This suppression observed in complete fusion cross sections is found to be commensurate with the measured total incomplete fusion (ICF) cross sections. There is a distinct feature observed in the ICF cross sections, i.e., $\textit{t}$-capture is found to be dominant than $\alpha$-capture at all the measured energies. A simultaneous explanation of complete, incomplete and total fusion (TF) data was also obtained from the calculations based on Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel method with short range imaginary potentials. The cross section ratios of CF/TF and ICF/TF obtained from the data as well as the calculations showed the dominance of ICF at below barrier energies and CF at above barrier energies.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

The anti-inflammatory peptide Catestatin blocks chemotaxis

Increased levels of the anti-inflammatory peptide Catestatin (CST), a cleavage product of the pro-hormone chromogranin A, correlate with less severe outcomes in hypertension, colitis, and diabetes. However, it is unknown how CST reduces the infiltration of monocytes and macrophages (Mϕs) in inflamed tissues. Here, it is reported that CST blocks leukocyte migration toward inflammatory chemokines. By in vitro and in vivo migration assays, it is shown that although CST itself is chemotactic, it blocks migration of monocytes and neutrophils to inflammatory attracting factor CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2). Moreover, it directs CX3CR1+ Mϕs away from pancreatic islets. These findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory actions of CST are partly caused by its regulation of chemotaxis

Pt-Ru Catalysts supported on mesoporous carbons for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Pt-Ru electrocatalysts supported on xerogels and CMK-3 ordered mesoporous carbons were synthesized by reduction with formate ions (SFM method). Some of the carbon supports were chemically treated with HNO3 in order to generate oxygen groups on the surface, while other supports were heat treated. Physical characterization of the catalyst was obtained using X-ray dispersive energy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Results showed that Pt-Ru catalysts with similar metal content (20%) and atomic ratios (Pt:Ru 1:1) were obtained. The electrochemical activity was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Higher methanol oxidation current densities were found for catalyst deposited on chemically treated supports. Electrode preparation and MEA assembly allowed an in-house built direct methanol fuel to be fitted with the synthesized catalysts and supports in order to assess their performance. Cell and reactants were conditioned by a direct methanol test station. Polarisation curves were measured and confirmed data obtained by voltammetry, regarding the effect of heat treatment of the carbon support. Normalised power curves per weight of catalyst are discussed in terms of the significant impact on noble metal loading and attained cell maximum power, in comparison with results obtained with a commercial catalyst

Influence of catalyst support characteristics and functionalization on the catalytic activity of Pt-Ru for PEM fuel cells

Pt-Ru electrocatalysts supported on carbon xerogels and ordered mesoporous carbons were synthesized by reduction with formate ions (SFM method). Chemical and heat treatments were applied to modified the surface chemistry of original carbon supports. Physical characterization of the catalysts was performed using X-ray dispersive energy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, while the electrochemical activity towards methanol oxidation was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Pt-Ru catalysts with nominal metal content (20 wt.%) and atomic ratios (Pt:Ru 1:1) were successfully synthesized on the different supports. Higher methanol oxidation current densities were obtained for those supports with a higher content of surface oxygen groups. Gas diffusion electrode and membrane-electrode-assembly preparation allowed an in-house built of a direct methanol fuel monocell for the evaluation of the catalysts performance. Polarization curves were measured confirming the results obtained in a three electrodes electrochemical cell by CV. Normalized power curves per weight of Pt are discussed in terms of the significant impact on noble metal loading and attained cell maximum power, in comparison with results obtained with a commercial catalyst

Ergonomics Evaluation of Manual Material Handling Activities in the Section of Feeding Laying Hens at Poultry Farm

This study aimed to evaluate the activity of feeding laying hens at poultry farm. Observations were made of all workers in charge of providing animal feed totaling 13 workers. The work observed was the process of loading animal feed on baskets until the final distribution. The evaluation was based on the results of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, physiological workload measurements, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting calculations. The worker's physiological workload was taken into account, and it revealed that there has been an increase in work pulse rate obtained Cardiovascular Load (%CVL) is in the range of 58% -72% and the energy consumption of workers ranges from 4.10-6.59 Kcal/minute. Thus, physiologically the work activities carried out by the feeding workers are categorized as moderate work, and it is necessary to improve the work activities. Meanwhile, evaluation using the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI) in the process of animal feed showed RWL values ranged from 8.61 kg-10.19 kg, and LI values ranged from 1.87 to 2.50. This number is beyond the limit for manual lifting

Evidence for transfer followed by breakup in 7Li + 65Cu

The observation of a large cross-section for the alpha + d channel compared to breakup into the alpha + t channel from an exclusive measurement for the 7Li+65Cu system at 25 MeV is presented. A detailed analysis of the angular distribution using coupled channels Born approximation calculations has provided clear evidence that the observed alpha + d events arise from a two step process, i.e. direct transfer to the 2.186 MeV (3+) resonance in the alpha + d continuum of 6Li followed by breakup, and are not due to final state interaction effects.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, To be published in Phys. Letts.

Catestatin Improves Post-Ischemic Left Ventricular Function and Decreases Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Heart

The Chromogranin A (CgA)-derived anti-hypertensive peptide catestatin (CST) antagonizes catecholamine secretion, and is a negative myocardial inotrope acting via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. It is not known whether CST contributes to ischemia/reperfusion injury or is a component of a cardioprotective response to limit injury. Here, we tested whether CST by virtue of its negative inotropic activity improves post-ischemic cardiac function and cardiomyocyte survival. Three groups of isolated perfused hearts from adult Wistar rats underwent 30-min ischemia and 120-min reperfusion (I/R, Group 1), or were post-conditioned by brief ischemic episodes (PostC, 5-cycles of 10-s I/R at the beginning of 120-min reperfusion, Group 2), or with exogenous CST (75 nM for 20 min, CST-Post, Group-3) at the onset of reperfusion. Perfusion pressure and left ventricular pressure (LVP) were monitored. Infarct size was evaluated with nitroblue-tetrazolium staining. The CST (5 nM) effects were also tested in simulated ischemia/reperfusion experiments on cardiomyocytes isolated from young-adult rats, evaluating cell survival with propidium iodide labeling. Infarct size was 61 ± 6% of risk area in hearts subjected to I/R only. PostC reduced infarct size to 34 ± 5%. Infarct size in CST-Post was 36 ± 3% of risk area (P < 0.05 respect to I/R). CST-Post reduced post-ischemic rise of diastolic LVP, an index of contracture, and significantly improved post-ischemic recovery of developed LVP. In isolated cardiomyocytes, CST increased the cell viability rate by about 65% after simulated ischemia/reperfusion. These results suggest a novel cardioprotective role for CST, which appears mainly due to a direct reduction of post-ischemic myocardial damages and dysfunction, rather than to an involvement of adrenergic terminals and/or endothelium