Basedat 2. Gestión de Bases de datos para la docencia

Se presentan un conjunto de 11 guías de usuario y aplicaciones didácticas. Bases de datos SABI, AMADEUS, PITEC, Encuesta Industrial, COMTRADE, OMC, TRADECAN, FDIstat, Contabilidad Nacional de España del INE, Contabilidad Nacional de Eurostat e Indicadores de Desarrollo Mundial

The Caldera. No. 23

La pandemia, sin lugar a dudas, nos ha cambiado la vida a todos; un viernes nos fuimos para nuestros hogares, en el marco de una educación presencial; al lunes siguiente, después de dos días, estábamos iniciando el camino hacia una educación remota, una educación virtual, que se ha convertido en una gran alternativa para seguir contribuyendo con la formación de nuestros niños y jóvenes caldistas y al mejoramiento de nuestra calidad de vida que halla, en la educación, nuevamente la respuesta; han sido meses de cambios drásticos, inimaginables pero, cambios positivos que nos han permitido crecer como individuos, como familia, como escuela y como sociedad.Especial pandemia. Una generación Resiliente por promoción DINASTIA…06 VII Concurso Intercolegiado departamental de Oratoria. Ulibro 2020…51 Deporte en el Caldas…64 Expresiones Caldistas…71 Celebremos la palabra…93 Nuestros Maestros…102 Galería de Imágenes…107The pandemic, without a doubt, has changed the lives of all of us; One Friday we went to our homes, as part of a face-to-face education; The following Monday, after two days, we were starting the path towards a remote education, a virtual education, which has become a great alternative to continue contributing to the training of our children and young Caldistas and to the improvement of our quality of life. that finds, in education, the answer again; They have been months of drastic changes, unimaginable but positive changes that have allowed us to grow as individuals, as a family, as a school and as a society

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes

Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

El efecto de la accesibilidad a los mercados en la eficiencia empresarial. Una aproximación microeconómica

En esta tesis doctoral se pretende evaluar el impacto que para la productividad de las empresas manufactureras españolas tiene la accesibilidad a los mercados laborales y de productos. Para ello la tesis se estructura en tres capítulos centrales, además de la introducción y las conclusiones y consideraciones finales. En el capítulo segundo se realiza un estudio de Meta-análisis y de meta-regresión con el objetivo de obtener el valor de la elasticidad producto del capital público sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos en centenar y medio de trabajos anteriores que contabilizan casi 2.000 elasticidades estimadas. El valor promedio de esta elasticidad se sitúa en el intervalo 0,13-0,15 una vez se tienen en cuenta los posibles sesgos de publicación y las diferencias metodológicas entre estudios. En el tercer capitulo, y tras repasar las principales metodologías utilizadas en la medición de la accesibilidad, se adapta un indicador basado en una medida geográfica basada en la actividad y que considera los factores de competencia para evaluar la accesibilidad de las empresas a los trabajadores, considerando las características individuales de ambos agentes en la determinación de su capacidad de acceso. Para la estimación de las funciones de impedancia se estiman probabilidades de acceso a partir de los microdatos de movilidad del censo de 2001. Además, se adapta una medida basada en el potencial de actividad para evaluar la accesibilidad a los mercados interiores de consumos intermedios, y usos intermedios y finales. Para el cálculo de estos indicadores se utiliza la Encuesta Permanente de Mercancías por Carretera para los años comprendidos entre 2002-2009. En el cuarto capítulo, se evalúa el efecto que estas accesibilidades tienen sobre la eficiencia empresarial, a través del cálculo de la PTF a nivel empresarial con las metodologías más avanzadas hasta el momento. Los resultados evidencian un importante efecto de la accesibilidad a los mercados de bienes (con una elasticidad que se mueve en el rango 0,11-0,21) y muy inferior para el caso de los trabajadores (apenas del 0,014)

El efecto de la accesibilidad en la productividad de las empresas. El caso de las manufacturas españolas

El presente trabajo evalúa el impacto de la accesibilidad sobre la productividad de las empresas manufactureras españolas. Para ello se propone el uso de indicadores de accesibilidad tanto a los trabajadores como a las mercancías, donde se consideran los componentes del transporte, uso del suelo e individuales en su medición, utilizando distancias o tiempos reales por la red completa viaria española. El proceso de contraste se realiza en dos etapas. En la primera se estiman, con un panel de 155.937 empresas obtenido de SABI, casi un centenar de funciones de producción utilizando la metodología propuesta por Levinsohn y Petrin. A continuación y con la PTF obtenida para 2009 se contrasta el efecto de la accesibilidad, introduciendo otras variables de control. Los resultados evidencian una gran relevancia de la accesibilidad para las mercancías, que sin embargo se reduce notablemente en el caso de los trabajadores

Firm heterogeneity and the accessibility of manufacturing firms to labour markets

In this paper, we propose a measure of geographic accessibility of firms to labour markets. This measure is computed from the microeconomic perspective, avoiding ex ante imposition of administrative boundaries and including the individual characteristics of firms and workers along with the geographical environment and the urban structure of territories through the estimation of particular impedance functions. Computation is done using microdata on more than 60,000 Spanish manufacturing firms and over a million workers' commutes across the full road transport infrastructure network (urban and intercity). We estimate impedance functions that incorporate the specific characteristics of firms and workers. Results show notable accessibility differences across firms due not just to their geographic location but also to their intrinsic industry characteristics and the strategies that they follow

The use of digital simulation to improve the cyclic voltammetric determination of rate constants for homogeneous chemical reactions following charge transfers

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a very useful electrochemical tool used to study reaction systems that include chemical steps that are coupled to electron transfers. This type of system generally involves the chemical reaction of an electrochemically generated free radical. Published methods exist that are used to determine the kinetics of electrochemically initiated chemical reactions from the measurements of the peak current ratio (ipa/ipc) of a cyclic voltammogram. The published method requires working curves to relate a kinetic parameter to the peak current ratio.In the presented work, a digital simulation package was used to obtain improved working curves for specific working conditions. The curves were compared with the published results for the first- and second-order chemical reactions following the charge transfer step mechanisms.According to the presented results, the previously published working curve is reliable for a mechanism with a first-order chemical reaction; however, a c

Visual Acuity and Number of Amniotic Membrane Layers as Indicators of Efficacy in Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Corneal Ulcers: A Multicenter Study

This research received a grant from the Andalusian Society of Ophthalmology. The funding source had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Background: To evaluate new indicators in the efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for non-healing corneal ulcers (NHCUs). Methods: Retrospective, multicenter study. In total, 223 AMTs for NHCU in 191 patients were assessed. The main outcomes studied were the success rate of AMT (complete re-epithelization), postoperative visual acuity (VA) gain, and number of AM layers transplanted. Results: The overall AMT success rate was 74.4%. In 92% of our patients VA stability or improvement. Postoperative VA was significantly higher than preoperative VA in the entire cohort (p < 0.001) and in all etiological groups of ulcers (post-bacterial, p 0.001; postherpetic, p 0.0038; neurotrophic ulcers, p 0.014; non-rheumatic peripheral, p 0.001; and ulcers secondary to lagophthalmos and eyelid malposition or trauma, p 0.004). Most participants (56.5%) presented a preoperative VA equal to or less than counting fingers ( 0.01). Of these, 13.5% reached a postoperative VA equal to or better than legal blindness ( 0.05) after AMT. A higher success rate was observed in the monolayer than in the multilayer AMT (79.5% and 64.9%, respectively; p = 0.018). No statistically significant values were found between the number of layers transplanted and VA gain (p = 0.509). Conclusion: AMT is not only beneficial in achieving complete re-epithelialization in NHCUs but also in improving postoperative VA; these improvements are independent of etiologies of ulcers. Furthermore, the use of monolayer AMT seems to be a more appropriate option than multilayer AMT for NHCU since the multilayer AMT did not present better outcomes (success rate and VA gain) compared to monolayer AMT in the different types of ulcers studied.Andalusian Society of Ophthalmolog