Póquer de ases o las lecturas de un novelista sobre escrituras de otros creadores.

Reseña de Póquer de Ases. VICENT, M. (2009). Madrid: Alfaguara

Interculturalidad y educación lingüística del alumnado inmigrante de la provincia de Almería: un estudio de caso

Tradicionalmente la experiencia intercultural ha tenido lugar en los centros educativos sobre todo en forma de estudios lingü.sticos o literarios y como instrumento para la adquisición de algunas destrezas: la comprensión lectora, por ejemplo; pero tales prácticas son muy limitadas porque no incluyen las distintas culturas. Nosotros realizamos una investigación cualitativa, mediante un estudio de caso hecho con técnica etnográfica, con objeto de obtener un diagnóstico exacto sobre los contenidos gramaticales, pragmático-discursivos y culturales que recibe el colectivo de inmigrantes en las aulas de Almería, porque solo así podremos planificar unos currículos acordes con este nuevo paradigma

Almería en Lorca

In this essay, we have posed several questions concerning the Lorca’s early years of studying in Almería in order to clarify some inaccuracies that we have assumed to be good about these years. Among these questions, we would like to anticipate the following: Why did Federico study in this city in his early years? Who was his teacher Rodríguez Espinosa and to what pedagogical movement should we assign him today? How many years and in which school did he study? What are his first writings in our city? How do the memories of these years and Almería itself survive in his work? The answers to these questions do not only allow us today to draw up an exact timeline of Federico’s stay in Almería, but also to clarify the surrounding circumstances and to trace the mark and the memories of these years that appear in the poet’s later works.En este ensayo nos hemos formulado varias preguntas relacionadas con los cursos en los que Lorca estudia su primera enseñanza en Almería con el fin de aclarar algunas inexactitudes que hemos dado por buenas a propósito de estos años. De entre dicha serie de preguntas, adelantamos las siguientes: ¿Por qué estudia Federico en esta ciudad sus primeros años? ¿Quién era su maestro Rodríguez Espinosa y a qué movimiento pedagógico deberíamos adscribirlo hoy? ¿Cuántos años y en qué colegio cursa dichos estudios? ¿Cuáles son sus primeros escritos en nuestra ciudad? ¿Cómo perviven los recuerdos de estos años y la propia Almería en su obra? Las respuestas a estos interrogantes no solo nos permiten hoy elaborar un «fechario» exacto sobre la estancia de Federico en Almería, sino también aclarar las circunstancias que lo rodean y rastrear la impronta o los recuerdos de estos cursos que aparecen en las obras posteriores del poeta

Mujer y discurso de género en los arrabales de la lengua y la literatura

Entre las diversas líneas de interés que aborda el texto Discurso de género y didáctica, coordinado por María Luisa Calero y Félix San Vicente, nos resultan especialmente interesantes dos: el modo en que, en distintos periodos y en materiales curriculares lingüísticos y literarios, a los que denominamos arrabales de la lengua y la literatura, se indagan las características relacionadas con la educación de la mujer y con el habla femenina; así como la respuesta que se ofrece a esta pregunta: ¿es sexista en su construcción histórica la lengua española?Históricamente, y ciñéndonos a la España contemporánea, concretamente, al momento de mediados del XIX en que se instaura el moderno sistema escolar, en los manuales y textos literarios se generaliza el lema de Mesonero: “la mujer, ni idiota ni literata”. Lema que es contestado por los krausistas generalizando la crítica a las mujeres poco instruidas: “son deleznables las mujeres que escriben beso con “v” y creen que Polonia es nombre de mujer”. Igualmente, los hábitos lectores y las lecturas de novelas no tienen por qué ser perjudiciales, y la alabada sencillez femenina será para ellos señal de ignorancia, de vulgaridad

Interculturality and the Linguistic Education of Immigrant Students in the province of Almeria: a case study

Traditionally the intercultural experience has taken place in school centres basically throughout the learning of a second language which was mainly based on the study of grammar and literature. Nowadays we know that to learn a language is also to acquire the necessary skills in order to have the adequate communicative and sociocultural competence. But these practices are still narrow, as they do not include different cultures. A qualiltative investigation was undertaken, employing etnographic analisis of a case study, with the aim of obtaining an exact description of gramatical, pragmatic-discursive and cultural contents received by immigrants in the classrooms of Almería, as this is required for planning curricula in accordance with this new paradigm presented.Tradicionalmente la experiencia intercultural ha tenido lugar en los centros educativos sobre todo en forma de estudios lingüísticos o literarios y como instrumento para la adquisición de algunas destrezas: la comprensión lectora, por ejemplo; pero tales prácticas son muy limitadas porque no incluyen las distintas culturas. Nosotros realizamos una investigación cualitativa, mediante un estudio de caso hecho con técnica etnográfica, con objeto de obtener un diagnóstico exacto sobre los contenidos gramaticales, pragmático-discursivos y culturales que recibe el colectivo de inmigrantes en las aulas de Almería, porque solo así podremos planificar unos currículos acordes con este nuevo paradigma

Molecular Materials For Organic Electronics.

Organic materials have proven to be efficient active materials in electronics, being possible alternatives to inorganic semiconductors in electronic devices, such as organic field effects transistors (OFETs) or organic solar cells. The versatility of organic synthesis allows us to endow small molecules or polymers with the desired optoelectronic properties. However, the final efficiency of a given device is not only based on the molecular design but also on the way the molecules assemble. In this sense, non-covalent interactions play a crucial role as they are able to control the supramolecular assembly. Hydrogen-bonding has been proven a promising strategy to improve the film morphology in organic electronic devices with semiconductors able to efficiently transport charges. In this project, two compounds have been studied, based on a straightforward diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) with a thiophene-capped as the electroactive component and amide groups serving as the hydrogen-bonding units1. Theamide groups are positioned with two different topologies, C-centered (C-1) or N-centered (N-1) which are five carbons apart from the lactam rings of the DPP. We have compared these materials with the control derivative, 1, whose structure lack amide groups (Figure 1). Finally, the potential of these semicondcutors as active components in organic electronics have been tested in organic field effects transistors (OFETs).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

The Influence of Thermal History on the Multistage Transformation of NiTi Shape-Memory Alloys

The multistage martensitic phase transformation of a polycrystalline NiTi shape-memory alloy (50.3 at. %Ni-49.7 at. % Ti) has been studied by means of calorimetric measurements. After a conventional thermal treatment followed by successive thermal cycles, the initial two-step forward transformation splits into four-overlapping stages. However, the reverse martensitic transformation maintains the initial two-step sequence, usually assigned to the B19'-> R -> B2 transformation. The correlation between the forward and reverse steps has been established by means of selected thermal cycles together with an estimation of their enthalpy and thermal hysteresis. These results have also provided information about the storage of the elastic strain energy and the frictional works associated with the variants' nucleation. Moreover, the study around the forward transformation temperature range by means of uncompleted thermal cycles undoubtedly shows the presence of temperature memory effects in both stages.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO, CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 CSD2009-00013, as well as by the Consolidated Research Group IT-1090-16 and the ELKARTEK-ACTIMAT project from the Education and Industry Departments of the Basque Government. The University of the Basque Country has also supported this work with the Research Group grant: UPV/EHU GIU17/071. The authors appreciate the cooperation of J. Rodriguez-Aseguinolaza in the thermal treatments of the samples

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of fructans from agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. azul) at different ultrasound powers and solid-liquid ratios

Abstract The effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) at different ultrasound power densities (UPDs; 40, 80, and 120 mW/mL) and solid:liquid (S:L) ratio (1:2, 1:3, and 1:6) on the extraction of carbohydrates from Agave tequilana plant of different ages were evaluated. Extracts obtained (6- and 7-year-old plant) were analyzed in the yield of carbohydrates (YC), fructan (FRU) content, simple sugars, fructan profile and the average degree of polymerization (DPn). UPD, S:L ratio, and plant age all affected YC, FRU, and DPn. Maximum YC and FRU were obtained from the older agave with UPD and S:L ratio of 120 mW/mL and 1:6, respectively; while glucose, fructose, and sucrose were highly released from the younger plant. Agave of 7-year-old presented the highest DPn. Fructan degradation occurred at high UPD, increasing the simple sugars and decreasing the DPn. Thermal-traditional extraction without sonication caused more fructan degradation; and overall, ultrasound enhanced fructan extraction and minimized fructan damage, representing a technological alternative for fructan extraction from agave. Keywords: agave; fructans; ultrasound; power density; solid:liquid ratio; plant age. Practical Application: Agave tequilana Weber var. azul plants have significant amounts of fructans. Extraction of these components by alternative methods such as ultrasound could represent advantages, improving the extraction and product quality. This research presents an alternative for the extraction of fructans assisted with ultrasound, evaluating different powers and solid-liquid ratios from agave heads of two different ages. Both variables, as well as age of agave showed a strong effect on fructan extraction. Ultrasound enhanced the extraction and minimized fructan damage, representing a technological alternative