Peut-on établir un lien entre des allégations de maltraitance chez l'enfant et un conflit conjugal entre les parents

TOURS-BU Médecine (372612103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Evaluation des nouvelles modalités établies à l'hôpital Clocheville du CHRU de Tours, concernant la prise en charge des pyélonéphrites aigües de l'enfant en ambulatoire

TOURS-BU Médecine (372612103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Determining soil sources by organic matter EPR fingerprints in twomodern speleothems

International audienceOrganic matter (OM) sources and transfers are critical questions at the crossroad of ecology, hydrologyand paleoenvironmental studies in karst environments. Recently chemical or isotopic characterisationsof these organic matters have demonstrated their diversity in karst water and speleothems. However,knowledge of their origin and transfer from soil needs to be improved especially in karst environmentswhere a mosaic of soils occurs. Here we investigate the applicability of the Electron ParamagneticResonance (EPR) signature of OM to seek different soil fingerprints in speleothems. The positions andthe shapes of semiquinone-type radical’s EPR lines are considered as a robust signature of the organicmatter through the different compartment of karst ecosystems. We demonstrate that the combinationof EPR lines simulation constitutes a fingerprint that discriminates folic Leptosol developed on limestoneoutcrops from eutric Cambisols located in the dolines and topographical depressions. We also report theconservation of the thinner OM EPR lines after a water extraction of the organic matter from soils. Finally,OM EPR signatures were detected in two different speleothems sampled near each other: a stalagmiteand a subaqueous flowstone. An unexpected two-orders-of-magnitude discrepancy between the free radicalconcentrations of the subaqueous flowstone and the soils on one hand, and the low free radical concentrationof the stalagmite samples on the other, was ascribed to the kinetics of conformational changesin OM occurring during their transfer through karst either in fast or in slow water pathways. A folicLeptosol fingerprint was found in stalagmite and conversely, an eutric Cambisol fingerprint was foundin the flowstone sample. This unexpected difference between the EPR signatures of the flowstone sampleand stalagmite sample was ascribed to the masking of the Leptosol EPR signature (due to the low concentrationsof free radicals) in the case of the flowstone sample and to the fact that the EPR signature of thestalagmite sample clearly shows the Leptosol is the sole source of the OM. Finally, the folic Leptosolfingerprint remains steady over the last four centuries covered by the stalagmite demonstrating thatthe source of the OM is stable over the growth period strengthening the interest of OM entrapped inspeleothem for paleoenvironment studies

Traçage de la matière organique naturelle à l'échelle de bassins versants. Applications

Edytem Equipe Archives Continentales 2011-201

Whole-body MR imaging in suspected physical child abuse: comparison with skeletal survey and bone scintigraphy findings from the PEDIMA prospective multicentre study

International audienceObjectives: To assess the contribution of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) and bone scintigraphy (BS) in addition to skeletal survey (SS) in detecting traumatic bone lesions and soft-tissue injuries in suspected child abuse.Methods: In this prospective, multicentre, diagnostic accuracy study, children less than 3 years of age with suspected physical abuse were recruited. Each child underwent SS, BS and WBMRI. A blinded first review was performed in consensus by five paediatric radiologists and three nuclear medicine physicians. A second review investigated discrepancies reported between the modalities using a consensus result of all modalities as the reference standard. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity and corresponding 95% confidence interval for each imaging modality (SS, WBMRI and BS) and for the combinations [SS + WBMRI] and [SS + BS].Results: One hundred seventy children were included of which sixty-four had at least one lesion. In total, 146 lesions were included. The sensitivity and specificity of each examination were, respectively, as follows: 88.4% [95% CI, 82.0-93.1] and 99.7% [95% CI, 99.5-99.8] for the SS, 69.9% [95% CI, 61.7-77.2] and 99.5% [95% CI, 99.2-99.7] for WBMRI and 54.8% [95% CI, 46.4-63.0] and 99.7% [95% CI, 99.5-99.9] for BS. Sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 95.9% [95% CI, 91.3-98.5] and 99.2% [95% CI, 98.9-99.4] for the combination SS + WBMRI and 95.2% [95% CI, 90.4-98.1] and 99.4% [95% CI, 99.2-99.6] for the combination SS + BS, with no statistically significant difference between them.Conclusion: SS was the most sensitive independent imaging modality; however, the additional combination of either WBMRI or BS examinations offered an increased accuracy.Key points: • SS in suspected infant abuse was the most sensitive independent imaging modality in this study, especially for detecting metaphyseal and rib lesions, and remains essential for evaluation. • The combination of either SS + BS or SS + WBMRI provides greater accuracy in diagnosing occult and equivocal bone injuries in the difficult setting of child abuse. • WBMRI is a free-radiation technique that allows additional diagnosis of soft-tissue and visceral injuries

Dissertatio historica de initiis monarchiae Babyloniorum, quam, cum cons. ampliss. Colleg. Philos. in Reg. Acad. Upsal. sub praesidio ... Jacobi Arrhenii ... publico examini modeste subjicit Petrus Hagberg Gestr. In audit. Gustav. maj. ad d. 25. Maji. Anni MDCCV.

International audienceBackground : The incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence is rising in many countries, supposedlybecause of changing environmental factors, which are yet largely unknown. The purpose of the study was tounravel environmental markers associated with T1D. Methods : Cases were children with T1D from the French Isis-Diab cohort. Controls were schoolmates or friends ofthe patients. Parents were asked to fill a 845-item questionnaire investigating the child’s environment before diagnosis.The analysis took into account the matching between cases and controls. A second analysis used propensity scoremethods. Results : We found a negative association of several lifestyle variables, gastroenteritis episodes, dental hygiene, hazelnutcocoa spread consumption, wasp and bee stings with T1D, consumption of vegetables from a farm and death of a petby old age. Conclusions : The found statistical association of new environmental markers with T1D calls for replication in othercohorts and investigation of new environmental areas

Additional file 1: of Association of environmental markers with childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus revealed by a long questionnaire on early life exposures and lifestyle in a case–control study

The questionnaire used in the current study. (PDF 620 kb