Chemical telemetry of OH observed to measure interstellar magnetic fields

We present models for the chemistry in gas moving towards the ionization front of an HII region. When it is far from the ionization front, the gas is highly depleted of elements more massive than helium. However, as it approaches the ionization front, ices are destroyed and species formed on the grain surfaces are injected into the gas phase. Photodissociation removes gas phase molecular species as the gas flows towards the ionization front. We identify models for which the OH column densities are comparable to those measured in observations undertaken to study the magnetic fields in star forming regions and give results for the column densities of other species that should be abundant if the observed OH arises through a combination of the liberation of H2O from surfaces and photodissociation. They include CH3OH, H2CO, and H2S. Observations of these other species may help establish the nature of the OH spatial distribution in the clouds, which is important for the interpretation of the magnetic field results.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Astrophysics and Space Scienc

N3N^3 entropy of M5 branes from dielectric effect

We observe that the $N^3$ entropy behavior of near-extermal M5 branes can be reproduced from SYM side with the role of Myers' terms. We start by generalizing the Klebanov-Tseytlin (KT) supergravity solution that displays the $N^3$ entropy behavior. The new feature of the general solution is visibility of the "internal" degrees of the M5 branes, i.e., the M0 branes and the M2 branes. With the rationale provided by the supergravity analysis, we consider a D0 brane quantum mechanical setup with Myers' terms. Using localization technique, we show that the leading $N^3$ behavior of the free energy comes from the "classical contribution" with the rest sub-leading.Comment: latex, 21 pages, missing figure adde

An evaluation of peptone products and fish meal on nursery pig performance

A total of 360 nursery pigs (PIC C327 × 1050, initially 11.8 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 35-d study to evaluate the effects of select menhaden fish meal (SMFM), PEP2+ (also known as Ferm O Tide), Peptone 50, and PEP-NS on nursery pig performance. PEP2+, Peptone 50, and PEP-NS are all porcine intestinal mucosa products, but differ based on the carriers with which they are co-dried. PEP2+ is co-dried with enzymatically processed vegetable proteins. Peptone 50 is co-dried with a vegetable protein, while PEP-NS uses by-products from corn wet-milling. Phase 1 diets were fed in pellet form from d 0 to 8. Phase 2 diets were fed in meal form from d 8 to 21. A common corn-soybean meal diet was fed from d 21 to 35. There were 6 dietary treatments: (1) a negative control diet containing 2.5% spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) in Phase 1 followed by no specialty protein sources in Phase 2; (2) a diet containing 5% SDAP in Phase 1 and 3% SMFM in Phase 2; (3) a blend of 5% SDAP and 3% SMFM during Phase 1 and 6% SMFM during Phase 2; (4) a blend of 5% SDAP and 3% PEP2+ during Phase 1 and 6% PEP2 during Phase 2; (5) a blend of 5% SDAP and 3% PEP 50 during Phase 1 and 6% PEP50 during Phase 2, and (6) a blend of 5% SDAP and 3% PEP-NS during Phase 1 and 6% PEP-NS during Phase 2. During Phase 1, there were no differences in F/G among pigs fed any of the dietary treatments. During Phase 2 (d 8 to 21), pigs fed 6% PEP2+ had greater (P < 0.05) ADG compared to those fed the negative control diet, 3% or 6% fish meal, with pigs fed PEP50 and PEP NS intermediate. Furthermore, pigs fed 6% PEP2+ had the greatest improvement (P < 0.02) in F/G compared to pigs fed all other experimental diets. Overall, pigs fed diets containing PEP2+ had increased (P < 0.03) ADG and ADFI compared to pigs fed the negative control diet. Pigs fed 3% PEP2+ during Phase 1 and 6% PEP2+ during Phase 2 had greater (P < 0.05) ADFI compared to those fed 3% SMFM during Phase 1 and 6% SMFM during Phase 2. In conclusion, PEP2+, Peptone 50, and PEP-NS can be used as specialty protein sources to replace select menhaden fish meal in Phase 2 nursery pig diets. In addition pigs fed PEP2+ had greater ADG than those fed fish meal

The High Redshift Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect

In this paper we rely on the quasar (QSO) catalog of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release Six (SDSS DR6) of about one million photometrically selected QSOs to compute the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect at high redshift, aiming at constraining the behavior of the expansion rate and thus the behaviour of dark energy at those epochs. This unique sample significantly extends previous catalogs to higher redshifts while retaining high efficiency in the selection algorithm. We compute the auto-correlation function (ACF) of QSO number density from which we extract the bias and the stellar contamination. We then calculate the cross-correlation function (CCF) between QSO number density and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature fluctuations in different subsamples: at high z>1.5 and low z<1.5 redshifts and for two different choices of QSO in a conservative and in a more speculative analysis. We find an overall evidence for a cross-correlation different from zero at the 2.7\sigma level, while this evidence drops to 1.5\sigma at z>1.5. We focus on the capabilities of the ISW to constrain the behaviour of the dark energy component at high redshift both in the \LambdaCDM and Early Dark Energy cosmologies, when the dark energy is substantially unconstrained by observations. At present, the inclusion of the ISW data results in a poor improvement compared to the obtained constraints from other cosmological datasets. We study the capabilities of future high-redshift QSO survey and find that the ISW signal can improve the constraints on the most important cosmological parameters derived from Planck CMB data, including the high redshift dark energy abundance, by a factor \sim 1.5.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures, and 7 table

Influence of a Uniform Current on Collective Magnetization Dynamics in a Ferromagnetic Metal

We discuss the influence of a uniform current, $\vec{j}$, on the magnetization dynamics of a ferromagnetic metal. We find that the magnon energy $\epsilon(\vec{q})$ has a current-induced contribution proportional to $\vec{q}\cdot \vec{\cal J}$, where $\vec{\cal J}$ is the spin-current, and predict that collective dynamics will be more strongly damped at finite ${\vec j}$. We obtain similar results for models with and without local moment participation in the magnetic order. For transition metal ferromagnets, we estimate that the uniform magnetic state will be destabilized for $j \gtrsim 10^{9} {\rm A} {\rm cm}^{-2}$. We discuss the relationship of this effect to the spin-torque effects that alter magnetization dynamics in inhomogeneous magnetic systems.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Inhaltliche und erzieherische Kompetenzen im Lernprozess

Prije nego će progovoriti o sadržajnim i odgojnim kompetencijama u procesu učenja, autor podsjeća na podrijetlo i razlog govora o kompetencijama u obrazovanju u Europskoj Uniji i u Hrvatskoj. Početni poticaj dolazi iz ekonomskih krugova radi osiguranja učinkovitosti pojedinih kompanija i povećavanja zaposlenosti i konkurentnosti. Početno zanimanje za jezične i tehničke kompetencije za društvo znanja radi održanja i povećanja europske ekonomske i gospodarske konkurentnosti s vremenom je primijenjeno i na sveukupno odgojno–obrazovno područje. U obrazovnim sustavima pojedinih europskih zemalja i u njihovim nacionalnim obrazovnim standardima, planovima i programima spominju se i kompetencije koje se odnose na vjeronauk kao školski predmet. U članku se posebno razmatra dokument njemačkih biskupa koji govori o uključivanju školskog vjeronauka u njemački obrazovni standard u četverogodišnjoj osnovnoj školi. Razmatraju se specifične sadržajne i odgojne kompetencije vjeroučitelja i vjeroučenika. Tvrdi se kako ispravnim vrednovanjem odgojno–obrazovne funkcije škole vjeronauk može postati i ostati predmet koji promiče i podržava sadržajne i odgojne kompetencije vjeroučitelja i vjeroučenika. Time će ujedno doprinijeti i boljitku i napretku hrvatske škole i društva općenito.Before discussing the content and educational competence in the learning process the author recalls the origin and reason for the debate regarding competence in education in the European Union and Croatia. The initial impetus came from economic circles to secure the performance of individual companies and increase employment and competitiveness. The initial interest in the linguistic and technical competence for a society of knowledge for the sake of maintaining and increasing Europe\u27s economic and financial competitiveness over time has been applied overall to the area of education. The educational systems of some European countries in their national educational standards, plans and programs mention various competencies related to religion as a school subject. The article specifically discusses a document of the German bishops regarding the inclusion of religious instruction within the German educational standard in the first four years of primary school. The document reflects upon specific content and educational competencies regarding religion teachers and pupils enrolled in religion class. Through the proper evaluation of educational functions of the school, religion can become and remain a subject that promotes and supports the content and educational competence of teachers of religion and its pupils. This will also contribute to the improvement and progress of Croatian schools and society in general.Vor der Behandlung der inhaltlichen und erzieherischen Kompetenzen im Lernprozess erinnert der Autor auf den Ursprung und den Grund der Rede über Kompetenzen in der Bildung in der EU und in Kroatien. Der erste Impuls kommt aus den wirtschaftlichen Kreisen, damit dadurch die Effektivität einzelner Firmen und Gesellschaften gesichert wird und dass die Arbeitnehmerzahl sowie die Konkurrenzfähigkeit gesteigert werden. Das anfängliche Interesse für sprachliche und technische Kompetenzen zwecks Erzielung einer Wissens-Gesellschaft, damit europäische ökonomische und wirtschaftliche Konkurrenzfähigkeit aufrechterhalten und vergrössert werden kann, ist mit der Zeit auch auf den gesamten Bildungsbereich angewandt worden. In den Bildungssystemen einzelner europäischen Länder und in ihren nationalen Bildungsstandarden, Plänen und Programmen werden auch Kompetenzen erwähnt, die sich auf den Religionsunterricht als Schulfach beziehen. In diesem Artikel wird besonders das Dokument der deutschen Bischöfe betrachtet, in dem von der Eingliederung des schulischen Religionsunterrichts in den Bildungsstandard der vierjährigen Grundschule die Rede ist. Es werden spezifische inhaltliche und pädagogische Kompetenzen der Religionslehrer sowie der Religionsschüler betrachtet. Es wird darauf aufmerksam gemacht, dass durch richtige Bewertung der erzieherischen und bildenden Funktion der Schule der Religionsunterricht ein Schulfach werden und bleiben kann, der inhaltliche und erzieherische Kompetenzen der Religionslehrer sowie der Religionsschüler fördert und unterstützt. Dadurch wird er auch dem Wohlergehen und dem Fortschritt der kroatischen Schule und der Gesellschaft insgesamt beitragen

Tall tales from de Sitter space II: Field theory dualities

We consider the evolution of massive scalar fields in (asymptotically) de Sitter spacetimes of arbitrary dimension. Through the proposed dS/CFT correspondence, our analysis points to the existence of new nonlocal dualities for the Euclidean conformal field theory. A massless conformally coupled scalar field provides an example where the analysis is easily explicitly extended to 'tall' background spacetimes.Comment: 31 pages, 2 figure

Avalanches and the Renormalization Group for Pinned Charge-Density Waves

The critical behavior of charge-density waves (CDWs) in the pinned phase is studied for applied fields increasing toward the threshold field, using recently developed renormalization group techniques and simulations of automaton models. Despite the existence of many metastable states in the pinned state of the CDW, the renormalization group treatment can be used successfully to find the divergences in the polarization and the correlation length, and, to first order in an $\epsilon = 4-d$ expansion, the diverging time scale. The automaton models studied are a charge-density wave model and a ``sandpile'' model with periodic boundary conditions; these models are found to have the same critical behavior, associated with diverging avalanche sizes. The numerical results for the polarization and the diverging length and time scales in dimensions $d=2,3$ are in agreement with the analytical treatment. These results clarify the connections between the behaviour above and below threshold: the characteristic correlation lengths on both sides of the transition diverge with different exponents. The scaling of the distribution of avalanches on the approach to threshold is found to be different for automaton and continuous-variable models.Comment: 29 pages, 11 postscript figures included, REVTEX v3.0 (dvi and PS files also available by anonymous ftp from external.nj.nec.com in directory /pub/alan/cdwfigs