Social, extra-curricular activities offered to students at low and high socio-economic status upper secondary schools in Turkey according to school principals’ views

Using PISA 2009 data, the purpose of this study is to analyze the social activities offered to students at low and high socio-economic status (SES) upper secondary schools in Turkey according to school principals’ views. In the study, descriptive analyses were made. Study group consisted of totally 100 school principals, at low and high SES upper secondary schools. The most activity offered by low and high SES schools to students is sporting team or sporting activities; and the least is collaboration with local newspapers at low SES, collaboration with local libraries at high SES. The percentage of high SES upper secondary schools offer following activities is significantly higher than the percentage of low SES schools: school play or school musical; school yearbook, newspaper or magazine; debating club or debating activities; school club or school competition for foreign language, math or science; lectures and/or seminars; collaboration with local newspapers. Additionally; although, the Regulation of Social Activities is designed ideally in terms of the dimensions such as functioning, rudiments, processes, tasks, monitoring and evaluation, the results of this study or the results of literature show that this design does not reflect on practice. In terms of social activities offered to students at all school, the index value of Turkey is, 0.38, higher than OECD average. But it is insufficient, when comparing, at least, with New Zealand, the United States, Korea and the United Kingdom, which show over 1.00 (one standard deviation) in index value

A Comparison of the Effects of Balance Training and Technological Games on Balance in Hearing-Impaired Individuals

It is aimed to compare the effects of the two different methods as balance training and wii fit balance games based on game technology on the balance functions of hearing-impaired individuals.36 male born deaf individuals between the ages of 18-22 and playing sports actively have participated in the study. The first group consisted of the ones having balance training, the second group consisted of those playing technological games, and the third group (control group) consisted of individuals having no balance training. The first group was given balance training 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The second group was made to play 30-minute wii fit three days a week for 8 weeks.Statistical difference was between the group playing technological games and control group, and between the group having balance training and control group (p<0.01).A statistical difference was found in dynamic balance values after the study. In the after values, a statistical difference occurred between the control group and the group having balance training and the group playing technological games (p<0.05).In dynamic balance values, a statistical difference occurred in before and after values of the group having balance training and the group playing technological games (p<0.01).As a result of the study comparing the effects of the balance training and game technology based wii fit methods on hearing impaired individuals, it is considered that both practices will be efficient for hearing impaired individuals to improve movements and balance values and to increase daily life activities

Social, extra-curricular activities offered to students at low and high socio-economic status upper secondary schools in Turkey according to school principals’ views

Using PISA 2009 data, the purpose of this study is to analyze the social activities offered to students at low and high socio-economic status (SES) upper secondary schools in Turkey according to school principals’ views. In the study, descriptive analyses were made. Study group consisted of totally 100 school principals, at low and high SES upper secondary schools. The most activity offered by low and high SES schools to students is sporting team or sporting activities; and the least is collaboration with local newspapers at low SES, collaboration with local libraries at high SES. The percentage of high SES upper secondary schools offer following activities is significantly higher than the percentage of low SES schools: school play or school musical; school yearbook, newspaper or magazine; debating club or debating activities; school club or school competition for foreign language, math or science; lectures and/or seminars; collaboration with local newspapers. Additionally; although, the Regulation of Social Activities is designed ideally in terms of the dimensions such as functioning, rudiments, processes, tasks, monitoring and evaluation, the results of this study or the results of literature show that this design does not reflect on practice. In terms of social activities offered to students at all school, the index value of Turkey is, 0.38, higher than OECD average. But it is insufficient, when comparing, at least, with New Zealand, the United States, Korea and the United Kingdom, which show over 1.00 (one standard deviation) in index value

Investigation of therapeutic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and translocation in immunsupressed rats infected with Shigella sonnei

Aim: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) and detect blood and tissue penetrations of S. boulardii and Shigella sonnei (S. sonnei) in immunocompromised rats infected with S. sonnei. Methods: Forty rats were divided into four groups: Group A (immunosuppressed, not-treated); Group B (immunosuppressed, treated-with- S. boulardii); Group C (immunosuppressed, infected-with-S.sonnei, treated-with- S. boulardii); Group D (immunosuppressed, infected-with-S. sonnei). After taking samples for blood cultures, the rats were sacrificed. Large bowel, liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were removed for microbiological examination. Results: S. boulardii in group B and S. sonnei in group D were isolated from blood in some rats. Statistical analysis of our data, showed that the numbers of translocated colonies in the liver and spleen were relatively higher for S. boulardii in Group B and for S. sonnei in Group D, without reaching levels of statistical significance. For MLN, colony counts in Group B was higher than Group C and A showing statistical significance. Conclusion: The administration of S. boulardii showed promising results for the therapy of S. sonnei infection in immunosuppressed rats, but therapeutic usage of S. boulardii should be carefully assessed by taking into consideration the risk it poses versus potential benefits in risk groups

DETERMINANTE IZDATAKA ZA ZDRAVSTVENU NJEGU U SAD-U: ARDL PRISTUP KOJI SE USREDOTOČUJE NA VRSTU OSIGURANJA

The rapid increase in health expenditure has become a major concern for both households and governments in the United States. This paper investigates the long-run dynamics of health care expenditure in the United States over the period 1991-2014 using the National Health Expenditure Data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. We use an Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique to estimate the long-run dynamics and short-run adjustment of health care expenditure to changes in government insurance enrollment, controlling for income, health, uninsured, and trend to account for technological changes. The results indicate that the instance and type of insurance affect per capita expenditure; in particular, increases in Medicaid enrollment lead to higher per capita expenditure levels relative to other insurance groups and uninsured, while increases in Medicare enrollment lead to lower per capita expenditure levels.Rapidni rast izdataka u zdravstvu postao je glavna briga i za kućanstvo i za vlade u SAD-u. Ovaj rad istražuje dugoročnu dinamiku izdataka za zdravstvenu skrb u SAD-u razdoblju od 1991. do 2014. koristeći podatke o nacionalnim zdravstvenim rashodima iz Centra za medicinsku zaštitu (Medicare) i usluge medicinske pomoći (Medicaid). Koristi se ARDL tehnika za procjenu dugoročne dinamike i kratkoročne prilagodbe izdataka za zdravstvenu njegu u sklopu vladinih promjena u upisima unutar državnog osiguranja zatim kroz kontrolu prihoda, zdravlja, neosiguranih osoba te kroz trendove kako bi se u obzir uzele i tehnološke promjene. Rezultati ukazuju da slučaj i vrsta osiguranja utječu na izdatke po glavi stanovnika: izričito se ističe povećanje upisa unutar centra Medicaid čiji rast upisanih dovodi do viših razina rashoda po glavi stanovnika u odnosu na neosigurane i drugih grupa osiguranih pojedinaca dok s druge strane povećanje upisa unutar Medicare centra dovodi do nižih razina izdataka po glavi stanovnika

Yapılandırmacı öğrenme modelinin öğrenci çıktılarına etkisinin incelenmesi: Second order meta-analiz

The effects of the constructivist-learning model on student outcomes are analyzed in this research study. For this purpose, the results of 19 meta-analysis research focusing on the effects of constructivist learning models on student outcomes are combined with the second-order meta-analysis method. The research included in the process had been carried out between the years 2015 and 2021. At the end of the research process, it is determined that the effect of constructivist learning models on student outcomes is medium level. On the other hand, it is determined that the effect of constructivist learning models on student thinking skills and academic success is highlevel. Besides, it is found that the effect of constructivist learning models on student attitudes is medium level. At the end of the moderator analysis based on location, it is observed that the effects of constructivist learning models on student outcomes vary. Atelier studies can be carried out in education zones to develop teaching skills about the application of constructivist learning models. On the other hand, it is seen that studies on the issue mostly focus on academic success and attitude. Following this, the effects of constructivist learning models on the other student outcomes can be analyzed.Bu araştırmada yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin öğrenci çıktılarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda 2015-2021 yılları arasında, yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin öğrenci çıktıları üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen 19 meta analiz araştırmasından elde edilen sonuçlar second order meta analiz yöntemiyle birleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin öğrenci çıktılarına etkisinin orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin öğrencilerin düşünme becerilerine ve akademik başarılarına etkisinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu sonucuna erişilmiştir. Öte yandan yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerin öğrenci tutumlarına etkisinin orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Lokasyona göre yapılan moderatör analizi sonucunda yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerin öğrenci çıktılarına etkisinin farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin öğrenci çıktılarına etkisi dolayısıyla öğretmenlerin yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin uygulamasına ilişkin becerilerini geliştirmek amacıyla eğitim bölgeleri düzeyinde atölye çalışmaları yapılabilir. Ayrıca yapılan çalışmaların daha çok akademik başarı ve tutum ile ilgili olduğu görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yapılandırmacı öğrenme modellerinin diğer öğrenci çıktıları üzerine etkileri incelenebilir

Measurement of spring constants of various spring-mass systems by using smartphones: a teaching proposal

This study aims to develop a teaching proposal to measure spring constants of various spring-mass systems by means of the smartphones. Specifically, a single spring-mass system, a serial connected and a parallel connected spring systems are experi-mentally resolved, by using the ambient light sensor of the smartphones. The measurements are achieved by simply recording the light intensity, detected by the oscillating smartphone, as a function of time for the simple harmonic motion. Using the light intensity-time graphs, the average periods and eventually the spring constants are estimated and the outcomes are compared with the theoretical results. The overall outcomes of the work indicate some 3,3 % relative error for the serial connected springs and 10,8 % relative error for the parallel connected springs. The approach is important in the sense that the apparatus directly plots instantaneous momentum-time graphs and it creates an enjoyable and beneficial teaching atmosphere

Investigation of Organizational Commitment Levels of Health Employees: Example of Artvin Province

Örgütler; belli amaçları gerçekleştirmek için bir araya gelmiş yapılardır. Amaçlara ulaşma yolunda etkili ve verimli olmayı temel ilke kabul eden örgütler, örgüt üyelerinin performansını en üst düzeyde tutmak zorundadır. Düşük personel devir hızı ve devamsızlık, tıpkı yüksek performans gibi örgütlerin amaçlarındandır. Üyelerden yüksek performans, düşük devir hızı ve düşük devamsızlık beklentisi, üyelerin örgüte olan bağlılıklarıyla ilişkilidir. Örgütsel bağlılık, ‘‘örgüt bünyesinde yer alan bireylerin örgüte karşı hissettikleri bağlılık duygusunun gücü’’ şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmada, hastanede görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin ve bunu etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışma 2019 yılında Artvin Devlet Hastanesi’nde görev yapan 184 sağlık çalışanı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri iki bölümden oluşan anket formu ile toplanmıştır. Anketin ilk bölümünde katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özellikleri ile ilgili 13 soru, ikinci kısmında ise Meyer ve arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilen “Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği’’ yer almaktadır. 18 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin duygusal bağlılık, devam bağlılığı ve normatif bağlılık olmak üzere üç boyutu vardır. Araştırma sonucunda sağlık personelinin örgütsel bağlılık düzeyi ortalamalarının 3,09 olduğu, eğitim durumunun, çalışma statüsünün, çalışılan kurumdan ve birimden duyulan memnuniyetlerin örgütsel bağlılık ve/veya boyutları üzerinde etkili olduğu saptanmıştır.Organizations are structures that come together to achieve certain objectives. Organizations that accept the principle of being effective and efficient in achieving the objectives must keep the performance of the members of the organization at the highest level. Low personnel turnover and absenteeism are among the goals of organizations such as high performance. Expecting high performance, low turnover and low absenteeism from members is related to their commitment to the organization. Organizational commitment can be defined as the strength of the sense of commitment felt by individuals within the organization. In this study, it is aimed to determine the organizational commitment levels and the factors affecting this level of health care workers in hospital. For this purpose, the study was conducted in 2019 with 184 healthcare professionals working in Artvin State Hospital. The data of the study was collected by a questionnaire consisting of two parts. The survey used in the research consists of two parts. In the first part, there are 13 questions to determine the socie-demographic feature of the participant, and in the second part, there are 18 statements about the Organizational commitment scale which developed by Meyer et al. used to measure the participant’s organizational commitment levels. The 18-item scale has three dimensions: emotional commitment, continuation commitment and normative commitment. As a result of the study, it was found that the average level of organizational commitment of health personnel was 3.09 and it was found that educational status, working status, satisfaction from the institution and unit worked had an effect on organizational commitment and / or dimensions