A Novel Partitioning Method for Accelerating the Block Cimmino Algorithm

We propose a novel block-row partitioning method in order to improve the convergence rate of the block Cimmino algorithm for solving general sparse linear systems of equations. The convergence rate of the block Cimmino algorithm depends on the orthogonality among the block rows obtained by the partitioning method. The proposed method takes numerical orthogonality among block rows into account by proposing a row inner-product graph model of the coefficient matrix. In the graph partitioning formulation defined on this graph model, the partitioning objective of minimizing the cutsize directly corresponds to minimizing the sum of inter-block inner products between block rows thus leading to an improvement in the eigenvalue spectrum of the iteration matrix. This in turn leads to a significant reduction in the number of iterations required for convergence. Extensive experiments conducted on a large set of matrices confirm the validity of the proposed method against a state-of-the-art method

Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies of Adsorption of Reactive Red 120 on Chitin

Chitin is a natural compound that can be extracted from various organisms that is used in various applications from medicine to environmental applications. In this study, effect of chitin is followed for adsorption of reactive red 120 textile dye from water at different conditions such as pH, initial concentration of dye, ionic strength, initial concentration of chitin, effect of temperature, effect of contact time. Characterization of the adsorption were recorded by Fourier Transform Infrared FT-IR spectroscopy

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

III numaralı (h. 983-984/m. 1575-1576) tarihli mühimme zeyli defterinin transkripsiyon ve değerlendirilmesi (s. 1-175)

Divân-ı Hümayun’da adlî, askerî, mali, idarî, iktisadî ve sosyal içerikli konular görüşülüp karara bağlanırdı. Divândan çıkan kararlar bağlayıcı ve uygulanması zaruri kanunlardı. Bir ülkeye açılacak savaş, seferberlik için asker toplanması, sefere hazırlanan ordunun iaşe ihtiyacının karşılanması gibi askeri alanla ilgili kararlar olduğu gibi, kuraklık sebebiyle yağmur duasına çıkılması, vakıfların işlevselliğinin sağlanması, eşkiyaların yaptığı eziyetin engellenmesi gibi sosyal konularda da kararlar alınmıştır. Tezin konusu H. 983-984 (M.1575-1577) tarihi arasındaki hükümleri ihtiva eden 3 Numaralı Mühimme Zeyli defterinin s. 1-175 arasıdır. III. Murad’ın padişahlığının ilk yıllarına denk gelen hükümleri ihtiva eden defterde daha çok devletin eşkiyalarla uğraşması ve Avusturya’nın Eflak’ta birkaç kez sınırı ihlal etmesi, vakıflarla ilgili problemler, görevini yapmayan devlet memurları hakkında emirler, sahte para basımı ve iaşe temini gibi olayları ihtiva etmektedir. SUMMARY Divân-ı hümayun is the highest management level of Ottoman Empire. At Divân-ı hümayun; judicial, military, ecomonic, administrative and social issues were discussed and the decisions were taken. The subject of the thesis is hijri 983/984(m.1575/1577) of this notebook. This period of time includes death of II. Selim and early years of III. Murad on Throne. There is no distinctive politics incidents in the period of time selected for thesis, and this can be seen on the notebook. Issues mentioned on the notebook, fighting with bandits, Austria’s several border intrusion at Eflak, conditions related foundations, civil servants who don’t perform tasks, printing of fake money, food supply, such as events

Immobilization of 4-amino-2-hydroxyacetophenone onto silica gel surface and sorption studies of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) ions

Bu çalışmada öncelikle HCl ile aktifleştirilmiş silikajel yüzeyine 3-aminopropil trimetoksisilan modifiye edilerek tekli tabaka oluşturulmuştur. Hazırlanan modifiye silikajelin uç fonksiyonel grubuna 4-Amıno-2-Hidroksiasetofenon bileşiğinin uygun fonksiyonel grubu kovalent yolla immobilize edilmiştir. İmmobilizasyon rekasiyonu infrared spektroskopisi yöntemi ile karakterize edilmiştir. Sentezlenen termal özellikleri TGA-DTG ve DTA analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. İmmobilize edilmiş silikajel yüzeyine Cu(II), Ni(II) ve Co(II) metal iyonlarının adsorblanması, farklı adsorban miktarı, pH, etkileşme süresi, çözelti konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklık gibi parametreler ile tespit edilmiştir. Ni(II) iyonunun Freundlich ve Langmuir izotermine uygun adsorpsiyon davranışı gösterdiği fakat Cu(II) ve Co(II) metal iyonlarının sadece Langmuir izotermine uygun adsorpsiyon davranışı gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Sorpsiyonun mekanizmasını incelemek için Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorpsiyon izotermleri çıkarılmış ve ortalama adsorpsiyon enerjileri hesaplanmıştır. Adsorpsiyon izotermlerine göre Ni(II), Co(II) ve Cu(II) metal iyonlarının kimyasal etkileşmelerle tutulduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Adsorban için termodinamik parametreler tespit edilmiş ve adsorpsiyonun ?H0 , ?S0 ve ?G0 değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan metal iyonlarının adsorban üzerine adsorpsiyon reaksiyonlarının endotermik olduğu tespit edilmiş ve ?S0 değerlerinin pozitif olduğu bulunmuştur.In this study, firstly monolayer was composed with modifying of 3-aminopropil-trimetoksisilan compound to the surface of silica gel activated HCl. Convenient functional group of 4-Amino-2-Hydroxyacetophenone was immobilized to functional group of prepared- modified silica gel via covalent. Immobilization reaction was characterized with infrared spectroscopy method. Thermal properties of synthesized compound were determined by TGA-DTG and DTA analysis. Adsorbtion of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) metal ions on immobilized silica gel were evaluated at different parameters like different amount of adsorbent , pH, interaction time, metal solution concentration and temperature. It was observed that sorption behavior of Ni (II) metal ions were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms but Co(II) and Cu(II) metal ions were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm exclusively. To evaluate the sorption mechanism, Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm was obtained and average adsorption energies were calculated. According to adsorption isotherms, it was concluded that Cu(II) , Ni(II) Co(II) metal ions were sorbed via chemical interactions. For adsorbent, thermodynamic parameters were calculated and ?H0 , ?S0 and ?G0 values of adsorption were estimated. It was determined from results handled that adsorption reactions of metal ions on adsorbent was endothermic and ?S0 value was found to be positive

Immobilization of 4-amino-2-hydroxyacetophenone onto silica gel surface and sorption studies of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) ions

The 4-amino-2-hydroxyacetophenone was immobilized onto silica gel modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane. The carried reaction is classic condensation reaction. The obtained structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis. The values of adsorption of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) ions were detected with an atomic absorption spectrometer. The experiment conditions for effective sorption of the studied metal ions were performed by using batch method. The maximum adsorption capacities and isotherm parameters were calculated with using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm equations. Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (?G°), entropy (?S°), and enthalpy (?H°) were also calculated from the experimental results. The sorption results were used to explain the mechanism of the sorption. The modified structure was successfully used in the separation of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) from the aqueous solutions

Design and application of a fiber Bragg grating array based temperature measurement system

In this study, the temperature measurement system is designed and experimentally performed with a single and array Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based temperature sensor. A 1532.032 nm seramic plated and a 1536.674 nm metal plated FBG sensors are used. The temperatures of the single and array sensors are changed between 30 degrees C to 100 degrees C and optic signal variations at the output are investigated with used swept laser technique. Consequently, temperatures are measured accurate and fast with the precision of 0.5 degrees C

The effect of education on internal migration of young men and women: incidence, timing, and type of migration

We take advantage of a major compulsory schooling reform in Turkey to provide novel evidence on the causal effect of education on both the incidence and timing of internal migration. In addition, we provide causal effects of education on different types of migration. We find that education substantially increases the incidence of ever-migrating by the mid-20 s for men but not for women. However, using a dataset that comprises complete migration histories, including the reason for each migration, we show that women become more likely to migrate at earlier ages, and their migration reasons change. Women become more likely to move for human capital investments and employment purposes and less likely to be tied-movers

The effect of education on internal migration of young men and women: incidence, timing, and type of migration

We take advantage of a major compulsory schooling reform in Turkey to provide novel evidence on the causal effect of education on both the incidence and timing of internal migration. In addition, we provide causal effects of education on different types of migration. We find that education substantially increases the incidence of ever-migrating by the mid-20 s for men but not for women. However, using a dataset that comprises complete migration histories, including the reason for each migration, we show that women become more likely to migrate at earlier ages, and their migration reasons change. Women become more likely to move for human capital investments and employment purposes and less likely to be tied-movers