Avoidance of carnivore carcasses by vertebrate scavengers enables colonization by a diverse community of carrion insects

Enemérito Muñiz and Fernando Escribano helped during fieldwork. Dirección General del Medio Natural (Consejería de Agua, Agricultura y Medio Ambiente. Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia) and Sierra Espuña Regional Park provided help with logistics and permissions. Stefano Vanin and an anonymous reviewer provided useful comments and suggestions on the present manuscript.Carrion resources sustain a complex and diverse community of both vertebrate and invertebrate scavengers, either obligate or facultative. However, although carrion ecology has received increasing scientific attention in recent years, our understanding of carrion partitioning in natural conditions is severely limited as most studies are restricted either to the vertebrate or the insect scavenger communities. Moreover, carnivore carcasses have been traditionally neglected as study model. Here, we provide the first data on the partitioning between vertebrate and invertebrate scavengers of medium-sized carnivore carcasses, red fox (Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus)), in two mountainous Mediterranean areas of south-eastern Spain. Carcasses were visited by several mammalian and avian scavengers, but only one carcass was partially consumed by golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus). These results provide additional support to the carnivore carrion-avoidance hypothesis, which suggests that mammalian carnivores avoid the consumption of carnivore carcasses to prevent disease transmission risk. In turn, the absence of vertebrate scavengers at carnivore carcasses enabled a diverse and well-structured successional community of insects to colonise the carcasses. The observed richness and abundance of the most frequent families was more influenced by the decomposition time than by the study area. Overall, our study encourages further research on carrion resource partitioning in natural conditions.D.M.-V. was supported by an EC funded Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF-624575) and a research contract from the University of Alcalá (Ayudas Postdoctorales UAH), Z.M.-R. by a pre-doctoral grant (FPU12/00823), and M.M. by a research contract Ramón y Cajal from the MINECO (RYC-2015-19231). This study was partly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and EU ERDF funds through the projects CGL2015-66966-C2-1-2-R and CGL2017-89905-R

Silicon Nitride Photonic Integration Platforms for Visible, Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Applications

[EN] Silicon nitride photonics is on the rise owing to the broadband nature of the material, allowing applications of biophotonics, tele/datacom, optical signal processing and sensing, from visible, through near to mid-infrared wavelengths. In this paper, a review of the state of the art of silicon nitride strip waveguide platforms is provided, alongside the experimental results on the development of a versatile 300 nm guiding film height silicon nitride platform.The authors acknowledge financial support through projects TEC2013-42332-P, TEC2015-69787-REDT PIC4TB, TEC2016-80385-P SINXPECT, TEC2014-54449-C3-1-R, GVA PROMETEO 2013/012 and EC H2020-ICT-27-2015 PICs4all. G.M. acknowledges BES-2014-068523, L.A.B. acknowledges PTA2015-11309-I, J.F. acknowledges DI-15-08031 and R.B. acknowledges PTQ-15-07966.Muñoz Muñoz, P.; Mico-Cabanes, G.; Bru-Orgiles, LA.; Pastor Abellán, D.; Pérez-López, D.; Doménech Gómez, JD.; Fernández, J.... (2017). Silicon Nitride Photonic Integration Platforms for Visible, Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Applications. Sensors. 17 (9)(2088):1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17092088S12517 (9)208

El mundo árabe hoy : entre inmovilismo y transformación

Estas son las actas del II Congreso de Cultura de Paz, titulado El mundo árabe hoy: entre inmovilismo y transformación, organizado por el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales y Europeos “Francisco de Vitoria” de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid y UNESCO-Getafe, y celebrado en el Campus de Getafe de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid los días 12, 13 y 15 de noviembre de 2012.Ante los momentos convulsos que vive el Mundo Árabe y otros países en conflicto de Asía, África y América, el Centro UNESCO Getafe, consciente de la grave situación que viven los ciudadanos de estas zonas, consideró la urgente necesidad de estudiar, analizar y debatir, entre diferentes sectores de la sociedad, los motivos y causas que han llevado a un estado de guerra generalizada a estos países tan necesitados de orden, justicia y paz, y en los cuales sus ciudadanos son agredidos y privados de todos los derechos y libertades recogidos en la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos y de otras resoluciones internacionales.Contiene: Prólogo / Martín Sánchez Gónzalez (p. VI). -- Revolución y contra-revolución en los países árabes : Un análisis sociopolítico / Gema Martín Muñoz (pp. 1-10). -- Diálogo transcivilizatorio, derechos humanos y derecho internacional / Carlos Fernández Liesa (pp. 11-21). -- Pluralismo religioso en el mundo árabe / Juan José Tamayo (pp. 23-31). -- Sunitas y Chiítas, dos caras de la misma moneda / Manuel González Hernández (pp. 33-39). -- La opción reformista : Marruecos / Ahmedou Ould Souilem (pp. 41-50). -- Un mal precedente…: la intervención en Libia y sus consecuencias en el conflicto sirio / Daniel Oliva Martínez (pp. 51-62). -- El cambio en Túnez y la extensión de las protestas árabes / Abdelaziz Abid (pp. 63-71). -- España y el Magreb Occidental en el nuevo contexto de cambios en el mundo árabe / Féliz Vacas Fernández (pp. 73-93)

Guía para medición de nivel y temperatura con labview

El siguiente documento se realiza con el propósito de dar a conocer el manejo de Labview para el control y medición de nivel y la medición de temperatura a través de la simulación de sensores, llenado de taque y su posterior proceso de temperatura. Este trabajo será de gran ayuda para el entendimiento y el manejo de este programa, donde se tomaría como una guía para futuros estudiantes o empresas que quisieran saber cómo se lleva a cabo este proceso de manejo y simulación de las herramientas Virtuales (VI) en un lenguaje de programación G.PregradoTecnólogo en Mecánica IndustrialTecnología en Mecánica Industria

In vivo PET Imaging of Gliogenesis After Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

In vivopositron emission tomography of neuroinflammation has mainly focused on the evaluation of glial cell activation using radiolabeled ligands. However, the non-invasive imaging of neuroinflammatory cell proliferation has been scarcely evaluated so far.In vivoandex vivoassessment of gliogenesis after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats was carried out using PET imaging with the marker of cell proliferation 3 '-Deoxy-3 '-[18F] fluorothymidine ([F-18]FLT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence immunohistochemistry. MRI-T2W studies showed the presence of the brain infarction at 24 h after MCAO affecting cerebral cortex and striatum.In vivoPET imaging showed a significant increase in [F-18]FLT uptake in the ischemic territory at day 7 followed by a progressive decline from day 14 to day 28 after ischemia onset. In addition, immunohistochemistry studies using Ki67, CD11b, and GFAP to evaluate proliferation of microglia and astrocytes confirmed the PET findings showing the increase of glial proliferation at day 7 after ischemia followed by decrease later on. Hence, these results show that [F-18]FLT provides accurate quantitative information on the time course of glial proliferation in experimental stroke. Finally, this novel brain imaging method might guide on the imaging evaluation of the role of gliogenesis after stroke.The authors would like to thank A. Leukona, X. Rios-Anglada, and V. Salinas for technical support in the radiosynthesis. This study was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science/FEDER RYC-2017-22412, SAF2016-75292-R, PID2019-107989RB-I00, the Basque Government (IT1203/19, BIO18/IC/006) and CIBERNED. Maria Ardaya holds a fellowship from the University of Pais Vasco. Ana Joya acknowledges funding from Fundacio La Marato de TV3 (17/C/2017). Part of the work has been performed under the Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Program from the Spanish State Research Agency (Grant No. MDM-2017-0720)

First observation of the quantized exciton-polariton field and effect of interactions on a single polariton.

© 2018 The Authors. Published by Science. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao6814Polaritons are quasi-particles that originate from the coupling of light with matter and that demonstrate quantum phenomena at the many-particle mesoscopic level, such as Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity. A highly sought and long-time missing feature of polaritons is a genuine quantum manifestation of their dynamics at the single-particle level. Although they are conceptually perceived as entangled states and theoretical proposals abound for an explicit manifestation of their single-particle properties, so far their behavior has remained fully accounted for by classical and mean-field theories. We report the first experimental demonstration of a genuinely quantum state of the microcavity polariton field, by swapping a photon for a polariton in a two-photon entangled state generated by parametric downconversion. When bringing this single-polariton quantum state in contact with a polariton condensate, we observe a disentangling with the external photon. This manifestation of a polariton quantum state involving a single quantum unlocks new possibilities for quantum information processing with interacting bosons

Sensibilidad en el Reconocimiento de Emociones Faciales Como Endofenotipo de Esquizofrenia

Los endofenotipos son rasgos presentes antes de la aparición de un trastorno y podrían ser útiles para identificar genes de susceptibilidad. Se determinó si personas con esquizofrenia y sus familiares de primer grado no afectados tenían un desempeño menor que los controles en la Tarea de Multitransformación de Expresión Emocional, que mide reconocimiento de emociones faciales. Las personas con esquizofrenia y sus familiares mostraron menor sensibilidad o requirieron más intensidad para identificar emociones que los controles. La exactitud para identificar emociones fue similar entre familiares y controles, pero menor en aquellos con esquizofrenia. Esto sugiere que la sensibilidad para el reconocimiento de emociones faciales es un endofenotipo de la esquizofrenia

Biofouling Formation and Bacterial Community Structure in Hybrid Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Bioreactors: Influence of Salinity Concentration

Two pilot-scale hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor-membrane bioreactors were operated in parallel for the treatment of salinity-amended urban wastewater under 6 hours of hydraulic retention time and 2500 mg L-1 total solids concentration. Two salinity conditions were tested: the constant salinity of 6.5 mS cm-1 electric conductivity (3.6 g L-1 NaCl) and the tidal-like variable salinity with maximum 6.5 mS cm-1 electric conductivity. An investigation was developed on the biofouling produced on the ultrafiltration membrane surface evaluating its bacterial community structure and its potential function in the fouling processes. The results showed that biofouling was clearly affected by salinity scenarios in terms of a-diversity and β-diversity and bacterial community structure, which confirms lower bacterial diversity under variable salinity conditions with Rhodanobacter and Dyella as dominant phylotypes. Microorganisms identified as bio-mineral formers belonged to genera Bacillus, Citrobacter, and Brevibacterium. These findings will be of help for the prevention and control of biofouling in saline wastewater treatment systems.The authors would like to acknowledge the support given by the Institute of Water Research, the Department of Civil Engineering, the Department of Microbiology and the Department of Mineralogy and Petrology with all from the University of Granada. Additionally, they would like to acknowledge the economic support given by the Government of Spain and the Ministry of Economy and Competitivity under the funding project CTM2013-48154-P and grant BES-2014-067852

Beneficial Effects of Mifepristone Treatment in Patients with Breast Cancer Selected by the Progesterone Receptor Isoform Ratio: Results from the MIPRA Trial

Purpose: Preclinical data suggest that antiprogestins inhibit the growth of luminal breast carcinomas that express higher levels of progesterone receptor isoform A (PRA) than isoform B (PRB). Thus, we designed a pre-surgical window of opportunity trial to determine the therapeutic effects of mifepristone in patients with breast cancer based on their high PRA/PRB isoform ratio (MIPRA; NCT02651844).Patients and methods: Twenty patients with luminal breast carcinomas with PRA/PRB>1.5 (determined by western blots), and PR ≥50%, naive from previous treatment, were included for mifepristone treatment (200 mg/day p.o.; 14 days). Core needle biopsies (CNB) and surgical samples were formalin-fixed for immunohistochemical studies, while others were snap-frozen to perform RNA-Seq, proteomics, and/or western blot studies. Plasma mifepristone levels were determined using mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was the comparison of Ki67 expression pre- and post-treatment.Results: A 49.62% decrease in Ki67 staining was observed in all surgical specimens compared to baseline (p=0.0003). Using the prespecified response parameter (30% relative reduction), we identified 14/20 responders. Mifepristone induced an increase in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, a decrease in hormone receptor and pSer118ER expression, and an increase in calregulin, p21, p15, and activated caspase3 expression. RNA-Seq and proteomics studies identified downregulated pathways related to cell proliferation and upregulated pathways related to immune bioprocesses and extracellular matrix remodeling.Conclusions: Our results support the use of mifepristone in patients with luminal breast cancer with high PRA/PRB ratios. The combined effects of mifepristone and estrogen receptor modulators warrant clinical evaluation to improve endocrine treatment responsiveness in these patients.Fil: Elia, Andres Maximiliano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Saldain, Leo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Vanzulli, Silvia. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Helguero, Luisa Alejandra. Universidade de Aveiro; PortugalFil: Lamb, Caroline Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Fabris, Victoria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Pataccini, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Vazquez, Paula. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Burruchaga, Javier. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Caillet Bois, Ines. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Spengler, EunicE. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Acosta Haab, Gabriela. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Liguori, Marcos Daniel. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Castets, Alejandra. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Lovisi, Silvia. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Abascal, Maria Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Novaro, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez, Jana. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas; EspañaFil: Muñoz, Javier. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas; EspañaFil: Belizán, José M.. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Abba, Martín Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gass, Hugo Daniel. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Magdalena Villegas de Martinez.; ArgentinaFil: Rojas, Paola Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Lanari, Claudia Lee Malvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentin