Intertemporal Choice of Fuzzy Soft Sets

This paper first merges two noteworthy aspects of choice. On the one hand, soft sets and fuzzy soft sets are popular models that have been largely applied to decision making problems, such as real estate valuation, medical diagnosis (glaucoma, prostate cancer, etc.), data mining, or international trade. They provide crisp or fuzzy parameterized descriptions of the universe of alternatives. On the other hand, in many decisions, costs and benefits occur at different points in time. This brings about intertemporal choices, which may involve an indefinitely large number of periods. However, the literature does not provide a model, let alone a solution, to the intertemporal problem when the alternatives are described by (fuzzy) parameterizations. In this paper, we propose a novel soft set inspired model that applies to the intertemporal framework, hence it fills an important gap in the development of fuzzy soft set theory. An algorithm allows the selection of the optimal option in intertemporal choice problems with an infinite time horizon. We illustrate its application with a numerical example involving alternative portfolios of projects that a public administration may undertake. This allows us to establish a pioneering intertemporal model of choice in the framework of extended fuzzy set theorie

Does downsizing improve organizational performance? An analysis of Spanish manufacturing firms

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of downsizing on corporate performance, considering a sample of manufacturing firms drawn from the Spanish Survey of Business Strategies during the 1993- 2005 period. No significant differences in post-downsizing performance arise between companies which downsize and those that do not. Likewise, we find that substantial workforce reductions through collective dismissals do not either lead to improved performance levels. Downsizing, therefore, may not be a way for managers to increase performance, particularly in a context like the Spanish one, where the labour market is characterized by a high protection of employees’ rights and substantial contract termination costs

Downsizing implementation and financial performance

In the present study we explore the relationship between downsizing decisions and corporate financial performance after top management has decided to downsize. Our focus is on the financial consequences arising from the amount of downsizing and the use of disengagement incentives. For this purpose, we use a sample of downsizing announcements in the Spanish press from 1995 up to 2001. Although the results show that the amount of downsizing is not significantly related to post-downsizing profitability, the evidence provided supports the finding that the use of disengagement incentives (which motivate workers to leave the organization) is negatively related to firm performance. Our analysis helps to understand the role that strategic downsizing decisions play in explaining observed variance in the performance of downsized firms. Thus, it advances scholarly organizational research by reinforcing the concept that corporate performance is not only contingent on strategies, but also influenced by the means through which these strategies are implemented

Cartomagia del 1 al 9

La cartomagia o magia con cartas es uno de los aspectos más atractivos de los trucos de magia y que con más facilidad puede realizar cualquier persona. Muchos de los trucos de cartas están basados en propiedades matemáticas que son las que fundamentan el que esos trucos siempre funcionen adecuadamente. Aspectos aritméticos, de ordenación, divisibilidad y muchos otros aparecen con facilidad en esos trucos que pueden ser aprovechados en el aula para animar al alumnado a investigar las matemáticas que hay detrás. En este artículo veremos una serie de trucos que se pueden realizar con muy pocas cartas, en general nueve cartas numeradas del 1 al 9, por lo que pueden usarse para que todas las personas de una clase puedan realizar el truco a la vez

Broadband transverse susceptibility in multiferroic Y-type hexaferrite Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2Fe12O22

Producción CientíficaNoncollinear spin systems with magnetically induced ferroelectricity from changes in spiral magnetic ordering have attracted significant interest in recent research due to their remarkable magnetoelectric effects with promising applications. Single phase multiferroics are of great interest for these new multifunctional devices, being Y-type hexaferrites good candidates, and among them the ZnY compounds due to their ordered magnetic behaviour over room temperature. Polycrystalline Y type hexaferrites with composition Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2Fe2O22 (BSZFO) were sintered in 1050 °C–1250 °C temperature range. Transverse susceptibility measurements carried out on these BSZFO samples in the temperature range 80–350 K with DC fields up to ± 5000 Oe reveal different behaviour depending on the sintering temperature. Sample sintered at 1250 °C is qualitatively different, suggesting a mixed Y and Z phase like CoY hexaferrites. Sintering at lower temperatures produce single phase Y-type, but the transverse susceptibility behaviour of the sample sintered at 1150 °C is shifted at temperatures 15 K higher. Regarding the DC field sweeps the observed behaviour is a peak that shifts to lower values with increasing temperature, and the samples corresponding to single Y phase exhibit several maxima and minima in the 250 K–330 K range at low DC applied field as a result of the magnetic field induced spin transitions in this compound.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Agencia Estatal de Investigación with FEDER (MAT2016-80784-P

Revisiting the Casimir Energy with General Boundary Conditions, and applications in 1D Crystals

Producción CientíficaWe obtain new expressions for the Casimir energy between plates that are mimicked by the most general possible boundary conditions allowed by the principles of quantum field theory. This result enables to provide the quantum vacuum energy for scalar fields propagating under the influence of a one-dimensional crystal represented by a periodic potential formed by an infinite array of identical potentials with compact support.MINECO (MTM2014-57129-C2-1-P) and Junta de Castilla y Leon (BU229P18 and VA137G18)

Projective system approach to the martingale characterization of the absence of arbitrage

The equivalence between the absence of arbitrage and the existence of an equivalent martingale measure fails when an infinite number of trading dates is considered. By enlarging the set of states of nature and the probability measure through a projective system of topological spaces and Radon measures, we characterize the absence of arbitrage when the time set is countable

Nanopartículas bi-magnéticas con aplicación en biomedicina

48 páginas.Trabajo Fin de Máster en Biotecnología Avanzada. Tutora: María Luisa García Martín ; Co-Tutor: José Becerra Ratia. Hoy en día, una de las herramientas fundamentiales de diagnóstico clínico son las técnicas de imagen médica, entre las que destaca imagen por resonancia magnética nuclear (MRl), por su gran versatilidad, por la variedad de información que proporciona y, sobre todo, por tratarse de una técnica no ionizante. En algunos casos es fundamental e! uso de agentes de contraste (AC) para aumentar la especificidad diagnóstica. Hasta el momento, los agentes de contraste disponibles para uso clínico son en su mayoría complexonas Gd. Sin embargo, estos compuestos presentan algunas limitaciones, como por ejemplo su toxicidad en pacientes con insuficiencia renal. De hecho, a mediados de este año 2017 la Agencia Europea del Medicamento retiró todos los agentes de contraste basados en Gd que utilizaban como complejantes compuestos lineales, dejando sólo para uso clínico los macrocíclicos, por su mayor estabilidad. Por ello, cada vez se hace más evidente la necesidad de desarrollar una nueva generación de ACs para MRI con propiedades mejoradas. En este trabajo se han estudiado nanopartículas bi-magnéticas, "core-shell", como una nueva alternativa para eldesanollo de agentes de contraste para MRl. Para ello se sintetizaron diferentes nanopartículas y se realizó la caracterización fisico-química de las mismas tras Ia funcionalización con PEG-Gallol mediante intercambio de ligando. Después se midieron sus relajatividades de T1 y T2 a bajo (1.5 T) y alto campo (9.4 T), se realizaron estudios de citotoxicidad, de biodistribución en modelos murinos, y por último se evaluaron los posibles efectos secundarios mediante estudios histológicos.Nowadays, one of the fundamental tools in clinical diagnosis are medical imaging techniques, among which nuclear magnetic resonance (MRl) image stands out for its great versatility, the variety of information it provides and, above all, its non-ionizing nature. ln some cases, the use of contrast agent (CA) is essential to increase the diagnostic specificity. Up to now, the contrast agents available for clinical use are mostly Gd chelates. However, these compounds have certain limitations, such as their toxicity in patients with renal insufficiency. ln fact, towards the middle of this year 2017, the European Medicines Agency withdrew all Gd-based contrast agents that use linear chelates, keeping for clinical use only those that use macrocyclic chelates, due to their greater stability. Therefore, is becoming increasingly evident that there is a need for the development of a new generation of ACs for MRI with improved properties. A very promising option are the magnetic nanoparticles, which exhibit great potential both as MR! contrast agents and as vehicles for control drug release. ln this work, bi-magnetic nanoparticles ("core-shell") have been studied as a new alterative for the development of MRI contrast agents. Thus, different nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized physico-chemically after its functionalization with PEGGallol by ligand exchange. Then T1 and T2 relaxivities were measured at low (1.5 T) and high (9.4 T) magnetic fields, citotoxicity and in vivo biodistribution studies were canied out, and finally possible side effects were evaluated by histological studies

Erotismo y Celo Inquisitorial. Expedientes de escritos obscenos censurados por la Inquisición en el siglo XVIII y principios del XIX

Dentro del amplio objeto de la censura inquisitorial, este trabajo está enmarcado en la literatura puramente recreativa de la época precontemporánea, estudia la actividad censoria del Santo Oficio a los escritos de tema galante, erótico y "pornográfico", y se concreta en algunos expedientes abiertos a obras muy diversas que fueron denunciadas, calificadas y prohibidas por obscenas, lascivas, escandalosas, indecentes e inductivas ad libidinem, y comprendidas en la regla séptima del índice expurgatorio.Inside of the extensive subject of inquisitorial censorship, this work addresses the literature purely recreational of the pre-contemporaneous era, studies the Santo Oficio activity of censorship for the writings of gallant, erotic and "pornographic" themes, and particularly some files opened to works very diverse which were denounced, qualified and prohibited as they were considered obscene, lascivious, scandalous, indecent and inductive ad libidinem, and included in the seventh rule of the expurgatory Index