An Assessment Of The AFL Mask® And LUNA Wallmount, The New Developments In The AirPurifier Industry For Preventing The Airborne Pathogens

The current unprecedented situation with the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) poses a great challenge to the scientific world, demanding immediate development of technologies to fight with and prevent transmission of pathogens, especially in regards to airborne pathogens and surface contaminants. It also urges us to reevaluate designs of advanced Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). We have been working on the development and assessment of the AFL-Photo Catalytic Oxidation (AFLPCO®) Nanotechnology to combat with airborne pathogens and different forms of impurities and pollutants present in the indoor air. Various types of facemasks are available in the world market and have become the most important personal protective equipment for healthcare workers and the public. Depending upon their filters, they can provide protection against dreaded contagious diseases and several types of pollution. With the current 2 spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic, facemasks and powerful air purification equipment are considered as lifesaving apparatus necessary for survival and living a healthy life. The facemasks filter fine airborne particles from reaching the respiratory system and prevent infection. We have designed a new type of facemask, AFL Mask® and LUNA Wall Mount Sanifier® air purification unit to combat with the airborne pathogen and increased air pollution. The AFL Mask® has proven to prevent the entry of the PM2.5 and airborne pathogen up to 99% and provide internal air, reducing the chances of building up moisture on the face. This newly designed AFL Mask® and LUNA Wall Mount Sanifier® can be used to prevent the pathogens and particulate matters significantly. We also tested the LUNA Wall Mount Sanifier® (LNT2-6000 Model), AFL Car Sanifier® and AFL Mask® for Ozone emission. All the equipment tested were proven safe to international standards in terms of Ozone emission. &nbsp

Review on Image Inpainting using Intelligence Mining Techniques

Objective Inpainting is a technique for fixing or removing undesired areas of an image. Methods In present scenario, image plays a vital role in every aspect such as business images, satellite images, and medical images and so on. Results and Conclusion This paper presents a comprehensive review of past traditional image inpainting methods and the present state-of-the-art deep learning methods and also detailed the strengths and weaknesses of each to provide new insights in the field

Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019 : Update from the GBD 2019 Study

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases

Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: update from the GBD 2019 study

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases

Bamboo modification with acetic anhydride and silicone oil assisted by supercritical CO2_{2}

Das Hauptziel dieser Studie war die Modifikation der wasseraufnehmenden Eigenschaften von Bambus, um die Lebenspanne durch Steigerung der Wasserabweisung zu erhöhen. Diese Untersuchung wurde in mehreren Schritten durchgeführt. Zuerst wurde Bambus mittels superkritischer CO$_{2}$-Extraktion vorbehandelt. Zweitens wurden die zum Phasengleichgewicht führenden Daten mittels der statisch-analytischen Methode ermittelt. In diesem Schritt wurden Essigsäureanhydrid-CO$_{2}$ Daten mittels des von Orbey und Schneider zur Verfügung gestellten Programms ermittelt. Drittens wurde Bambus mittels Essigsäureanhydrid und Silikonöl - mit Unterstützung von superkritischen CO$_{2}$ - behandelt. Abschließend wurden die behandelten Objekte einem Haltbarkeitstest, einem Witterungstest und einem Benetzungsfähigkeitstest ausgesetzt. Die Hauptergebnisse zeigen, dass während der acetylierte Bambus eine erweiterte Lebensspanne vorweist, das Silikonöl behandelte Bambus während der Behandlung an Masse verliert.The main goal of this study is to modify the hydrophilic behavior of the bamboo in order to prolong the natural lifespan by making it more hydrophobic which conducted in several steps. First, the pretreatment of bamboo was accomplished with supercritical CO$_{2}$ extraction. Second, the phase equilibrium data were obtained with the static analytical method. During this step, acetic anhydride-CO$_{2}$ data was assessed with the program provided by Orbey and Sandler. Third, the modification of bamboo was executed using acetic anhydride and silicone oil assisted by supercritical CO$_{2}$ by using a statistical design of experiment approach. Last, the modified products were assessed in the durability test, the weathering test, and the wettability test. The main results shown that the acetylated bamboo can be categorized as a durable material with hydrophobic, whereas acetylated bamboo exhibits a prolonged lifetime, the silicone oil-modified bamboo samples still loss the mass during the assessment

Atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in air

A pulsed atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) device operating in air is investigated for medical applications such as for skin disinfection and promotion of wound healing. The device ignites plasma on objects of high capacitance such as the human body and with grounded electrodes. Plasma parameters such as electron density and electron distribution function are determined. Plasma chemical kinetics is simulated and the production of biologically-useful molecules namely nitric oxide (NO) and ozone is estimated for use in dermatology. Prior to plasma characterisation on human body, simple materials such as aluminium (flat and spike), buffer solution (PBS) and glass are used as grounded electrodes for plasma characterisation. A single-filamentary discharge with spike, a stochastic-filamentary discharge with aluminium and PBS, and a homogeneous discharge with glass are observed. 2 minute DBD treatment of mouse skin shows no inflammation or any carcinogenic effects