L'experiència artística de la fotografia com a eina terapèutica: estimulació emocional i normalització de la imatge de l’Alzheimer i la vellesa

La Residència i Centre de dia Oms-Residència Sant Miquel de la Conselleria de Família i Serveis Socials acull una població de gent gran que té un nivell màxim de dependència i molts de casos, a més, també tenen diagnòstic de demència en els graus moderat i avançat. Aquesta problemàtica, que té repercussions sociosaniàries importants, precisa un abordatge integral que incideixi en tots els aspectes que estan lligats al deteriorament cognitiu, al declivi físic i a alteracions conductuals associades a la patologia. Tot i que és un procés crònic, irreversible i progressiu, fins i tot a les darreres fases de la malaltia es poden aplicar diferents estratègies d’intervenció que tenen resultats positius. «El gesto como terapia. Fotografías Antonio Molina» i «De los besos no me olvido. Los enfermeros azules visitan mi colegio» són dos projectes que potencien el valor del gest i els beneficis de l’emoció com a eina valuosa per comprendre la solidaritat intergeneracional i la normalització de la imatge de la demència, i acostar-nos-hi, en una aposta per les teràpies no farmacològiques. A través de l’experiència artística, mitjançant la fotografia, el vídeo i el dibuix, hom pretén que la imatge sigui un punt de partida per investigar i fer propostes socioeducatives al voltant de la vellesa i la dependència.La Residència i Centre de dia Oms-Residència Sant Miquel de la Conselleria de Família i Serveis Socials acoge a una población mayor con el máximo nivel de dependencia y con frecuencia diagnosticada de demencia en sus grados moderados y avanzados. Esta problemática, que tiene importantes repercusiones sociosanitarias, precisa de un abordaje integral que incida en todos aquellos aspectos ligados al deterioro cognitivo, declive físico y alteraciones conductuales asociadas a la patología. A pesar de tratarse de un proceso crónico, irreversible y progresivo, incluso en las últimas fases de la enfermedad se pueden llevar a cabo diferentes estrategias de intervención con resultados positivos. «El gesto como terapia. Fotografías Antonio Molina» y «De los besos no me olvido. Los enfermeros azules visitan mi colegio» son dos proyectos que potencian el valor del gesto, y los beneficios de la emoción como herramienta valiosa para la comprensión y el acercamiento, en una apuesta por las terapias no farmacológicas, la solidaridad intergeneracional y la normalización de la imagen de la demencia. A través de la experiencia artística, mediante la fotografía, el video y el dibujo se persigue hacer de la imagen un punto de partida para la investigación y para propuestas socioeducativas en torno a la vejez y la dependencia

Validez e invarianza factorial de una medida breve de Satisfacción con la Vida Familiar

RESUMEN Se examinó la estructura factorial, la confiabilidad, la validez convergente y discriminante, y la invarianza factorial por sexo, de la Satisfaction with Family Life Scale (SWFLS). Los participantes fueron 804 estudiantes de primaria y secundaria de escuelas privadas de Lima, con un promedio de edad de 13.5 años (DE = 1.6). Los resultados confirman la estructura unidimensional de la escala (χ2 = 3.49, df = 5, p = 0.63; χ2/df = 0.69; GFI = 0.998; CFI = 1; NFI = 0.998; RMSEA = 0 [IC90% 0, 0.038] y SRMR = 0.007), la invarianza factorial por sexo y una consistencia interna adecuada (α = 0.84; ω = 0.84; H = 0.85). Se obtuvieron evidencias satisfactorias de validez convergente y discriminante de las SWFLS con medidas de funcionalidad familiar, bienestar subjetivo y depresión. En conclusión, la SWFLS presenta excelentes propiedades psicométricas para medir la satisfacción con la vida familiar en escolares limeños. Palabras clave análisis factorial confirmatorio; invarianza factorial; satisfacción con la vida familiar; escolares peruanos. ABSTRACT We examined the factor structure, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and factorial invariance by sex of the Satisfaction with Family Life Scale (SWFLS). The participants were 804 primary and secondary students from private schools in Lima, with an average age of 13.5 years (SD = 1.6). The results confirm the one-dimensional structure of the scale (χ2 = 3.49, df = 5, p = 0.63, χ2/df = 0.69, GFI = 0.998, CFI = 1, NFI = 0.998, RMSEA = 0 [IC90% 0, 0.038], and SRMR = 0.007), factorial invariance by sex and adequate internal consistency (α = 0.84; ω = 0.84; H = 0.85). Satisfactory evidence of convergent and discriminant validity of the SWFLS was obtained with measures of family functionality, subjective well-being and depression. In conclusion, the SWFLS presents excellent psychometric properties to measure satisfaction with family life in Lima schoolchildren. Keywords confirmatory factor analysis; factorial invariance; satisfaction with family life; Peruvian schoolchildren

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis

[Background and purpose] Prognosis of myasthenia gravis (MG) in patients with thymoma is not well established. Moreover, it is not clear whether thymoma recurrence or unresectable lesions entail a worse prognosis of MG.[Methods] This multicenter study was based on data from a Spanish neurologist-driven MG registry. All patients were aged >18 years at onset and had anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies. We compared the clinical data of thymomatous and nonthymomatous patients. Prognosis of patients with recurrent or nonresectable thymomas was assessed.[Results] We included 964 patients from 15 hospitals; 148 (15.4%) had thymoma-associated MG. Median follow-up time was 4.6 years. At onset, thymoma-associated MG patients were younger (52.0 vs. 60.4 years, p < 0.001), had more generalized symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95–4.68, p < 0.001) and more severe clinical forms according to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) scale (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.15–2.21, p = 0.005). Disease severity based on MGFA postintervention status (MGFA-PIS) was higher in thymomatous patients at 1 year, 5 years, and the end of follow-up. Treatment refractoriness and mortality were also higher (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.43–3.63, p = 0.001; hazard ratio: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.47–4.14, p = 0.001). Myasthenic symptoms worsened in 13 of 27 patients with recurrences, but differences in long-term severity were not significant. Fifteen thymomatous patients had nonresectable thymomas with worse MGFA-PIS and higher mortality at the end of follow-up.[Conclusions] Thymoma-associated MG patients had more severe myasthenic symptoms and worse prognosis. Thymoma recurrence was frequently associated with transient worsening of MG, but long-term prognosis did not differ from nonrecurrent thymoma. Patients with nonresectable thymoma tended to present severe forms of MG.This work is supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) grant FIS19/01774, Instituto de Salud Carlos III and cofunded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, A Way to Make Europe/Investing in Your Future). Rodrigo Álvarez-Velasco was supported by a PhD for Medical Doctors grant from the Pla Estratègic de Recerca i Innovació en Salut (PERIS), Generalitat de Catalunya (SLT008/18/00207). Elena Cortés-Vicente was supported by a Juan Rodés grant (JR19/00037) from the Fondo de Investigación en Salud, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Health (Spain).Peer reviewe

PDGF-BB serum levels are decreased in adult onset Pompe patients

Adult onset Pompe disease is a genetic disorder characterized by slowly progressive skeletal and respiratory muscle weakness. Symptomatic patients are treated with enzymatic replacement therapy with human recombinant alfa glucosidase. Motor functional tests and spirometry are commonly used to follow patients up. However, a serological biomarker that correlates with the progression of the disease could improve follow-up. We studied serum concentrations of TGFβ, PDGF-BB, PDGF-AA and CTGF growth factors in 37 adult onset Pompe patients and 45 controls. Moreover, all patients performed several muscle function tests, conventional spirometry, and quantitative muscle MRI using 3-point Dixon. We observed a statistically significant change in the serum concentration of each growth factor in patients compared to controls. However, only PDGF-BB levels were able to differentiate between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, suggesting its potential role in the follow-up of asymptomatic patients. Moreover, our results point to a dysregulation of muscle regeneration as an additional pathomechanism of Pompe disease

A POGLUT1 mutation causes a muscular dystrophy with reduced Notch signaling and satellite cell loss

Skeletal muscle regeneration by muscle satellite cells is a physiological mechanism activated upon muscle damage and regulated by Notch signaling. In a family with autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, we identified a missense mutation in 1 (protein O -glucosyltransferase 1), an enzyme involved in Notch posttranslational modification and function. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the mutation reduces O -glucosyltransferase activity on Notch and impairs muscle development. Muscles from patients revealed decreased Notch signaling, dramatic reduction in satellite cell pool and a muscle-specific α-dystroglycan hypoglycosylation not present in patients' fibroblasts. Primary myoblasts from patients showed slow proliferation, facilitated differentiation, and a decreased pool of quiescent 7 + cells. A robust rescue of the myogenesis was demonstrated by increasing Notch signaling. None of these alterations were found in muscles from secondary dystroglycanopathy patients. These data suggest that a key pathomechanism for this novel form of muscular dystrophy is Notch-dependent loss of satellite cells

Steroid hormone levels in postmenopausal hysterectomised women with and without ovarian conservation: the continuous endocrine function of the ovaries

This study aims to clarify the effect of postmenopausal bilateral oophorectomy on plasma steroid hormone levels. Women who were submitted in the postmenopausal period to hysterectomy for uterine benign conditions were divided into two groups: 18 women had isolated hysterectomy and 11 had hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In both groups serum hormone levels were quantified by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Differences in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone, androstenedione and oestradiol were determined in both groups. The analysis revealed lower steroid levels in the bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy group when compared to the isolated hysterectomy group with statistically significant differences found for DHEA (5.8 ± 3.2 vs. 9.4 ± 4.4 ng/mL; p = 0.019) and oestradiol (0.69 ± 0.4 vs. 1.48 ± 4.3 ng/mL; p = 0.007). The results are consistent with a significant endocrine activity of the postmenopausal ovary. The clinical consequences of these findings need to be clarified and postmenopausal prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy re-evaluated.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Although it is consensual that premenopausal prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy should not be performed because it has harmful effects on women's health, the evidence regarding the effects of postmenopausal prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy is scarce and this procedure continues to be a regular practice. Few studies have demonstrated that postmenopausal ovaries still have endocrine activity that may impact older women's health. What do the results of this study add? This is the first study to compare hormone levels of postmenopausal women based on their hysterectomy and oophorectomy status using GC-MS/MS, a highly sensitive bioanalytical assay for the measurement of steroid hormones. Previous studies relied on immunoassays and did not compare DHEA levels, which according to the intracrinology theory is a precursor for androgens and oestrogens. In this study, statistically significant lower levels of DHEA and oestradiol were found after postmenopausal bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This is a pilot study that may lead to further investigation in this area to clarify the impact of the prophylactic removal of postmenopausal ovaries on older women′s health and lead to changes in surgical procedures

25 años de Suma Psicológica. Un análisis bibliométrico

The study aimed was to make a bibliometric analysis of the journal Suma Psicologica, in order to know the evolution of the journal and its scientific production. In this paper historical elements of the trajectory of the journal as well as its chronological evolution are described; and from a database that considered 336 scientific articles on its final sample, an analysis of the collaboration indexes (Lawani & Subramanyam) and productivity (Lotka) was conducted, as well as the relationships between the authors in respect to signing countries, themes studied and methodologies used. On the results is highlighted the increase of the international collaboration in the period 2006-2017. In the same way, it was found a higher proportion of papers focused on the areas of clinical and health psychology and experimental psychology. The analysis made allows to show what the journal made becoming itself on a diffusion media of the psychological production in Latin America.El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la revista Suma Psicológica, con la finalidad de conocer la evolución de la revista y su producción científica. En el trabajo se describen elementos históricos en la trayectoria de la revista, así como su evolución cronológica; y a partir de una base de datos que consideró 336 artículos científicos en su muestra final, se realizó los análisis de los índices de colaboración (Lawani y Subramanyam) y productividad (Lotka), así como las relaciones entre los autores con respecto a los países firmantes, las temáticas y metodologías utilizadas. En los resultados se destaca el incremento de la colaboración internacional en el periodo 2006-2017. Asimismo, se encontró que la mayor cantidad de trabajos se enfocó en las áreas de psicología clínica y de la salud y psicología experimental. El análisis realizado permite evidenciar lo realizado por la revista convirtiéndose en un medio de difusión de la producción de psicología en Latinoamérica