Survey of oncohematological pharmaceutical care situation in Spain

Survey; Pharmaceutical care; Pharmaceutical servicesEncuesta; Atención farmacéutica; Servicios farmacéuticosEnquesta; Atenció farmacèutica; Serveis farmacèuticsObjective: To learn about the baseline of Oncohematological Pharmacy Units in Spanish hospitals in order to identify areas for improvement. Method: A survey in line with the objectives set in GEDEFO 2020 Strategic Plan of Pharmaceutical Care for oncohematological patients was designed. The survey was hosted on GEDEFO’s website during March and April 2017. Activity data for 2016 was collected. Results: A total of 95 hospitals responded to the survey. Out of which, 76% had an integrated information system of pharmacotherapeutic process management, where a variability in technological and organizational processes were found. The oncohematological pharmacist led the implementation of the principles of medicine, based on evidence and results obtained in routine clinical practice. It was shown that 88% of hospitals had standardized protocols. As for safety practices, in 83% of hospitals, oncohematological pharmacists actively participated in the development and maintenance of risk management program, implemented to prevent errors. Preparation was centralized in 89% of hospitals. Variability was observed in pharmaceutical care depending on where the patient was attended. In 92% of hospitals, pharmacists served as reference for Oncohematology, although with different levels of training. Major deficiencies were observed in training programs and teaching. Of all oncohematological pharmacists, 53% had been a researcher over the past three years. Conclusions: These results mark the starting point for Spanish Oncohematological Pharmacy Units to develop strategies for improving the quality of pharmaceutical care offered to oncohematological patients and led by GEDEFO, heads of service, and oncohematological patients themselves.Objetivo: Conocer la situación basal de las unidades de farmacia oncohematológica de los hospitales españoles para detectar ámbitos de mejora. Método: Se diseñó una encuesta acorde con los objetivos establecidos en el Plan Estratégico de Atención Farmacéutica al paciente oncohematológico del Grupo de Farmacia Oncológica de la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (GEDEFO 2020). La encuesta se alojó en la página web de GEDEFO durante marzo y abril de 2017. Se recogieron datos de actividad del año 2016. Resultados: Respondieron la encuesta 95 hospitales. Un 76% disponían de un sistema de información integral de gestión del proceso farmacoterapéutico, encontrándose variabilidad en los procesos tecnológicos y organizativos. El farmacéutico oncohematológico lideraba la aplicación de los principios de medicina basada en la evidencia y de los resultados obtenidos en la práctica clínica habitual, y se comprobó que un 88% de los hospitales contaba con protocolos estandarizados. En cuanto a prácticas de seguridad, en un 83% de los hospitales el Farmacéutico oncohematológico participaba activamente en el desarrollo y mantenimiento del programa de gestión de riesgos aplicado a la prevención de errores. La preparación estaba centralizada en un 89% de los hospitales. Se observó variabilidad en la atención farmacéutica en función de dónde se atendía al paciente. En el 92% de los hospitales existía Farmacéutico de referencia para oncohematología, aunque con distintos niveles de capacitación. Las mayores deficiencias se observaron en los programas de formación y docencia. Un 53% de los farmacéuticos oncohematológicos había sido investigador en los últimos tres años. Conclusiones: Estos resultados marcan el punto de partida de las unidades de farmacia oncohematológicas españolas para el desarrollo de estrategias de mejora de la calidad de la atención farmacéutica ofrecida a los pacientes oncohematológicos liderado por GEDEFO, jefes de Servicio y los propios farmacéuticos oncohematológicos.For the design tool of SEFH's website, where survey data were collected, it has been sponsored by Novartis, not expecting any external financing for the analysis of results nor the publication of the manuscript

First imported case of tick-borne encephalitis in Spain - was it alimentary?

As described by Kerlik, et al, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is an emerging infectionin Europe and alimentary transmission is increasingly being reported in some European countries[1,2]. However, this is not the case in Spain where no previous cases have been reported [2,3]. Herein, we describe an imported case of TBE in Spain in a boy who probably acquired the virus by ingestion of contaminated milky products in a trip to Estonia

Wood density and anatomy of three Eucalyptus species: implications for hydraulic conductivity

Aim of the study: To characterize wood anatomical traits of three Eucalyptus species that differ in wood density and ecological requirements, and to examine the relationships between some anatomical features, wood density, and theoretical xylem hydraulic conductivity (Ks). Area of study: We analyzed 86 trees from three sites of Argentina (Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires Provinces). Methods: The sampled trees were Eucalyptus globulus, E. grandis and E. viminalis ranging from 11 to 15 years old. One stem disc was cut from each tree to determine wood density and identify quantitative anatomical features of vessels and fibers. Vessel composition (S, size - to-number ratio, a measure of vessel size distribution) and lumen fraction (F, the total sapwood area available for water transport) were estimated. Results: E. grandis, the species with the highest growth rates, presented the highest theoretical Ks. This was associated with anatomical features such as a high density of wide vessels resulting in high F. On the other hand, E. viminalis, the species with the lowest growth rates and highest resistance to environmental stress, showed lower Ks as a result of a low density of wide vessels. These two species differed not only greatly in wood density but also in fiber characteristics. In the case of E. globulus, vessels were relatively narrow, which resulted in the lowest theoretical Ks, fibers were small, and wood density intermediate. Research highlights: F had greater influence on Ks than S. The anatomical characteristics and wood density could only partly explain the differential growth or resistance to stress of the studied species.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Certeza de Materialidad de la Operación en prevención del 69-B del Código Fiscal de la Federación

La Autoridad Fiscal ha implementado desde 2014 al Código Fiscal de la Federación el Artículo 69-B, el cual observa que el comprobante fiscal cuyo emisor no contenga los activos, personal, infraestructura o capacidad material para prestar la actividad que presume, esta será tomada como inexistente y, por tanto, el comprobante será tomado como no deducible. Como parte de la sanción, el emisor que no pueda impugnar será registrado en el listado de definitivos, dejando sin efectos fiscales todas sus actividades. Consecuencia de esto, todo cliente del proveedor afectado, no podrán deducir sus comprobantes, a menos que dentro de 30 días demuestre la materialidad de la operación. El Artículo 28 CFF observa que representa la contabilidad, pero ¿en qué normas nos podemos enfocar para la demostración de las pruebas necesarias para los clientes no culpables de fraude?, por esto la Tesis afirma en las Normas de Información Financiera Serie “A”, bajo los conceptos de Control y Fundamentos en la elaboración de los Estados Financieros nos otorga Certeza de la Operación. Mientras se realizó la investigación, tanto los autores investigados, así como las entrevistas realizadas indicaron que las NIF son indispensables para obtener Materialidad de la Operación. Para concluir, la búsqueda de la materialidad de la operación seguirá cambiando con el tiempo, pero siempre se fundamentará en las bases de la Información Financiera, por lo que las NIF siempre serán una manera relevante de obtener las pruebas necesarias ante la Autoridad Fiscal para la Deducción de las Erogaciones de las entidades

Shell Technology, Rock Art, and the Role of Marine Resources during the Upper Paleolithic

During the Upper Paleolithic, marine resources have traditionally been considered to be low-efficiency resources. However, in recent years, new data have emerged to demonstrate that their importance for human utilization was probably greater than previously thought. The assessment of their value has generally been from the perspective of their nutritional or ornamental value, not from the technological potential that these resources might have. A use-wear analysis of shells from the Gravettian levels of Fuente del Salín, a cave in northern Spain, has documented their use for a diverse range of production activities, most notably the processing of the red pigments used in artistic representations on the cave walls, as well as for tanning hide. This technological use of shells demonstrates that marine resources were of greater importance to the hunters and gatherers of the Upper Paleolithic and that their utility was more diverse than previously understood.This research was funded by the University of Cantabria through pre- and postdoctoral contract to David Cuenca-Solana and Alejandro Garcı´a-Moreno. Igor Gutierrez-Zugasti is currently funded by the Newton International Fellowships scheme. Parts of the analyses that support this research have been carried out as part of the project Human Response to Global Climate Change in a Littoral Zone: the Case of the Transition to the Holocene on the Cantabrian Coast (10,000–5,000 cal B.C.) (HAR2010-22115-C02-01), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation

Autoevaluación estudiantil en ingresantes y alumnos de la Carrera de Medicina

El trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación descriptiva, en el contexto de una investigación activa, basada en encuestas de autoevaluación estudiantil. Forma parte de un proyecto más abarcativo que incluye también a alumnos de la Carrera de Medicina.Los objetivos del proyecto son identificar las principales fortalezas y debilidades en el desempeño académico de los aspirantes a ingresar a la carrera de medicina en los cursos anual e intensivo, realizando un análisis comparativo de sus principales características como estudiantes y de su respectivo rendimiento académico.Como material y método fue utilizado un cuestionario de autoevaluación cuyos ítems exploran las fortalezas y debilidades en el cursado de las diversas materias, empleándose una escala Lickert. Se administró grupalmente a 838 aspirantes del ingreso intensivo (n= 623) y anual (n=215) desde 2007 a 2012.Los resultados nos muestran que los alumnos del ingreso anual consideran tener mayores dificultades en la cursada de todas las materias que sus pares del ingreso intensivo, siendo las medianas de grado de dificultad significativas (p < .01) en tres asignaturas: Biología General, Química y Físico-Matemática. En ambas muestras, la mayor dificultad reside en la cursada de Biología Celular y la menor en Metodología del Aprendizaje. Los alumnos del ingreso anual tienen mayor dificultad para resolver los problemas de Física y Matemática.Se presenta como conclusión que aunque hay coincidencia en las materias que les presentan mayor y menor dificultad, los alumnos del ingreso anual manifiestan tener mayores dificultades académicas. Dado que ambos cursos tienen un perfil de alumnos coincidente, son dictados por los mismos docentes; son idénticos en sus contenidos y en la metodología de evaluación, y tan sólo existe una diferencia de cinco horas en su carga horaria total; la variable diferenciadora significativa es la intensa dedicación requerida por el curso intensivo. Esto implica un gran compromiso personal y una cuidadosa administración del tiempo, que al parecer se constituye en un factor favorecedor decisivo en el desempeño académico del alumnado.We present the results of a descriptive statistical research project, in the context of research basedon surveys of student self-assesment. The present findings are part of a larger project that also includesstudents of the School of Medicine.The objectives is to present the strenghts and weaknesses in academic performance of intensiveand annual entrance course students in the School of Medicine and performing a comparativeanalysis of their main characteristics as students and their respective academic performance.We distributed a self assesment survey whose items explore the strengths and weaknesses invarious courses, using a Lickert scale. The survey was administered by cohort to a total of 838 intensiveentrance course students (n = 623) and annual course students (n=215) from 2007 to 2012.The results show that annual entrance course students consider having greater difficulty in allsubjects than their peers in the intensive entrance course, with the mean describing the degree ofdifficulty being statistically significant ( p < .01) in three subjects: Cellular Biology, Chemistry andPhysics-Mathematics. In both samples, the greatest difficulty is in Cellular Biology and the leastdifficulty in Learning Methodology. Students of the annual course have greater difficulty to solvethe problems of Physics and Mathematics.We conclude that although there is coincidence between students of both samples in the subjectsthat present the greatest difficulty, the students of the annual entrance course express having greateracademic difficulty. Given both courses have the same student profile, are taught by the same faculty,are identical in content and in evaluation methodology, and there is only a 5 hour difference intotal required attendance hours, the variable most likely affecting the difference in results is the intensepace required by the intensive entrance course. Such pace implies great personal commitmentand careful time management, which apparently is a decisive factor in the academic performanceof students

Autoevaluación estudiantil en ingresantes y alumnos de la Carrera de Medicina

El trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación descriptiva, en el contexto de una investigación activa, basada en encuestas de autoevaluación estudiantil. Forma parte de un proyecto más abarcativo que incluye también a alumnos de la Carrera de Medicina.Los objetivos del proyecto son identificar las principales fortalezas y debilidades en el desempeño académico de los aspirantes a ingresar a la carrera de medicina en los cursos anual e intensivo, realizando un análisis comparativo de sus principales características como estudiantes y de su respectivo rendimiento académico.Como material y método fue utilizado un cuestionario de autoevaluación cuyos ítems exploran las fortalezas y debilidades en el cursado de las diversas materias, empleándose una escala Lickert. Se administró grupalmente a 838 aspirantes del ingreso intensivo (n= 623) y anual (n=215) desde 2007 a 2012.Los resultados nos muestran que los alumnos del ingreso anual consideran tener mayores dificultades en la cursada de todas las materias que sus pares del ingreso intensivo, siendo las medianas de grado de dificultad significativas (p < .01) en tres asignaturas: Biología General, Química y Físico-Matemática. En ambas muestras, la mayor dificultad reside en la cursada de Biología Celular y la menor en Metodología del Aprendizaje. Los alumnos del ingreso anual tienen mayor dificultad para resolver los problemas de Física y Matemática.Se presenta como conclusión que aunque hay coincidencia en las materias que les presentan mayor y menor dificultad, los alumnos del ingreso anual manifiestan tener mayores dificultades académicas. Dado que ambos cursos tienen un perfil de alumnos coincidente, son dictados por los mismos docentes; son idénticos en sus contenidos y en la metodología de evaluación, y tan sólo existe una diferencia de cinco horas en su carga horaria total; la variable diferenciadora significativa es la intensa dedicación requerida por el curso intensivo. Esto implica un gran compromiso personal y una cuidadosa administración del tiempo, que al parecer se constituye en un factor favorecedor decisivo en el desempeño académico del alumnado.We present the results of a descriptive statistical research project, in the context of research basedon surveys of student self-assesment. The present findings are part of a larger project that also includesstudents of the School of Medicine.The objectives is to present the strenghts and weaknesses in academic performance of intensiveand annual entrance course students in the School of Medicine and performing a comparativeanalysis of their main characteristics as students and their respective academic performance.We distributed a self assesment survey whose items explore the strengths and weaknesses invarious courses, using a Lickert scale. The survey was administered by cohort to a total of 838 intensiveentrance course students (n = 623) and annual course students (n=215) from 2007 to 2012.The results show that annual entrance course students consider having greater difficulty in allsubjects than their peers in the intensive entrance course, with the mean describing the degree ofdifficulty being statistically significant ( p < .01) in three subjects: Cellular Biology, Chemistry andPhysics-Mathematics. In both samples, the greatest difficulty is in Cellular Biology and the leastdifficulty in Learning Methodology. Students of the annual course have greater difficulty to solvethe problems of Physics and Mathematics.We conclude that although there is coincidence between students of both samples in the subjectsthat present the greatest difficulty, the students of the annual entrance course express having greateracademic difficulty. Given both courses have the same student profile, are taught by the same faculty,are identical in content and in evaluation methodology, and there is only a 5 hour difference intotal required attendance hours, the variable most likely affecting the difference in results is the intensepace required by the intensive entrance course. Such pace implies great personal commitmentand careful time management, which apparently is a decisive factor in the academic performanceof students

Nuevo cultivar con frutos y sépalos convertidos en frutos de alto interés para su consumo fresco y procesado industrial

Número de publicación: 2 341 527 21 Número de solicitud: 200900003 51 Int. Cl.: C12N 15/82 (2006.01) A01H 5/00 (2006.01Nuevo cultivar con frutos y sépalos convertidos en frutos de alto interés para su consumo fresco y procesado industrial. En la presente invención se describen secuencias de nucleótidos capaces de incrementar la expresión de un gen de desarrollo reproductivo lo que tiene como resultado la generación de cultivares con un fruto de alto interés para su consumo fresco y procesado industrial caracterizado por poseer características mejoradas respecto de los cultivares conocidos de variedades comerciales. Estos nuevos cultivares tienen el cáliz de la flor carnoso y convertido en fruto. El fruto verdadero y el cáliz tienen mayores niveles de azúcares y licopeno y un mayor contenido en grados Brix. Además, exhiben una mayor tasa de cuajado de fruto y tienen inhibida la zona de abscisión del fruto, lo que facilita la recolección mecánica.Universidad de Almerí

Wood density and anatomy of three Eucalyptus species: implications for hydraulic conductivity

Aim of the study: To characterize wood anatomical traits of three Eucalyptus species that differ in wood density and ecological requirements, and to examine the relationships between some anatomical features, wood density, and theoretical xylem hydraulic conductivity (Ks). Area of study: We analyzed 86 trees from three sites of Argentina (Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires Provinces). Methods: The sampled trees were Eucalyptus globulus, E. grandis and E. viminalis ranging from 11 to 15 years old. One stem disc was cut from each tree to determine wood density and identify quantitative anatomical features of vessels and fibers. Vessel composition (S, size - to-number ratio, a measure of vessel size distribution) and lumen fraction (F, the total sapwood area available for water transport) were estimated. Results: E. grandis, the species with the highest growth rates, presented the highest theoretical Ks. This was associated with anatomical features such as a high density of wide vessels resulting in high F. On the other hand, E. viminalis, the species with the lowest growth rates and highest resistance to environmental stress, showed lower Ks as a result of a low density of wide vessels. These two species differed not only greatly in wood density but also in fiber characteristics. In the case of E. globulus, vessels were relatively narrow, which resulted in the lowest theoretical Ks, fibers were small, and wood density intermediate. Research highlights: F had greater influence on Ks than S. The anatomical characteristics and wood density could only partly explain the differential growth or resistance to stress of the studied species.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Preclinical studies with glioblastoma brain organoid co-cultures show efficient 5-ALA photodynamic therapy

Abstract: Background: The high recurrence of glioblastoma (GB) that occurs adjacent to the resection cavity within two years of diagnosis urges an improvement of therapies oriented to GB local control. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed to cleanse infiltrating tumor cells from parenchyma to ameliorate short long-term progression-free survival. We examined 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)- mediated PDT effects as therapeutical treatment and determined optimal conditions for PDT efficacy without causing phototoxic injury to the normal brain tissue. Methods: We used a platform of Glioma Initiation Cells (GICs) infiltrating cerebral organoids with two different glioblastoma cells, GIC7 and PG88. We measured GICs-5-ALA uptake and PDT/5-ALA activity in dose-response curves and the efficacy of the treatment by measuring proliferative activity and apoptosis. Results: 5-ALA (50 and 100  g/mL) was applied, and the release of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence measures demonstrated that the emission of PpIX increases progressively until its stabilization at 24 h. Moreover, decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis corroborated the effect of 5-ALA/PDT on cancer cells without altering normal cells. Conclusions: We provide evidence about the effectiveness of PDT to treat high proliferative GB cells in a complex in vitro system, which combines normal and cancer cells and is a useful tool to standardize new strategic therapies