¿ Trastornos de personalidad en la adolescencia?

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de la existencia o no de trastornos de personalidad en la adolescencia, tema sometido a debate en el campo de la psiquiatría, mediante un diseño de caso único. Se utilizaron criterios de inclusión y de exclusión para elegir un caso clínico relevante que se prestara a realizar una discusión de la que extraer conclusiones teóricas sobre dicho debate. Este caso es ilustrativo de un grupo de pacientes que ya en su adolescencia presentan patrones relacionales distintivos y característicos similares a los patrones de personalidad del adulto. Basándonos en los datos del caso y en la revisión de artículos relacionados con este tema, pensamos que es necesario reconocer la existencia de los trastornos de personalidad ya en la adolescencia, siendo de vital importancia el estudio y el seguimiento de los mismosOtroGrado en Medicin

UniMOOC: colaborative work, innovating in education

Desde que en 2007-2008 se pusiera en práctica por vez primera la metodología MOOC (Cursos Abierto Online y Masivo), el proceso de innovación educativa se ha acelerado gracias a iniciativas tan potentes como Udacity, Coursera o MITx. Su impacto potencial en el mundo universitario y de la enseñanza en general han llevado a replantear el futuro de la educación a gran escala. El éxito de los MOOCs ha sido exponencial, desde los 50 matriculados en el curso de David Wiley sobre Educación Abierta (año 2007) hasta los más de 2.5 millones de inscritos en Coursera en 2012. Hasta este punto, se ha vivido un proceso de reafirmación y apuesta por el modelo tanto por parte de la sociedad como de las instituciones educativas de mayor prestigio en el mundo. A pesar de encontrarnos aun en un marco metodológico claramente experimental, ya nadie puede negar el éxito cosechado por los MOOCs y el previsible futuro que parece aguardarles. En este documento se presenta el caso UniMOOC como el primer MOOC para emprendedores en español, un proyecto que comienza a definirse en la primavera de 2012, y que cuenta con una proyección orientada a alcanzar los 60.000 alumnos en su primera edición.In 2007-2008 appeared for the very first time the MOOC phenomenon (Massive Open Online Course). Since then educational innovation process has accelerated due to initiatives like Udacity, Coursera or MITx. The potential impact of MOOCs in every educational grade has forced to rethink the future of universities and schools. The success of MOOCs has been exponential: the 2007 David Wiley's Open Education MOOC involved 50 students; in 2012 were more than 2.5 millions of courserians inscribed in at least one of the thousands MOOCs offered in Coursera. To gain the current success it has been necessary the society recognition and the support from the main educational institutions of the world. Nowadays the educational community is still in the first stage of the MOOC methodology, but what it has achieved in a few years aim to a favourable future. In this paper we present UniMOOC Project, like the first Spanish MOOC for entrepreneurships. This Project started to define in Spring of 2012, and it is projected to reach more than 60.000 users in its first edition

Economic crises and market performance—A machine learning approach

This note analyzes the relationship between economic crises and tourism performance in Spain during the period 1970–2013 using machine learning techniques. Specifically, a regression tree is estimated to confirm that, although the dynamics of Spanish tourism performance is influenced by the general variables established by the literature, the crisis periods disrupt the natural functioning of these dynamics, provoking disturbances that affect the tourism market position of destinations to a greater extent than expected. Conversely, to other econometric techniques, machine learning approach allows us to achieve greater flexibility and enriches the information, estimating the interrelations and thresholds operating in this context

Imaging the Human Immunological Synapse

The purpose of the method is to generate an immunological synapse (IS), an example of cell-to-cell conjugation formed by an antigen-presenting cell (APC) and an effector helper T lymphocyte (Th) cell, and to record the images corresponding to the first stages of the IS formation and the subsequent trafficking events (occurring both in the APC and in the Th cell). These events will eventually lead to polarized secretion at the IS. In this protocol, Jurkat cells challenged with Staphylococcus enterotoxin E (SEE)-pulsed Raji cells as a cell synapse model was used, because of the closeness of this experimental system to the biological reality (Th cell-APC synaptic conjugates). The approach presented here involves cell-to-cell conjugation, time-lapse acquisition, wide-field fluorescence microscopy (WFFM) followed by image processing (post-acquisition deconvolution). This improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the images, enhances the temporal resolution, allows the synchronized acquisition of several fluorochromes in emerging synaptic conjugates and decreases fluorescence bleaching. In addition, the protocol is well matched with the end point cell fixation protocols (paraformaldehyde, acetone or methanol), which would allow further immunofluorescence staining and analyses. This protocol is also compatible with laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and other state-of-the-art microscopy techniques. As a main caveat, only those T cell-APC boundaries (called IS interfaces) that were at the right 90° angle to the focus plane along the Z-axis could be properly imaged and analyzed. Other experimental models exist that simplify imaging in the Z dimension and the following image analyses, but these approaches do not emulate the complex, irregular surface of an APC, and may promote non-physiological interactions in the IS. Thus, the experimental approach used here is suitable to reproduce and to confront some biological complexities occurring at the ISThis work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica (SAF2016-77561-R to M.I., which was in part granted with FEDER-EC funding). We acknowledge Facultad de Medicina (UAM) and Departamento de Audiovisuales of the Facultad de Medicina for their support and the facilities provided to produce the vide

Vegetation changes and hydrological fluctuations in the Central Ebro Basin (NE Spain) since the Late Glacial period: Saline lake records

The final version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00310182Although the Central Ebro Basin (Northeastern Iberian Peninsula) is both the northernmost semi-arid area in Europe and one of the regions with the largest biodiversity, it has been insufficiently studied in terms of past climate variability due to the scarcity of suitable sites for palaeoenvironmental analyses. Previous studies from ephemeral saline lakes in the area, mainly based on palynological data, show abrupt and rapid arid/humid transitions throughout the last glacial cycle highlighting a complex palaeohydrological evolution. New cores from two saline lakes (La Playa and La Salineta) in the Los Monegros area provide multi-proxy records including sedimentology, geochemistry, and pollen indicators. This study, together with a detailed and comprehensive review of the main saline records from the Central Ebro Basin, enables us tos reconstruct a comprehensive picture of the palaeoclimate evolution during the last glacial cycle. One of the main results of this study is the alternation of humid and dry phases as a characteristic of the climate evolution during the Lateglacial. Additionally, the study suggests an important role of the increased flow from the Pyrenean rivers during deglaciation in the hydrological balance of the Central Ebro Basin. It is found that the Early Holocene is the wettest period over the sequence studied contrasting with the arid Middle Holocene interval, which is frequently absent as a result of intense aeolian erosive processes. Although anthropogenic activity partially masks the climate signal from the palynological data in the uppermost part of the sequences studied, there are some sedimentological evidences for a climate change during the last 2000 years resulting in a recovery of average saline lake levels in the Central Ebro Basin.This work was part of the project “Arid periods in the Mediterranean area since the Last Glacial Maximum” (REN 2000-1136/CLI), and LIMNOCLIBER (REN 2003-09130-C02-02), funded by the CICYT, and the project “Environmental evolution and effects of the anthropogenic impact in the lacustrine complex of Bujaraloz–Sástago” (PO23/2001), funded by the Aragon regional government (DGA). We acknowledge the Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (CSIC) for financial support.Peer reviewe

The Development of Low-Cost Airlines and Tourism as a Competitiveness Complementor: Effects, Evolution and Strategies

This paper addresses the relationship between the development of the airline industry and tourism. On the one hand, air transport has triggered the growth of tourism throughout the world, while, on the other hand, tourism has acted as a complementary product for developing new flight routes. This process has intensified with the emergence of low-cost carriers. A profound change has been observed in companies’ strategy to adapt to the demands of this type of market. To conduct this study, a review of the existing literature related to tourism and low-cost carriers was carried out. To conclude, an analysis of the positioning and price-fixing strategies of low-cost airlines operating on some of the most important tourist routes in Europe was performed. The results indicate different level of fares among the five companies in the sample, especially between Ryanair and easyJet, but similar pricing behaviour on the routes studied

The last deglaciation in the Picos de Europa National Park (Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain)

42 páginas, 8 figuras, 4 tablas.-- El PDF del artículo esta en formato pre-print.A sedimentological and geochemical study of the Lago Enol sequence (Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain), together with detailed geomorphological mapping, provides a first record of glacier evolution and climate change over the last 40 ka in the Picos de Europa National Park. The Enol glacier retreated from its maximum extent prior to 40 ka BP as demonstrated by the onset of proglacial lacustrine sedimentation in two glaciated depressions: the Comella hollow to the north (before 40 ka BP) and the Lago Enol (before 38 ka BP). These results support previous evidence that the maximum extent of southern European glaciers occurred earlier than in northern Europe. Alternation of homogeneous and laminated proglacial sediments during the glacier retreat illustrate a dynamic glacial evolution during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 (40–26 ka BP). A slight warming is detected at 26 ka ago with the change from proglacial sediments (in a lake located in contact to the glacier) to glaciolacustrine sedimentation (in a non-contact or distal lake). Finally, the onset of organic-rich sediments took place at 18 ka ago. This last transition occurred in two phases, similarly to the North Atlantic Last Termination, suggesting a link between North Atlantic Deep Water formation oscillations and palaeohydrological variability in the Cantabrian Mountains.This research has been funded through the projects LIMNOCLIBER (REN2003-09130-C02-02), IBERLIMNO (CGL2005-20236-E/CLI), LIMNOCAL (CGL2006-13327-C04-01) and GRACCIE (CSD2007-00067), provided by the Spanish Inter-Ministry Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT). Additional funding was provided by the Spanish National Parks Agency through the project ‘Evolución climática y ambiental del Parque Nacional de Picos de Europa desde el último máximo glaciar – ref: 53/2006’. A. Moreno acknowledges funding from the European Commission's Sixth Framework Program (Marie Curie Outgoing International Fellowships, proposal 021673-IBERABRUPT).Peer reviewe

El reto de la competitividad turística a largo plazo en la era de la innovación: España como caso de estudio

This article questions whether the innovation deficit observed in the tourism sector on a global scale also characterises the world’s leading power in terms of tourism competitiveness and whether Spain is taking the right steps so as to guarantee the future leadership of its destinations. Spain’s innovative framework will be analysed in its European context, placing emphasis on the innovative intensity of the most important tourist regions. Spanish tourism companies and their capacity for innovation will also be studied in relation to those operating in other sectors. Formulas for generating tourism industries capable of assimilating and creating innovation will be proposed as a way of tackling the transformations that the sector is currently experiencing with the emergence of smart tourism destinations, the sharing economy and other disruptive changes, such as artificial intelligence. It is important to take a long-term perspective of competitiveness in which innovation and digital transformation have become the centre of political, social and corporate action in the sector. Meeting these challenges will mean the implementation of a series of more specific policies and strategies that will foster Smart Tourist Destinations and the development of a more digitalised and responsible economy in which the collaboration between citizens and tourists within the destination is the frame of reference.Este artículo cuestiona si el déficit de innovación observado en el sector turístico a escala global también caracteriza la capacidad de liderazgo en lo que respecta a competitividad turística, y también si España está dando los pasos adecuados para garantizar el liderazgo futuro de sus destinos. El marco de referencia de la innovación española será analizado en su contexto europeo, haciendo énfasis en la intensidad de innovación de las regiones turísticas más importantes. Las empresas turísticas españolas y su capacidad innovadora también serán analizadas, en relación a otras que operan en sectores distintos. Se harán propuestas para estimular la generación de industrias turísticas capaces de asimilar y crear innovación, como una manera de abordar las transformaciones que el sector está experimentando en la actualidad con la emergencia de los destinos turísticos inteligentes, la economía colaborativa y otros cambios disruptivos, como la inteligencia artificial. Es importante adoptar una perspectiva de largo plazo de la competitividad en la cual la innovación y la transformación digital se conviertan en el eje de las acciones tanto políticas como sociales y corporativas del sector. Enfrentar este desafío supondrá la implementación de una serie de políticas y estrategias más específicas que, a su vez, fomentarán los Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes y el desarrollo de una economía más digitalizada pero también más responsable en la que la colaboración entre ciudadanos y turistas dentro del destino sea el marco de referencia

Generation of a human iPSC line from a patient with Leigh syndrome

Human iPSC line LND554SV.3 was generated from heteroplasmic fibroblasts of a patient with Leigh syndrome carrying a mutation in the MT-ND5 gene (m.13513G. >. A; p.D393N). Reprogramming factors Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and cMyc were delivered using a non-integrative methodology that involves the use of Sendai virus.This work was supported by grants from the “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras” (CIBERER) (grant 13-717/132.05 to RG), the “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” [Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria and Regional Development Fund (ERDF/FEDER) funds PI10/0703 and PI13/00556 to RG and PI15/00484 to MEG], “Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid” (grant number S2010/BMD-2402 to RG); TG receives grant support from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (FPI-UAM) and FZD from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU13/00544). MEG is a staff scientist at the “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras” (CIBERER) at the “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras” (CIBERER)