906 research outputs found
Respiratory evaluation through volumetric capnography among grade III obese and eutrophic individuals: a comparative study
sem informaçãoExcess trunk body fat in obese individuals influences respiratory physiological function. The of this study were to compare volumetric capnography findings (VCap) between severely obese patients and normal-weight subjects and to assess whether there is a1372177183sem informaçãosem informaçãosem informaçã
Mechanisms underlying gas exchange alterations in an experimental model of pulmonary embolism
The aim of the present study was to determine the ventilation/perfusion ratio that contributes to hypoxemia in pulmonary embolism by analyzing blood gases and volumetric capnography in a model of experimental acute pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolization with autologous blood clots was induced in seven pigs weighing 24.00 ± 0.6 kg, anesthetized and mechanically ventilated. Significant changes occurred from baseline to 20 min after embolization, such as reduction in oxygen partial pressures in arterial blood (from 87.71 ± 8.64 to 39.14 ± 6.77 mmHg) and alveolar air (from 92.97 ± 2.14 to 63.91 ± 8.27 mmHg). The effective alveolar ventilation exhibited a significant reduction (from 199.62 ± 42.01 to 84.34 ± 44.13) consistent with the fall in alveolar gas volume that effectively participated in gas exchange. The relation between the alveolar ventilation that effectively participated in gas exchange and cardiac output (V Aeff/Q ratio) also presented a significant reduction after embolization (from 0.96 ± 0.34 to 0.33 ± 0.17 fraction). The carbon dioxide partial pressure increased significantly in arterial blood (from 37.51 ± 1.71 to 60.76 ± 6.62 mmHg), but decreased significantly in exhaled air at the end of the respiratory cycle (from 35.57 ± 1.22 to 23.15 ± 8.24 mmHg). Exhaled air at the end of the respiratory cycle returned to baseline values 40 min after embolism. The arterial to alveolar carbon dioxide gradient increased significantly (from 1.94 ± 1.36 to 37.61 ± 12.79 mmHg), as also did the calculated alveolar (from 56.38 ± 22.47 to 178.09 ± 37.46 mL) and physiological (from 0.37 ± 0.05 to 0.75 ± 0.10 fraction) dead spaces. Based on our data, we conclude that the severe arterial hypoxemia observed in this experimental model may be attributed to the reduction of the V Aeff/Q ratio. We were also able to demonstrate that V Aeff/Q progressively improves after embolization, a fact attributed to the alveolar ventilation redistribution induced by hypocapnic bronchoconstriction.1197120
155* Noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary disease using volumetric capnography in adult patients with cystic fibrosis
Vertical zonation of bacterial assemblages attributed to physical stratification during the summer relaxation of the coastal upwelling off Galicia (NW Spain)
Research articleWe combined flow cytometry, CARD-FISH, and 16S rRNA gene tag pyrosequencing to investigate bacterioplankton dynamics along a transect in shelf waters off A Coruña (Galicia, NW Spain). Over five days (16-20th July 2012) we sampled during the relaxation of a summer upwelling pulse, providing an opportunity to examine the impact of pulses of cold nutrient-rich water into coastal microbial communities. The hydrographic conditions, characterized by intense density stratification of surface waters and the presence of a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) at 20–30 m, were relatively maintained over the sampling period. Indeed, bacterial abundance and composition displayed low day to day variation. Alpha diversity analysis suggested that species richness and diversity increased from coastal to shelf stations and from the surface down to the coastal DCM, which could be caused by the mixing of upwelled bacteria with the coastal surface waters. SAR11, SAR86, and Roseobacter were the most abundant bacteria detected in the samples by using CARD-FISH. The assemblages observed by pyrosequencing displayed a strong vertical zonation along the transect. Rhodobacteraceae (under class Alphaproteobacteria) and Bacteriodetes dominated the surface waters and decreased during the upwelling pulse, while SAR 86 (under class Gammaproteobacteria), Actinobacteria and SAR11 clade increased their relative abundance at the coastal DCM with upwelling relaxation, particularly at the shelf stations. Bacterial assemblages from surface waters were associated with higher temperature and light conditions, while coastal DCM assemblages were rather associated to salinity, inorganic nutrients and a diatom-bloom leading to high chlorophyll-a. Our findings suggest that the vertical variability in environmental conditions induced by the intense density stratification, the exportation of warmer and less saline surface water from the rias to the adjacent shelf, and the fertilizing effect of recently upwelled water at the deeper layer, determined the composition of distinct bacterial assemblages at the subsurface and DCM layers.XUNTA DE GALICIA (O9MMA 027604PR, 10MMA604024PR), IEO (PROYECTO RADIALES) y PLAN NACIONAL (MODUPLAN CTM2011-24008)Versión del editor2,24
Caractérisation phénotypique et génétique du riz africain (Oryza glaberrima Steud) phenotypic and genetic characterization of african rice (oryza glaberrima steud)
The agronomic interest of African rice and the morphological similarities with other species, arouse the necessity to characterize African rice for recovery and conservation. The present study aims primarily to characterize phenotypically and genetically African rice for better exploitation in aid of rice producers and consumers. Indeed, the phenotypic characteristics of the rice accessions examined have been determined in two agronomics systems (upland and irrigated) carried out about 235 accessions of African rice; and afterwards, genetic characterization using a specific marker has been carried. At the end of the analyzes, with regard to the phenotypic characters, 22 O.sativa or interspecific accessions differing morphologically on several descriptors were identified. Genetically, out of 19 profiles revealed on a 935-bp band, 14 confirmed the phenotypic results. This study shows that 221 out of 235 accessions are O. glaberrima rice. These results show that the accessions of different species analyzed were confused during the collection. They also seems to validate the possibility of hybridization between the two rice species in peasant environment. The accessions characterized strengthen the conservation effort of African rice. This collection can be used for future studies, particularly with perspective to selection and running African rice with the possibility to establish a genetic model to facilitate the transfer of useful genes from O.glaberrima to O.sativa, while controlling the reproductive barrier. Thus, it will be easy to better exploit the genetic diversity of the African species of cultivated rice
Notes on mating behaviour and a possible new host plant for megacyllene angulata (Fabricius, 1775) (cerambycidae, coleoptera)
The mating behavior of M. angulata (Fabricius, 1775) is described, illustrated and discussed. Additionally, we also comment on the possible new host plant of this species based on two plants (Luehea cymulosa Spruce ex Benth. (Malvaceae) and Doliocarpus dentatus (Aubl.) Standl (Dilleniaceae) on which copulation occurs. © 2020, Universidade de Sao Paulo. All rights reserved
Short term variability of bacterial communities in the shelf waters off Galicia (NW Iberian Peninsula): Patterns and drivers shaping the diversity
PósterEcological and biogeochemical processesEcological and biogeochemical processes in the ocean are dependent on a diverse assemblage of microbes, including members of Bacteria (Glöckner et al, 2012). These bacterial assemblages occurs in vast numbers and represent a huge genetic diversity, fulfilling a wide of ecological roles in the marine system such as carbon geochemical cycle and energy transfer into higher trophic levels.We combined flow cytometry, CARD-FISH and 16S rRNA gene tag pyrosequencing to investigate the short-term variability of the bacterial communities in samples collected along a transect in the shelf off NW Iberian Peninsula over one week
Story Map Caminhos d’O Conspirador: um percurso literário na vila de Marvão com Branquinho da Fonseca
Os autores pretendem apresentar uma nova forma de divulgação da investigação em turismo
literário, num formato mais atrativo, recorrendo às novas tecnologias e bem assim, aferir as suas
potencialidades. A ferramenta tecnológica utilizada foi o story map que permite combinar mapas na
Web com aplicações e templates que incorporam funções interativas e mapas dinâmicos. Um dos
recursos utilizados na produção do story map foi a base de dados do Museu Virtual de Turismo
(MUVITUR) em cujo site o produto final será disponibilizado. Os conteúdos e itinerários turísticos
literários organizados por especialistas permitem envolver os viajantes online nas geografias
imaginárias, para as quais os escritores nos remetem. Experiências virtuais mais envolventes
possibilitam a cada utilizador a descoberta dos melhores percursos por territórios literários. O objeto
do presente trabalho foi o conto “O Conspirador”, de Branquinho da Fonseca (1905-1974) tendo o
percurso na vila de Marvão sido enriquecido com desenhos e fotografias da sua autoriaThe authors intend to present a more attractive format to disseminate research in literary tourism,
making use of new technologies. The story map is the technological tool used, and it allows the
combination of online maps with apps and templates that incorporate interactive functions and
dynamic maps. One of the resources the authors use in the production of the story map is the
database of the Virtual Tourism Museum (MUVITUR) on whose website the final product will be
made available. The literary content and tourist itineraries organized by specialists allow online
travellers to be involved in imaginary geographies created by writers. More engaging virtual
experiences enable users to discover the best routes through literary territories. The object of the
present study was the short story “O Conspirador”, by Branquinho da Fonseca (1905-1974) and the
itinerary in the village of Marvão was enhanced by drawings and photographs authored by the
writer.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
O157:H7 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Associated with Sporadic Cases of Diarrhea in São Paulo, Brazil
Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, Sao Paulo, BrazilLab Anal Clin Dr Joao Antonio Vozza, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Volumetric Capnography For The Evaluation Of Chronic Airways Diseases
Background: Obstructive lung diseases of different etiologies present with progressive peripheral airway involvement. The peripheral airways, known as the silent lung zone, are not adequately evaluated with conventional function tests. The principle of gas washout has been used to detect pulmonary ventilation inhomogeneity and to estimate the location of the underlying disease process. Volumetric capnography (VC) analyzes the pattern of CO2elimination as a function of expired volume.Objective: To measure normalized phase 3 slopes with VC in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCB) and in bronchitic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in order to compare the slopes obtained for the groups.Methods: NCB and severe COPD were enrolled sequentially from an outpatient clinic (Hospital of the State University of Campinas). A control group was established for the NCB group, paired by sex and age. All subjects performed spirometry, VC, and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Two comparisons were made: NCB group versus its control group, and NCB group versus COPD group. The project was approved by the ethical committee of the institution. Statistical tests used were Wilcoxon or Student’s t-test; P,0.05 was considered to be a statistically significant difference.Results: Concerning the NCB group (N=20) versus the control group (N=20), significant differences were found in body mass index and in several functional variables (spirometric, VC, 6MWT) with worse results observed in the NCB group. In the comparison between the COPD group (N=20) versus the NCB group, although patients with COPD had worse spirometric and 6MWT values, the capnographic variables mean phase 2 slope (Slp2), mean phase 3 slope normalized by the mean expiratory volume, or mean phase 3 slope normalized by the end-tidal CO2concentration were similar.Conclusion: These findings may indicate that the gas elimination curves are not sensitive enough to monitor the severity of structural abnormalities. The role of normalized phase 3 slope may be worth exploring as a more sensitive index of small airway disease, even though it may not be equally sensitive in discriminating the severity of the alterations.9983989Robinson, P.D., Goldman, M.D., Gustafsson, P.M., Inert gas washout: Theoretical background and clinical utility in respiratory disease (2009) Respiration, 78 (3), pp. 339-355Ribeiro, M., Silva, M.T., Ribeiro, J.D., Volumetric capnography as a tool to detect early peripheric lung obstruction in cystic fibrosis patients (2012) J Pediatr (Rio J), 88 (6), pp. 509-517Almeida, C.C., Almeida-Júnior, A.A., Ribeiro, M.A., Nolasco-Silva, M.T., Ribeiro, J.D., Volumetric capnography to detect ventilation inhomogeneity in children and adolescents with controlled persistent asthma (2011) J Pediatr (Rio J), 87 (2), pp. 163-168Veronez, L., Moreira, M.M., Soares, S.T., Volumetric capnography for the evaluation of pulmonary disease in adult patients with cystic fibrosis and noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (2010) Lung, 188 (3), pp. 263-268Moreira, M.M., Terzi, R.G., Carvalho, C.H., de Oliveira Neto, A.F., Pereira, M.C., Paschoal, I.A., Alveolar dead space and capnographic variables before and after thrombolysis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (2009) Vasc Health Risk Manag, 5 (1), pp. 9-12Moreira, M.M., Terzi, R.G., Paschoal, I.A., Martins, L.C., Oliveira, E.P., Falcão, A.L., Thrombolysis in massive pulmonary embolism based on the volumetric capnography (2010) Arq Bras Cardiol, 95 (4), pp. e97-e99Pereira, D.J., Moreira, M.M., Paschoal, I.A., Martins, L.C., Metze, K., Moreno Junior, H., Near-fatal pulmonary embolism in an experimental model: Hemodynamic, gasometric and capnographic variables (2011) Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 26 (3), pp. 462-468Schwardt, J.D., Gobran, S.R., Neufeld, G.R., Aukburg, S.J., Scherer, P.W., Sensitivity of CO2 washout to changes in acinar structure in a single-path model of lung airways (1991) Ann Biomed Eng, 19 (6), pp. 679-697Schreiner, M.S., Leksell, L.G., Gobran, S.R., Hoffman, E.A., Scherer, P.W., Neufeld, G.R., Microemboli reduce phase III slopes of CO2 and invert phase III slopes of infused SF6 (1993) Respir Physiol, 91 (2-3), pp. 137-154Vestbo, J., Hurd, S.S., Agustí, A.G., Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary (2013) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 187 (4), pp. 347-365ATS statement: Guidelines for the six-minute walk test (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 166 (1), pp. 111-117. , ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function LaboratoriesPréfaut, C., Durand, F., Mucci, P., Caillaud, C., Exercise-induced arterial hypoxaemia in athletes: A review (2000) Sports Med, 30 (1), pp. 47-61Pereira, C.A., Sato, T., Rodrigues, S.C., New reference values for forced spirometry in white adults in Brazil (2007) J Bras Pneumol, 33 (4), pp. 397-406Cosio, M., Ghezzo, H., Hogg, J.C., The relations between structural changes in small airways and pulmonary-function tests (1978) N Engl J Med, 298 (23), pp. 1277-1281Stănescu, D.C., Rodenstein, D.O., Hoeven, C., Robert A. “Sensitive tests” are poor predictors of the decline in forced expiratory volume in one second in middle-aged smokers (1987) Am Rev Respir Dis, 135 (3), pp. 585-590Buist, A.S., Vollmer, W.M., Johnson, L.R., McCamant, L.E., Does the single-breath N2 test identify the smoker who will develop chronic airflow limitation? (1988) Am Rev Respir Dis, 137 (2), pp. 293-301Verbanck, S., Schuermans, D., Meysman, M., Paiva, M., Vincken, W., Noninvasive assessment of airway alterations in smokers: The small airways revisited (2004) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 170 (4), pp. 414-419Verbanck, S., Schuermans, D., Paiva, M., Vincken, W., Nonreversible conductive airway ventilation heterogeneity in mild asthma (2003) J Appl Physiol (1985), 94 (4), pp. 1380-1386Verbanck, S., Paiva, M., Schuermans, D., Malfroot, A., Vincken, W., Vanderhelst, E., Acinar and conductive ventilation heterogeneity in severe CF lung disease: Back to the model (2013) Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 188 (2), pp. 124-132Verbanck, S., Schuermans, D., Van Muylem, A., Conductive and acinar lung-zone contributions to ventilation inhomogeneity in COPD (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 157 (5), pp. 1573-1577Verbanck, S., Thompson, B.R., Schuermans, D., Ventilation heterogeneity in the acinar and conductive zones of the normal ageing lung (2012) Thorax, 67 (9), pp. 789-795Hogg, J.C., Timens, W., The pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2009) Annu Rev Pathol, 4, pp. 435-459McDonough, J.E., Yuan, R., Suzuki, M., Small-airway obstruction and emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) N Engl J Med, 365 (17), pp. 1567-1575Tiddens, H.A., Donaldson, S.H., Rosenfeld, M., Paré, P.D., Cystic fibrosis lung disease starts in the small airways: Can we treat it more effectively? (2010) Pediatr Pulmonol, 45 (2), pp. 107-117Matsui, H., Grubb, B.R., Tarran, R., Evidence for periciliary liquid layer depletion, not abnormal ion composition, in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis airways disease (1998) Cell, 95 (7), pp. 1005-1015Boucher, R.C., Relationship of airway epithelial ion transport to chronic bronchitis (2004) Proc Am Thorac Soc, 1 (1), pp. 66-70Randell, S.H., Boucher, R.C., Effective mucus clearance is essential for respiratory health (2006) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 35 (1), pp. 20-28. ,University of North Carolina Virtual Lung GroupSvartengren, K., Philipson, K., Svartengren, M., Nerbrink, O., Camner, P., Clearance in smaller airways of inhaled 6-microm particles in subjects with immotile-cilia syndrome (1995) Exp Lung Res, 21 (5), pp. 667-682Kang, E.Y., Miller, R.R., Müller, N.L., Bronchiectasis: Comparison of preoperative thin-section CT and pathologic findings in resected specimens (1995) Radiology, 195 (3), pp. 649-654Reid, L.M., Reduction in bronchial subdivision in bronchiectasis (1950) Thorax, 5 (3), pp. 233-247Dutrieue, B., Vanholsbeeck, F., Verbanck, S., Paiva, M., A human acinar structure for simulation of realistic alveolar plateau slopes (2000) J Appl Physiol (1985), 89 (5), pp. 1859-1867Gustafsson, P.M., De Jong, P.A., Tiddens, H.A., Lindblad, A., Multiple-breath inert gas washout and spirometry versus structural lung disease in cystic fibrosis (2008) Thorax, 63 (2), pp. 129-134Horsley, A., Lung clearance index in the assessment of airways disease (2009) Respir Med, 103 (6), pp. 793-799Verbanck, S., Paiva, M., Schuermans, D., Hanon, S., Vincken, W., Van Muylem, A., Relationships between the lung clearance index and conductive and acinar ventilation heterogeneity (2012) J Appl Physiol (1985), 112 (5), pp. 782-79
- …