Against Titans. The Reputation of the 3rd Count of Assumar in the News about the 1720 Uprising in Vila Rica: Contra titanes. La reputación del 3er Conde de Assumar en las noticias sobre el levantamiento de Vila Rica en 1720

This paper analyzes an anonymous manuscript on the Vila Rica Revolt in 1720, in the captaincy of São Paulo and Minas do Ouro, in the State of Brazil. By understanding the text inside and out, one comes into contact with political ideas from the 16th century Europe about reasons of state and the power of the prince, and their appropriations in the 18th century manuscript that reports the uprising. The former captaincy governor was concerned with his reputation when he returned to the kingdom of Portugal in 1722, in view of the violent punishment he applied in Minas. The analysis combines aspects of writing, materiality, comparative studies and the trajectory of this handwritten news through various collections. It is mainly about realizing the historical significance of its likely circulation in the early 1720s, through well-founded hypotheses.Este artículo analiza un manuscrito anónimo sobre la Revuelta de Vila Rica en 1720, en la capitanía de São Paulo y Minas de Oro, en el Estado de Brasil. Al comprender el texto por dentro y por fuera, se entra en contacto con ideas políticas de la Europa del siglo XVI sobre las razones de estado y el poder del príncipe, y sus apropiaciones en el manuscrito del siglo XVIII que relata la sublevación. El ex gobernador de la capitanía estaba preocupado por su reputación cuando regresó al reino de Portugal en 1722, ante el violento castigo que el ha aplicado en Minas. El análisis combina aspectos de escritura, materialidad, estudios comparativos y la trayectoria de esta noticia manuscrita a través de diversas colecciones. Se trata principalmente de darse cuenta del significado histórico de su probable circulación a principios de la década de 1720, a través de hipótesis bien fundamentadas

Oratory of the kings and their conquests: pictures and leaflets collected by Diogo Barbosa Machado

El artículo examina las llamadas colecciones de retratos y folletos organizadas por el bibliófilo portugués Diogo Barbosa Machado (1682-1772), hoy depositadas en la Biblioteca Nacional de Brasil, en Río de Janeiro, a la luz de su experiencia como clérigo oratoriano y como miembro de la Academia Real da História Portuguesa, a mediados del siglo XVIII. Lejos de una simple contextualización social, se pretende llevar a cabo un análisis atento a las percepciones sobre la forma y el contenido de los conjuntos documentales considerados, tanto dentro como fuera de los ámbitos principales en los que se integraba su coleccionador. Se espera así poder comprender mejor sus peculiaridades y elementos comunes, así como las expectativas puestas en la historia que elaboró sobre la monarquía portuguesa y sus conquistas.This paper analyzes the so-called collections of pictures and leaflets organized by the Portuguese bibliophile Diogo Barbosa Machado (1682-1772), today preserved at the National Library of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro. The analysis considers Barbosa Machado’s experiences both as an Oratorian cleric and as a member of the Royal Academy of Portuguese History in the mid-eighteenth century. Going beyond a mere social contextualization, the study considers the cultural and social history of the collections and the perceptions to which they were subjected, in form and in content, within and outside the main milieus that Barbosa Machado belonged to. This allows us to gain a better understanding of their peculiarities and common features, as well as the expectations the collector placed on his history of the Portuguese Monarchy

A rochela do Brasil: São Paulo e a aclamação de Amador Bueno como espelho da realeza portuguesa

A aclamação de Amador Bueno da Ribeira em 1641 foi negligenciada em estudos mais recentes, talvez pelo fato de sua história ter sido construída com base em documentos insuficientes. Entretanto, este episódio pode ser recuperado como representativo de uma situação regional particular do planalto paulista, em relação a um conjunto mais amplo de fatores. Deste modo é possível conceber o evento em questão como historicamente provável, pois a aclamação de Amador Bueno apresenta uma intrigante coerência com determinado momento histórico vivido pela dinastia bragantina quando de sua ascensão ao trono de Portugal. A situação - caracterizada em linhas gerais pela fragilidade política - se refletiria por sua vez nos vínculos desta nova realeza lusitana com os seus vassalos, tanto do Reino quanto do ultramar americano.The acclamation of Amador Bueno da Ribeira in 1641 has been neglected in most recent studies, perhaps due to the fact that its history has been built upon insufficient documents. However, this episode may be recovered as representative of a particular regional situation of the "Paulista" plateau in relation to a wider set of factors. In this way, it is possible to conceive the event in question as historically probable, since the acclamation of Amador Bueno presents an intriguing coherence with a certain historical moment lived by the "Bragantina" dinasty at the time of its ascension to the throne of Portugal. The situation - characterized, in general terms, by a political frailty - would reflect on the bonds of the new Lusitana royalty with its vassals in the kingdom as well as in the overseas America

Oratorio de los reyes y sus conquistas: retratos y folletos recortados por Diogo Barbosa Machado

El artículo examina las llamadas colecciones de retratos y folletos organizadas por el bibliófilo portugués Diogo Barbosa Machado (1682-1772), hoy depositadas en la Biblioteca Nacional de Brasil, en Río de Janeiro, a la luz de su experiencia como clérigo oratoriano y como miembro de la Academia Real da História Portuguesa, a mediados del siglo XVIII. Lejos de una simple contextualización social, se pretende llevar a cabo un análisis atento a las percepciones sobre la forma y el contenido de los conjuntos documentales considerados, tanto dentro como fuera de los ámbitos principales en los que se integraba su coleccionador. Se espera así poder comprender mejor sus peculiaridades y elementos comunes, así como las expectativas puestas en la historia que elaboró sobre la monarquía portuguesa y sus conquistas

Alianças d’além-mar: o casamento inglês e a paz com a Holanda na Bahia (1661-1725)

O artigo examina o donativo para o dote do casamento de Catarina de Bragança e a indenização cobrada às capitanias interessadas na paz com os Países Baixos. Coube à câmara da Bahia gerir a contribuição, correspondendo-se com a coroa portuguesa. Nas cartas, evidencia-se que a sujeição ao reino era negociada mediante o subsídio. Portanto, o tema explicita a natureza dos vínculos entre a Bahia e Lisboa

Aspectos fisiopatológicos relacionados ao eixo microbiota-intestino-cérebro

A microbiota intestinal é reconhecida por executar funções na saúde do hospedeiro de forma clara no trato gastrointestinal através da simbiose. Recentemente, a elucidação de sua relação com o sistema nervoso central demonstrou a influência do eixo microbiota- intestino-cérebro em doenças não relacionadas diretamente com o sistema gastroentérico. Objetivou-se com essa revisão de literatura integrativa categorizar as intervenções propiciadas por esse eixo e suas alterações no hospedeiro. Na análise de 20 artigos científicos entre 2016 e 2019 constatou-se que a presença de um microbioma variável constitui fator de proteção contra o desenvolvimento de doenças como ansiedade e depressão. A disbiose intestinal também foi associada positivamente com doenças neurodegenerativas como Parkinson e Alzheimer. Dessa forma, a compreensão do eixo bidirecional microbiota-intestino-cérebro é fundamental para a elaboração de terapias microbióticas como alternativas para o tratamento das doenças relacionadas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost