Adenomatoid tumor of the uterus; report of a rare incidentaloma

Adenomatoid tumor of the uterus is extremely rare and usually an incidental finding in the uteri removed surgically for some other cause as in the present case. The histogenesis of this tumor has been controversial ever since its discovery, although the most favored and proposed is a mesothelial origin. Grossly it is usually mistaken for a leiomyoma. The tumor may have a variety of histomorphologic patterns with rare bizarre appearances, at times leading to an erroneous diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma

Uterine leiomyosarcoma metastasizing to multiple sites: a rare presentation

Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm which has a dismal outcome especially when associated with widespread metastasis. It shows early metastasis primarily to the lungs, peritoneal cavity, bones, pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes. We report simultaneous metastasis to the scalp, breast and soft tissue from leiomyosarcoma arising in the uterine broad ligament. Leiomyosarcoma poses a diagnostic difficulty at the metastatic site, especially when the primary site is unknown. Correct tumor typing and separating a primary from a metastatic one is important because of the different treatment modalities for both. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) has emerged as an indispensable preliminary modality in investigating the metastatic disease and therefore cytomorphological recognition of the tumor presumes a great significance

Spectrum of vulvar lesions: a clinicopathologic study of 170 cases

Background: A wide range lesions may occur in the vulvar region. The clinician is often confronted with the challenge to draw a distinction between normal variants, benign entities and a potentially serious pathology. The aim of the present study is to have an insight into the diverse morphologic spectrum of vulvar lesions.Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out by compiling the data from archival records over a period of eight years from January 2005 to December 2012. The vulvar biopsies/vulvectomy specimens were studied for histomorphological features. The lesions were categorized as non neoplastic, neoplastic and inconclusive; neoplastic ones were further divided into benign, malignant and premalignant.Results: The age of the women ranged from 6 to 80 years (mean 38.2±6.4) with the maximum number of patients between 31 to 40 years of age. Most common clinical presentation was itching and white plaque on the vulva (85 cases; 50%). The commonest site of vulval lesions was labia majora (87 cases, 51.18%). Non neoplastic lesions were more common (n = 94; 55.29%) than the neoplastic lesions (n =50; 29.41%). There were 23 (46%) benign lesions while 27 cases (54%) were malignant or premalignant ones. In 26 cases, no definitive histologic diagnosis could be rendered.Conclusion: Early recognition of vulvar lesions and a prompt biopsy diagnosis for all lesions with suspicious changes is of great significance. The term leukoplakia is imprecise and should be replaced by a precise histological description

Multiple cysticerci as an unusual cause of mesenteric lymph node enlargement: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Cysticercosis is a disease caused by infestation with the larval stage of the intestinal cestode <it>Taenia solium</it>. The parasite usually localizes to subcutaneous tissues and muscles causing palpable or visible nodules, to the brain leading to epileptic attacks, and to the eyes with visible nodules leading to blindness and atrophy.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>Here we present the case of a 15-year-old girl who was incidentally detected as having mesenteric lymph node enlargement caused by multiple cysticerci. This is the second case report of lymph node enlargement due to cysticercus infestation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This rare mode of presentation of cysticercus infestation highlights the importance of parasites as a cause of treatable lymph node enlargement.</p

Civil Society, Everyday Life and the Possibilities for Development Studies

Civil society is one of the most contentious terms in political thought. There is considerable, and highly significant, difference between academic debate about the meaning of ‘civil society’ and the way the term is mobilized in international development discourse. In particular, narratives of civil society in international development are often dominated by reference to organizational descriptions and measurability. But I would like to suggest here that the term should be reclaimed as a way of giving meaning to the stories of the everyday lives of the people who create, shape and embody civil society. Used in this way, the idea of civil society can be understood as intersecting emotions, discourses and practices and can add to the body of scholarly work that nurtures and values everyday life as a lens through which to view wider social processes. Paying attention to the everyday life of civil society may have implications for that way the civil society is engaged with academically, and also has the potential to refresh how civil society is thought about in development practice

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis - an unusual association: a case report and review of the literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder that is characterized by the development and growth of cysts in the kidneys and other organs. Urinary protein excretion is usually less than 1 g/24 hours in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and an association of nephrotic syndrome with this condition is considered rare. There are only anecdotal case reports of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease associated with nephrotic syndrome, with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis being the most commonly reported histopathological diagnosis. Nephrotic-range proteinuria in the presence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, with or without an accompanying decline in renal function, should be investigated by open renal biopsy to exclude coexisting glomerular disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with histologically proven diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis presenting with nephrotic-range proteinuria. No other reports of this could be found in a global electronic search of the literature.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the case of a 35-year-old Indo-Aryan man with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease associated with nephrotic syndrome and a concomitant decline in his glomerular filtration rate. Open renal biopsy revealed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. An accurate diagnosis enabled us to manage him conservatively with a successful outcome, without the use of corticosteroid which is the standard treatment and the drug most commonly used to treat nephrotic syndrome empirically.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Despite the reluctance of physicians to carry out a renal biopsy on patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, our case supports the idea that renal biopsy is needed in patients with polycystic kidney disease with nephrotic-range proteinuria to make an accurate diagnosis. It also illustrates the importance of open renal biopsy in planning appropriate treatment for patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with nephrotic-range proteinuria. The treatment for various histological subtypes leading to nephrotic syndrome is different, and in this modern era we should practice evidence-based medicine and should avoid empirical therapy with its associated adverse effects.</p

Death and organization: Heidegger’s thought on death and life in organizations

Mortality has not been given the attention it deserves within organization studies. Even when it has been considered, it is not usually in terms of its implications for own lives and ethical choices. In particular, Heidegger’s writing on death has been almost entirely ignored both in writing on death and writing on organizational ethics, despite his insights into how our mortality and the ethics of existence are linked. In this paper, we seek to address this omission by arguing that a consideration of death may yield important insights about the ethics of organizational life. Most important of these is that a Heideggerian approach to death brings us up against fundamental ethical questions such as what our lives are for, how they should be lived and how we relate to others. Heideggerarian thought also reconnects ethics and politics, as it is closely concerned with how we can collectively make institutions that support our life projects rather than thwart or diminish them

Morpho-biochemical characterization of a RIL population for seed parameters and identification of candidate genes regulating seed size trait in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

The seed size and shape in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) are important quality traits as these influences the milled grain yield, cooking time, and market class of the grains. Linkage analysis was done for seed size in a RIL (F5:6) population derived by crossing L830 (20.9 g/1000 seeds) with L4602 (42.13 g/1000 seeds) which consisted of 188 lines (15.0 to 40.5 g/1000 seeds). Parental polymorphism survey using 394 SSRs identified 31 polymorphic primers, which were used for the bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Marker PBALC449 differentiated the parents and small seed size bulk only, whereas large seeded bulk or the individual plants constituting the large-seeded bulk could not be differentiated. Single plant analysis identified only six recombinant and 13 heterozygotes, of 93 small-seeded RILs (<24.0 g/1000 seed). This clearly showed that the small seed size trait is very strongly regulated by the locus near PBLAC449; whereas, large seed size trait seems governed by more than one locus. The PCR amplified products from the PBLAC449 marker (149bp from L4602 and 131bp from L830) were cloned, sequenced and BLAST searched using the lentil reference genome and was found amplified from chromosome 03. Afterward, the nearby region on chromosome 3 was searched, and a few candidate genes like ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase, E3 ubiquitin ligase, TIFY-like protein, and hexosyltransferase having a role in seed size determination were identified. Validation study in another RIL mapping population which is differing for seed size, showed a number of SNPs and InDels among these genes when studied using whole genome resequencing (WGRS) approach. Biochemical parameters like cellulose, lignin, and xylose content showed no significant differences between parents and the extreme RILs, at maturity. Various seed morphological traits like area, length, width, compactness, volume, perimeter, etc., when measured using VideometerLab 4.0 showed significant differences for the parents and RILs. The results have ultimately helped in better understanding the region regulating the seed size trait in genomically less explored crops like lentils

Aspiration cytology of rheumatoid nodulosis: Diagnostic method of choice

Rheumatoid nodules occur as an extraarticular manifestation of rheumatoid disease. Generally they are diagnosed by histology and seldom by fine needle aspiration (FNA). To our knowledge only two papers have described the cytologic characteristics of rheumatoid nodule.1,2 Below we describe our experience with FNA in a case of rheumatoid nodulosis. A 35-year-old man presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules on a heel, a knee and the hands, present for three years. They had gradually increased in size and number. They measured 1.0-2.5 cm in diameter, were nontender and firm, and had smooth surfaces. Investigations performed included hemogram, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, routine urinalysis, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, triglyceride and chest radiograph; all were noncontributory except for rheumatoid factor, which was positive. Roentgenograms of relevant joints were normal. The possibility of rheumatoid nodules was considered. FNA was advised to confirm the nature of the nodules. Since the patient had no history of arthritis, FNA was performed on nodules on a hand and heel with a 23-gauge needle. Smears prepared from the aspirate were air dried and stained with May-Gr\ufcnwald-Giemsa stain. The smears revealed the typical picture of a rheumatoid nodule: necrotic background material, lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes (some giant and multinucleated) and elongated, large mesenchymal cells, probably elongated histiocytes