Evaluation der modernisierten M+E-Berufe

Die "EVA-M+E-Studie" widmet sich der Frage, wie die Veränderungen der Teilnovellierung im Jahr 2018 bei den Metall- und Elektroberufen sowie dem/der Mechatroniker/-in in der Ausbildungspraxis angekommen sind, welche Effekte sie auslösen und welche Hemmnisse bestehen. Die Studie zeigt auf, welche Qualifikationsprofile in den Unternehmen für die Umsetzung von Industrie 4.0 notwendig sind und welche Kompetenzanforderungen mit diesen verbunden sind. Über eine Auswertung des Ist-Zustands hinaus wirft die Studie auch einen Blick in die Zukunft und prüft, inwiefern weitergehender Entwicklungsbedarf für die Berufsbildgestaltung und Ausbildungspraxis besteht und welche Handlungsempfehlungen sich für die zukünftige Gestaltung der M+E-Berufsbildung ableiten lassen

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

RELATIONS BETWEEN SOCIAL INEQUALITIES AND EFFECTS OF INCREASED AVAILABILITY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ON CHILDREN´S HEALTH – A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

The obesity crisis and health inequalities among children have directed the attention of policymakers to school-based interventions. Accordingly, the state government of North Rhine-Westphalia commissioned a pilot project amongst daily PE classes in primary schools. An evaluation study was conducted testing 520 children from seven project schools and 142 children from non-project schools over a four-year period. Body mass index (BMI) served as an indicator of the children’s health status. Further health-related aspects were measured in terms of motoric capacities. Moreover, sports club participation was measured. The results suggest that the daily PE class does not represent a universal remedy for specific health deficits. However, disadvantaged children - in particular girls - might benefit from school-based interventions

Verdeckung - Eine Strategie zur Verwirklichung inklusiver Ansprüche im Sportunterricht?

Kastrup V, Fast N. Verdeckung - Eine Strategie zur Verwirklichung inklusiver Ansprüche im Sportunterricht? In: Schwier J, Seyda M, eds. Bewegung, Spiel und Sport im Kindesalter. Neue Entiwcklungen und Herausforderungen in der Sportpädagogik. Bielefeld: transcript; 2022: 169-179

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)