La demostración automática de teoremas en Geometría elemental y su repercusión didáctica

El papel relevante de las tareas de validación en la enseñanza tradicional de la geometría se aborda actualmente como una mera introducción al razonamiento lógico. La existencia de algoritmos de prueba automática para cualquier teorema de geometría elemental y su implementación reciente en las computadoras le da un carácter peculiar al tipo de razonamiento utilizado en esta teoría, uno de los pocos que son decidibles, y modifica su significado educativo. Por otro lado, el análisis de la forma de enseñar geometría muestra un énfasis excesivo en la capacitación al descubrir modelos, descuidando la construcción de cuerpos teóricos de conocimiento. Ambos hechos exigen una exploración de nuevas técnicas en la enseñanza de pruebas geométricas; Describimos y analizamos el uso de software educativo (basado en técnicas de IA) para los programas de prueba automáticos que ahora funcionan

Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) for the diagnosis of delirium in adults in critical care settings

© 2018 The Cochrane Collaboration. This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Diagnostic test accuracy). The objectives are as follows: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) for the diagnosis of delirium in adult patients in critical care settings

Bloqueo IPACK asociado a bloqueo del canal de los aductores frente a bloqueo femoral, calidad analgésica y uso de rescate tras artroplastia total de rodilla.

Total knee arthroplasty and its postoperative period can be very painful. Usually patients undergoing locoregional or general anesthetic techniques to which peripheral nerve blocks are associated for postoperative analgesia, within which femoral nerve block is the most widespread an adequate analgesic quality of the anterior compartment of the knee. It is widely described in the literature that blockage of the adductor canal or Hunter confers an analgesic quality similar to that achieved with the femoral block without objectifying that motor block that can limit its use for rapid rehabilitation. Recently also described in the literature, the blockade that is defined as IPACK (Infiltration between Popliteal Artery and Capsule Knee) or SPANK (Posterior Articular Sensory Nerves of the Knee) achieves an adequate analgesia of the posterior compartment of the knee. We believe that the combination of these two peripheral nerve blocks associated with the usual anesthetic technique may result in better analgesic quality in our patients and a lower consumption of opioids in the form of rescue

Sarconesin II, a New Antimicrobial Peptide Isolated from Sarconesiopsis magellanica Excretions and Secretions

Antibiotic resistance is at dangerous levels and increasing worldwide. The search for new antimicrobial drugs to counteract this problem is a priority for health institutions and organizations, both globally and in individual countries. Sarconesiopsis magellanica blowfly larval excretions and secretions (ES) are an important source for isolating antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This study aims to identify and characterize a new S. magellanica AMP. RP-HPLC was used to fractionate ES, using C18 columns, and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. The peptide sequence of the fraction collected at 43.7 min was determined by mass spectrometry (MS). Fluorescence and electronic microscopy were used to evaluate the mechanism of action. Toxicity was tested on HeLa cells and human erythrocytes; physicochemical properties were evaluated. The molecule in the ES was characterized as sarconesin II and it showed activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli MG1655, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa PA14) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Micrococcus luteus A270) bacteria. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration obtained was 1.9 µM for M. luteus A270; the AMP had no toxicity in any cells tested here and its action in bacterial membrane and DNA was confirmed. Sarconesin II was documented as a conserved domain of the ATP synthase protein belonging to the Fli-1 superfamily. The data reported here indicated that peptides could be alternative therapeutic candidates for use in infections against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and eventually as a new resource of compounds for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria. © 2019 by the authors

La Recerca en Conservació des de la Visió del Conservador-Restaurador

Setmana de la Ciència, Barcelona, 7 i 8 de novembre de 2013La secció de Conservació-Restauració de la Facultat de Belles Arts organitza unes jornades amb l'objectiu de difondre les investigacions al voltant de temes de gran interès per als professionals del sector. La Recerca en Conservació-Restauració ha estat vinculada normalment a les ciències afi ns i els seus plantejaments presenten una visió des d’aquestes branques de les Ciències. Però des de fa anys, els Conservadors-Restauradors desenvolupem una Recerca, també amb majúscules, des dels nostres coneixements i necessitats. Els plantejaments científi cs hi són ben presents, i afegim a més, un punt de vista pràctic que afavoreix el desenvolupament de la nostra disciplina. Des de la Secció de Conservació-Restauració de la Facultat de Belles Arts de la Universitat de Barcelona volem difondre les investigacions que duem a terme, moltes de les quals s’han materialitzat en diferents tesis doctorals. Aquests treballs són una mostra més de les preocupacions individuals i de les necessitats de la conservació del Patrimoni Històrico-Artístic

Clinical characteristics and evaluation of LDL-cholesterol treatment of the Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Longitudinal Cohort Study (SAFEHEART)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are at high risk for premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite the use of statins, most patients do not achieve an optimal LDL-cholesterol goal. The aims of this study are to describe baseline characteristics and to evaluate Lipid Lowering Therapy (LLT) in FH patients recruited in SAFEHEART.</p> <p>Methods and Results</p> <p>A cross-sectional analysis of cases recruited in the Spanish FH cohort at inclusion was performed. Demographic, lifestyle, medical and therapeutic data were collected by specific surveys. Blood samples for lipid profile and DNA were obtained. Genetic test for FH was performed through DNA-microarray. Data from 1852 subjects (47.5% males) over 19 years old were analyzed: 1262 (68.1%, mean age 45.6 years) had genetic diagnosis of FH and 590 (31.9%, mean age 41.3 years) were non-FH. Cardiovascular disease was present in 14% of FH and in 3.2% of non-FH subjects (P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in patients carrying a null mutation compared with those carrying a defective mutation (14.87% vs. 10.6%, respectively, P < 0.05). Prevalence of current smokers was 28.4% in FH subjects. Most FH cases were receiving LLT (84%). Although 51.5% were receiving treatment expected to reduce LDL-c levels at least 50%, only 13.6% were on maximum statin dose combined with ezetimibe. Mean LDL-c level in treated FH cases was 186.5 mg/dl (SD: 65.6) and only 3.4% of patients reached and LDL-c under 100 mg/dl. The best predictor for LDL-c goal attainment was the use of combined therapy with statin and ezetimibe.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although most of this high risk population is receiving LLT, prevalence of cardiovascular disease and LDL-c levels are still high and far from the optimum LDL-c therapeutic goal. However, LDL-c levels could be reduced by using more intensive LLT such as combined therapy with maximum statin dose and ezetimibe.</p

Clinical characteristics and evaluation of LDL-cholesterol treatment of the Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Longitudinal Cohort Study (SAFEHEART)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are at high risk for premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite the use of statins, most patients do not achieve an optimal LDL-cholesterol goal. The aims of this study are to describe baseline characteristics and to evaluate Lipid Lowering Therapy (LLT) in FH patients recruited in SAFEHEART.</p> <p>Methods and Results</p> <p>A cross-sectional analysis of cases recruited in the Spanish FH cohort at inclusion was performed. Demographic, lifestyle, medical and therapeutic data were collected by specific surveys. Blood samples for lipid profile and DNA were obtained. Genetic test for FH was performed through DNA-microarray. Data from 1852 subjects (47.5% males) over 19 years old were analyzed: 1262 (68.1%, mean age 45.6 years) had genetic diagnosis of FH and 590 (31.9%, mean age 41.3 years) were non-FH. Cardiovascular disease was present in 14% of FH and in 3.2% of non-FH subjects (P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in patients carrying a null mutation compared with those carrying a defective mutation (14.87% vs. 10.6%, respectively, P < 0.05). Prevalence of current smokers was 28.4% in FH subjects. Most FH cases were receiving LLT (84%). Although 51.5% were receiving treatment expected to reduce LDL-c levels at least 50%, only 13.6% were on maximum statin dose combined with ezetimibe. Mean LDL-c level in treated FH cases was 186.5 mg/dl (SD: 65.6) and only 3.4% of patients reached and LDL-c under 100 mg/dl. The best predictor for LDL-c goal attainment was the use of combined therapy with statin and ezetimibe.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although most of this high risk population is receiving LLT, prevalence of cardiovascular disease and LDL-c levels are still high and far from the optimum LDL-c therapeutic goal. However, LDL-c levels could be reduced by using more intensive LLT such as combined therapy with maximum statin dose and ezetimibe.</p

Proteasome Dysfunction Associated to Oxidative Stress and Proteotoxicity in Adipocytes Compromises Insulin Sensitivity in Human Obesity

AIMS: Obesity is characterized by a low-grade systemic inflammatory state and adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, which predispose individuals to the development of insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disease. However, a subset of obese individuals, referred to as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals, are protected from obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities. Here, we aim at identifying molecular factors and pathways in adipocytes that are responsible for the progression from the insulin-sensitive to the insulin-resistant, metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO) phenotype. RESULTS: Proteomic analysis of paired samples of adipocytes from subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) human AT revealed that both types of cells are altered in the MUHO state. Specifically, the glutathione redox cycle and other antioxidant defense systems as well as the protein-folding machinery were dysregulated and endoplasmic reticulum stress was increased in adipocytes from IR subjects. Moreover, proteasome activity was also compromised in adipocytes of MUHO individuals, which was associated with enhanced accumulation of oxidized and ubiquitinated proteins in these cells. Proteasome activity was also impaired in adipocytes of diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to palmitate. In line with these data, proteasome inhibition significantly impaired insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. INNOVATION: This study provides the first evidence of the occurrence of protein homeostasis deregulation in adipocytes in human obesity, which, together with oxidative damage, interferes with insulin signaling in these cells. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that proteasomal dysfunction and impaired proteostasis in adipocytes, resulting from protein oxidation and/or misfolding, constitute major pathogenic mechanisms in the development of IR in obesity.IMIBIC/Universidad de Córdoba-SCAI (ProteoRed, PRB2-ISCIII)MINECO/FEDERJunta de Andalucía/FEDERCIBERobn(Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Presencia de metales pesados en Pato Mexicano (Anas diazi Ridgway)

Resumen Objetivo: identificar la presencia de metales pesados en órganos de Anas diazi (pato mexicano). &nbsp; Metodología­/diseño: Revisión bibliográfica de publicaciones científicas. Resultados: Los metales pesados son partículas que se bioacumulan en los organismos, estos tienen repercusiones negativas a la salud, tales como afectar el crecimiento y desarrollo adecuado de los mismos. Para el estudio y análisis de partículas toxicas como los metales pesados se monitorea en su mayoría aves acuáticas.Estas aves habitan en humedales que se ven afectados por la presencia de metales pesados debido a las actividades antropogénicas desarrolladas cerca de estos, tales &nbsp;como la ganadería, la industria y la caza furtiva de anátidos. Una de las cinco especies de anátidos registrados en México es &nbsp;Anas diazi&nbsp;que habita en el altiplano centro y norte de México.Los principales metales pesados a los que están expuestos los anátidos son mercurio, arsénico, plomo y cromo.&nbsp; &nbsp;Limitaciones del estudio /implicaciones: La contaminación por metales pesados se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública muy importante, dado el alto grado de gravedad o repercusión en los animales, plantas, agua, suelo, aire y el humano, teniendo como resultado afectaciones en la salud del organismo. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Se requieren implementar medidas de remediación en los humedales y exigir a las autoridades ambientales que se hagan cargo del asunto, exigiendo propuestas para la disminución de contaminación a industrias, minas o cualquier fuete de contaminación al medio ambiente por metales pesados

Latin American reality of 2020 vegetable production and consumption, in Covid-19 times

El consumo de vegetales ha tomado relevancia, en el actual contexto socioeconómico y sanitario global. Por este motivo, surge la necesidad de contar con un diagnóstico dinámico, en países latinoamericanos, tendiente a orientar las acciones de difusión de la producción y consumo de frutas y hortalizas. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta, de la que participaron 518 personas de 12 países latinoamericanos. La encuesta fue impulsada por los equipos de Horticultura de las universidades latinoamericanas: UNCPBA, Argentina; BUAP, México; UNAL, Colombia y UNSL, Argentina; en el marco de sus proyectos y vínculos interinstitucionales. El objetivo fue disponer de un panorama actualizado, de la realidad de la producción y consumo de hortalizas, las preferencias, hábitos alimenticios y cambios producidos en la alimentación latinoamericana, por la pandemia global por la COVID-19. Los resultados indican la existencia de diferencias entre la percepción y la realidad de consumo, por lo que es necesario impulsar acciones tendientes a hacer coincidir lo que la población cree que consume, respecto a lo que efectivamente realiza, para contar con una dieta rica en cantidad, calidad y diversidad de vegetales, que beneficie su salud y calidad de vida y reduzca el riesgo de desarrollo potenciales enfermedades.Vegetable consumption has become relevant in the present global socioeconomical and sanitary context. Consequently, the need to have a dynamic diagnosis in Latin American countries arises in order to guide actions of spreading vegetable and fruit production and consumption. Therefore, a survey was carried out in 12 Latin American countries with 518 respondents. This survey was driven by the Horticulture teams of the Latin American universities: Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Argentina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), México, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL) Argentina, within the framework of their projects and interinstitutional bonds. The survey aimed at having an updated panorama about the reality of vegetable production and consumption, preferences, habits of consumption and changes produced in the Latin American population’s diet dueto the COVID-19 global pandemics. The results obtained show the existence of differences between perception and the reality of the population’s consumption generating the need to drive actions to produce coincidence of what the population believes it consumes with what it actually does, so as to have a diet rich in quantity, quality and diversity of vegetables that benefits its health and life quality and reduces the risk of developing potential illnesses. Additional Keywords: preferences, diet, health, market, coronavirus, kitchen garden.Fil: Castagnino, Ana Maria. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnolológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología. Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Marín Castro, M. A.. Depto. de Investigaciones En Ciencias Agrícolas (dica); MéxicoFil: Díaz, K. E.. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Bazán, P.. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Marina, Javier Alejandro. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Echeverría, Matías Sebastián. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Galizio, Rodrigo. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Martinoia, Gabriela Ivone. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Rogers, William John. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnolológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología. Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, H.. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Reina, R.. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Rubel, I.. Crescaa, Facultad de Agronomía, Azul, Uncpba, Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Miranda Lasprilla, D.. Facultad de Agronomia; Colombi