2000 Commencement Program

Contains the names of degree recipients and commencement speakers, an order of exercises, and other related information.https://digitalcommons.assumption.edu/commencement-programs/1054/thumbnail.jp

Comparison of extraction methods for kahweol and cafestol analysis in roasted coffee

Não InformadoKahweol and cafestol, diterpenes from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee, present known effects on human health such as anticarcinogenic and hipercholesterolemic activities. There are discrepancies regarding the levels reported for these compounds in roasted coffee, probably due to the extraction processes. Therefore, four sample preparation methods were studied: direct hot saponification (DHS), direct cold saponification (DCS); and Bligh and Dyer (BD) or Soxhlet (SO) extraction followed by saponification. The levels of diterpenes and their dehydro derivatives obtained by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and the chromatographic profiles of roasted coffee, obtained by these four methods, were compared. DHS was more efficient for extraction, showing better separation of chromatographic peaks and levels of 930.2 (± 36.8), 113.2 (± 4.7), 568.6 (± 16.6) and 87.1 (± 3.7) mg 100 g-1 for kahweol, dehydrokahweol, cafestol and dehydrocafestol, respectively. The DHS extract presented a diterpene content (kahweol and cafestol) 15% superior to that of DCS and up to 88% superior than using SO and BD methods.Kahweol and cafestol, diterpenes from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee, present known effects on human health such as anticarcinogenic and hipercholesterolemic activities. There are discrepancies regarding the levels reported for these compounds in roasted coffee, probably due to the extraction processes. Therefore, four sample preparation methods were studied: direct hot saponification (DHS), direct cold saponification (DCS)and Bligh and Dyer (BD) or Soxhlet (SO) extraction followed by saponification. The levels of diterpenes and their dehydro derivatives obtained by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and the chromatographic profiles of roasted coffee, obtained by these four methods, were compared. DHS was more efficient for extraction, showing better separation of chromatographic peaks and levels of 930.2 (± 36.8), 113.2 (± 4.7), 568.6 (± 16.6) and 87.1 (± 3.7) mg 100 g-1 for kahweol, dehydrokahweol, cafestol and dehydrocafestol, respectively. The DHS extract presented a diterpene content (kahweol and cafestol) 15% superior to that of DCS and up to 88% superior than using SO and BD methods.Kahweol and cafestol, diterpenes from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee, present known effects on human health such as anticarcinogenic and hipercholesterolemic activities. There are discrepancies regarding the levels reported for these compounds in roasted coffee, probably due to the extraction processes. Therefore, four sample preparation methods were studied: direct hot saponification (DHS), direct cold saponification (DCS)and Bligh and Dyer (BD) or Soxhlet (SO) extraction followed by saponification. The levels of diterpenes and their dehydro derivatives obtained by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and the chromatographic profiles of roasted coffee, obtained by these four methods, were compared. DHS was more efficient for extraction, showing better separation of chromatographic peaks and levels of 930.2 (± 36.8), 113.2 (± 4.7), 568.6 (± 16.6) and 87.1 (± 3.7) mg 100 g-1 for kahweol, dehydrokahweol, cafestol and dehydrocafestol, respectively. The DHS extract presented a diterpene content (kahweol and cafestol) 15% superior to that of DCS and up to 88% superior than using SO and BD methods.243492492499Não InformadoNão InformadoCaveol e cafestol, diterpenos da fração lipídica do café, têm efeitos conhecidos na saúde humana, como atividade anticarcinogênica e hipercolesterolêmica. Existem divergências quanto às concentrações desses compostos reportadas para café torrado, provavelmente devido aos processos de extração empregados. Assim, quatro métodos de preparo de amostra foram estudados: saponificação direta a quente (SDQ), saponificação direta a frio (SDF)e extração por Bligh e Dyer (BD) ou soxhlet (SO) seguida de saponificação. Teores dos diterpenos e seus dehidroderivados obtidos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de arranjo de diodos e espectrometria de massa (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) e perfis cromatográficos de café torrado, obtidos pelos quatro métodos, foram comparados. SDQ foi mais eficiente quanto à extração, mostrando melhor separação dos picos cromatográficos e teores de 930,2 (± 36,8), 113,2 (± 4,7), 568,6 (± 16,6) e 87,1 (± 3,7) mg 100 g-1 para caveol, dehidrocaveol, cafestol e dehidrocafestol, respectivamente. O extrato SDQ apresentou teores de diterpenos (caveol e cafestol) 15% superiores àqueles obtidos por SDF e até 88% maiores que pelos métodos SO e BD.Kahweol and cafestol, diterpenes from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee, present known effects on human health such as anticarcinogenic and hipercholesterolemic activities. There are discrepancies regarding the levels reported for these compounds in roasted coffee, probably due to the extraction processes. Therefore, four sample preparation methods were studied: direct hot saponification (DHS), direct cold saponification (DCS)and Bligh and Dyer (BD) or Soxhlet (SO) extraction followed by saponification. The levels of diterpenes and their dehydro derivatives obtained by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and the chromatographic profiles of roasted coffee, obtained by these four methods, were compared. DHS was more efficient for extraction, showing better separation of chromatographic peaks and levels of 930.2 (± 36.8), 113.2 (± 4.7), 568.6 (± 16.6) and 87.1 (± 3.7) mg 100 g-1 for kahweol, dehydrokahweol, cafestol and dehydrocafestol, respectively. The DHS extract presented a diterpene content (kahweol and cafestol) 15% superior to that of DCS and up to 88% superior than using SO and BD methods.Caveol e cafestol, diterpenos da fração lipídica do café, têm efeitos conhecidos na saúde humana, como atividade anticarcinogênica e hipercolesterolêmica. Existem divergências quanto às concentrações desses compostos reportadas para café torrado, provavelmente devido aos processos de extração empregados. Assim, quatro métodos de preparo de amostra foram estudados: saponificação direta a quente (SDQ), saponificação direta a frio (SDF)e extração por Bligh e Dyer (BD) ou soxhlet (SO) seguida de saponificação. Teores dos diterpenos e seus dehidroderivados obtidos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de arranjo de diodos e espectrometria de massa (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) e perfis cromatográficos de café torrado, obtidos pelos quatro métodos, foram comparados. SDQ foi mais eficiente quanto à extração, mostrando melhor separação dos picos cromatográficos e teores de 930,2 (± 36,8), 113,2 (± 4,7), 568,6 (± 16,6) e 87,1 (± 3,7) mg 100 g-1 para caveol, dehidrocaveol, cafestol e dehidrocafestol, respectivamente. O extrato SDQ apresentou teores de diterpenos (caveol e cafestol) 15% superiores àqueles obtidos por SDF e até 88% maiores que pelos métodos SO e BD.Kahweol and cafestol, diterpenes from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee, present known effects on human health such as anticarcinogenic and hipercholesterolemic activities. There are discrepancies regarding the levels reported for these compounds in roasted coffee, probably due to the extraction processes. Therefore, four sample preparation methods were studied: direct hot saponification (DHS), direct cold saponification (DCS)and Bligh and Dyer (BD) or Soxhlet (SO) extraction followed by saponification. The levels of diterpenes and their dehydro derivatives obtained by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and the chromatographic profiles of roasted coffee, obtained by these four methods, were compared. DHS was more efficient for extraction, showing better separation of chromatographic peaks and levels of 930.2 (± 36.8), 113.2 (± 4.7), 568.6 (± 16.6) and 87.1 (± 3.7) mg 100 g-1 for kahweol, dehydrokahweol, cafestol and dehydrocafestol, respectively. The DHS extract presented a diterpene content (kahweol and cafestol) 15% superior to that of DCS and up to 88% superior than using SO and BD methods

Cellular prion protein interaction with vitronectin supports axonal growth and is compensated by integrins

The physiological functions of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, as a cell surface pleiotropic receptor are under debate. We report that PrPC interacts with vitronectin but not with fibronectin or collagen. the binding sites mediating this PrPC-vitronectin interaction were mapped to residues 105-119 of PrPC and the residues 307-320 of vitronectin. the two proteins were co-localized in embryonic dorsal root ganglia from wild-type mice. Vitronectin addition to cultured dorsal root ganglia induced axonal growth, which could be mimicked by vitronectin peptide 307-320 and abrogated by anti-PrPC antibodies. Full-length vitronectin, but not the vitronectin peptide 307-320, induced axonal growth of dorsal root neurons from two strains of PrPC-null mice. Functional assays demonstrated that relative to wild-type cells, PrPC-null dorsal root neurons were more responsive to the Arg-Gly-Asp peptide (an integrin-binding site), and exhibited greater alpha v beta 3 activity. Our findings indicate that PrPC plays an important role in axonal growth, and this function may be rescued in PrPC-knockout animals by integrin compensatory mechanisms.Hosp Alemao Oswaldo Cruz, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilHosp Canc, Ctr Tratamento & Pesquisa, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Dept Patol Basica, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Dept Biol Celular, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, INFAR, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, INFAR, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Search for dark photons in Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A search is presented for a Higgs boson that is produced via vector boson fusion and that decays to an undetected particle and an isolated photon. The search is performed by the CMS collaboration at the LHC, using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 130 fb−1, recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016–2018. No significant excess of events above the expectation from the standard model background is found. The results are interpreted in the context of a theoretical model in which the undetected particle is a massless dark photon. An upper limit is set on the product of the cross section for production via vector boson fusion and the branching fraction for such a Higgs boson decay, as a function of the Higgs boson mass. For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, assuming the standard model production rates, the observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit on the branching fraction is 3.5 (2.8)%. This is the first search for such decays in the vector boson fusion channel. Combination with a previous search for Higgs bosons produced in association with a Z boson results in an observed (expected) upper limit on the branching fraction of 2.9 (2.1)% at 95% confidence level

Measurement of the Higgs boson production rate in association with top quarks in final states with electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying tau leptons at s√=13TeV

The rate for Higgs (H) bosons production in association with either one (tH) or two (tt¯H) top quarks is measured in final states containing multiple electrons, muons, or tau leptons decaying to hadrons and a neutrino, using proton–proton collisions recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV by the CMS experiment. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137fb−1. The analysis is aimed at events that contain H→WW, H→ττ, or H→ZZ decays and each of the top quark(s) decays either to lepton+jets or all-jet channels. Sensitivity to signal is maximized by including ten signatures in the analysis, depending on the lepton multiplicity. The separation among tH, tt¯H, and the backgrounds is enhanced through machine-learning techniques and matrix-element methods. The measured production rates for the tt¯H and tH signals correspond to 0.92±0.19(stat)+0.17−0.13(syst) and 5.7±2.7(stat)±3.0(syst) of their respective standard model (SM) expectations. The corresponding observed (expected) significance amounts to 4.7 (5.2) standard deviations for tt¯H, and to 1.4 (0.3) for tH production. Assuming that the Higgs boson coupling to the tau lepton is equal in strength to its expectation in the SM, the coupling yt of the Higgs boson to the top quark divided by its SM expectation, κt=yt/ySMt, is constrained to be within −0.9<κt<−0.7 or 0.7<κt<1.1, at 95% confidence level. This result is the most sensitive measurement of the tt¯H production rate to date.SCOAP

Encapsulation of blackberry anthocyanins by thermal gelation of curdlan

Blackberry shows an attractive color due to the presence of anthocyanins; however the use of these pigments as natural colorant is difficult since some external agents, specially pH>3, cause their discoloration. On the other hand, encapsulation techniques have been widely used in the industry to protect active ingredients. The aims of this study were to establish the encapsulation conditions of anthocyanins from blackberry, to evaluate the capsules characteristics, as well as the anthocyanins release. Three polysaccharides (curdlan, pectin and sodium alginate) were evaluated as wall material to obtain capsules by gelation. Curdlan was chosen since it was the only gum capable to form hard gel under low pH value. The capsules showed spherical form and multinucleated appearance, and encapsulation efficiency ranged from 80.3 to 96.7%. The release curves followed first order kinetics, with a strong burst effect, 80 to 100% of the anthocyanins released in solution at pH 1 after 20 min

Microcapsules Containing Antioxidant Molecules As Scavengers Of Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species.

The antioxidant capacities of gum arabic and maltodextrin microcapsules containing antioxidant molecules (trolox, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, apo-8'-carotenal and apo-12'-carotenal) against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were evaluated. The scavenging capacities were influenced by the wall material, the reactive species, namely ROO(), H(2)O(2), HO(), HOCl and ONOO(-), and the antioxidant molecule. In general, a more pronounced enhancement of the antioxidant capacity due to incorporation of antioxidant molecules was observed in gum arabic microcapsules. The empty microcapsules showed capacity to scavenge all the studied ROS and RNS, being gum arabic a more potent antioxidant than maltodextrin. Apo-8'-carotenal incorporation promoted the highest increase in the scavenging capacities among the evaluated antioxidants, varying from 50% to 132% and from 39% to 85% for gum arabic and maltodextrin microcapsules, respectively, suggesting that this carotenoid presented the best balance between the molecule localization inside the microcapsules and the reactivity against the specific reactive species.134704-1