Imagens da religião em um carnaval da Mangueira

A photo essay containing images taken behind the scenes of the Mangueira samba school parade from 2020, whose theme was The Truth Will Set You Free!’ The school proposed a modern carnivalized reading of the life of Christ, depicting him with faces from subalternized groups of contemporary Brazil. More than a documentation, the images in this essay offer a reinterpretation of the parade’s visuality, providing an anthropological reading of an exemplary case of carnivalization of the religious, while also highlighting the ‘staged’ aspects of the festive performance and the social critique that it encompasses.Foto-ensaio dos bastidores do desfile da escola de samba Mangueira em 2020, com o enredo “A verdade vos fará livre!”. A escola propunha uma leitura atualizada e carnavalizada da vida de Cristo, atribuindo-lhe as faces de grupos subalternizados do Brasil atual. Mais do que uma documentação, as imagens do ensaio buscam ser uma reinterpretação da visualidade proposta para o desfile, oferecendo uma leitura antropológica de um caso exemplar de carnavalização do religioso, ao mesmo tempo que apontam para as dimensões da “montagem” da performance festiva e da crítica social que ela engloba

Santos, vadias e fetos

O artigo analisa uma performance envolvendo quebra de imagens religiosas, ocorrida na Marcha das Vadias de 2013, no Rio de Janeiro, bem como as repercussões que teve. Através da noção de evento crítico, de Bruce Kapferer, pretende discutir as implicações dos usos de imagens religiosas em lutas políticas que envolvam identidades.The article analyzes a performance involving the breakdown of religious images, which took place at the Slut Walk of 2013, in Rio de Janeiro, as well as the repercussions it had. Through Bruce Kapferer's notion of a critical event, the intention is to discuss the implications of the use of religious images in political struggles involving identities

Comentário

Comentário de Renata Menezes ao texto "A trajetória de um eremita peregrino na América católica do século XIX", de Alexandre de Oliveira Karsburg

O Além no cotidiano: repensando fronteiras entre antropologia e história a partir do culto aos santos

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar como a cooperação entre Antropologia e História no estudo do culto aos santos é capaz de complexificar a interpretação desses fenômenos e, consequentemente, a interpretação das relações entre além e cotidiano. Para tanto, o texto estrutura-se em três partes: uma discussão inicial sobre a importância do estudo do culto aos santos para as ciências humanas; em seguida, apresenta uma proposta de tratamento do tema a partir de uma abordagem “interpretativista”; e por fim, traz exemplos de articulação entre casos etnográficos e relatos historiográficos, contribuindo para a construção de interpretações sobre as relações entre santos e devotos.

Understanding gender differences through free interactions at scholar environment

Evolutionary Psychology considers that gender differences in play are a result of cultural influences upon pre-dispositions selected in the species. The compatibility of these differences with theoretical prevision was investigated. Seventy three six/seven years old students of private schools were recorded in four 30 minutes sessions. Playful behavior frequency and playmate choice were counted. Later, 21 children were asked about favourite plays and how they classified those plays accordingly to gender patterns. Both sexes participated in similar activities but their interactions were mostly restricted to members of the same sex. It was also observed that there were topographic differences in the way they played, accordingly to sex. The interviews, as shown in the literature, allowed to identify that the speech and the behavior observed were different, with a higher cultural influence upon the speech.Para a Psicologia Evolucionista as diferenças de gênero existentes nas brincadeiras resultam de influências culturais que interagem com uma pré-disposição selecionada na espécie. Objetivou-se investigar se tais diferenças seriam compatíveis com dimorfismo sexual descrito na literatura da área. Setenta e três alunos entre seis e sete anos de uma escola particular foram filmados em quatro sessões de 30 minutos de recreio. Contabilizou-se a freqüência dos comportamentos e os pares com que ocorriam. Posteriormente, 21 crianças foram entrevistadas sobre suas brincadeiras prediletas e suas classificações de brincadeiras segundo o gênero. Pôde-se observar que ambos os sexos participam de atividades similares, mas em interações intra-sexuais. Além disso, observaram-se diferenças topográficas na forma de brincar, de acordo com o sexo. Nas entrevistas, como previa a literatura, foram registradas diferenças entre o relatado e o observado, indicando maior influência cultural sobre o conteúdo relatado

Mechanical and optical properties of conventional restorative glass-ionomer cements - a systematic review

Objectives To perform a systematic review of test methodologies on conventional restorative glass-ionomer cement (GIC) materials for mechanical and optical properties to compare the results between different GICs. Material and Methods Screening of titles and abstracts, data extraction, and quality assessments of full-texts were conducted in search for in vitro studies on conventional GICs that follow the relevant specifications of ISO standards regarding the following mechanical and optical properties: compressive strength, flexural strength, color, opacity and radiopacity. Sources The Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry (BBO) databases from Latin-American and Caribbean System on Health Sciences Information (BIREME) and PubMed/Medline (US National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health) databases were searched regardless of language. Altogether, 1146 in vitro studies were selected. Two reviewers independently selected and assessed the articles according to pre-established inclusion/exclusion criteria. Among all the properties investigated, only one study was classified as being of fair quality that tested compressive strength and was included. It was observed that many authors had not strictly followed ISO recommendations and that, for some properties (diametral tensile strength and microhardness), there are no guidelines provided. Conclusions It was not possible to compare the results for the mechanical and optical properties of conventional restorative GICs due to the lack of standardization of studies

Mechanical and optical properties of conventional restorative glassionomer cements - a systematic review

Objectives: To perform a systematic review of test methodologies on conventional restorative glass-ionomer cement (GIC) materials for mechanical and optical properties to compare the results between different GICs. Material and Methods: Screening of titles and abstracts, data extraction, and quality assessments of full-texts were conducted in search for in vitro studies on conventional GICs that follow the relevant specifications of ISO standards regarding the following mechanical and optical properties: compressive strength, flexural strength, color, opacity and radiopacity. Sources: The Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry (BBO) databases from Latin-American and Caribbean System on Health Sciences Information (BIREME) and PubMed/Medline (US National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health) databases were searched regardless of language. Altogether, 1146 in vitro studies were selected. Two reviewers independently selected and assessed the articles according to pre-established inclusion/exclusion criteria. Among all the properties investigated, only one study was classified as being of fair quality that tested compressive strength and was included. It was observed that many authors had not strictly followed ISO recommendations and that, for some properties (diametral tensile strength and microhardness), there are no guidelines provided. Conclusions: It was not possible to compare the results for the mechanical and optical properties of conventional restorative GICs due to the lack of standardization of studies

Skin picking treatment with the Rothbaum cognitive behavioral therapy protocol : a randomized clinical trial

Introduction: Although behavioral therapies can effectively treat skin picking disorder (SPD), there is no standardized treatment for improving SPD and its comorbidities and there is no group intervention option. This trial aimed to adapt the Rothbaum trichotillomania protocol to SPD (Study 1) and test its efficacy for treating SPD and comorbidities in individual and group formats (Study 2). Methods: The adapted protocol was applied to 16 SPD patients, who were allocated to group or individual treatment (Study 1). Afterwards, 54 patients were randomly allocated to treatment in an individual (n=27) or group format (n=27) (Study 2). In both studies, assessments of SPD severity, anxiety, depression, clinical status and skin lesion severity were performed at baseline and the endpoint. Results: The adapted protocol was feasible in both treatment modalities (Study 1) and led to high SPD remission rates (individual 63%; group 52%), with no significant difference between intervention types (p = 0.4) (Study 2). SPD, anxiety, and depression symptoms and objective patient lesion measures improved after treatment. There was large effect size for SPD symptom improvement in both treatment types (Cohen’s d: group = 0.88; individual = 1.15) (Study 2). Conclusion: The adapted Rothbaum protocol was effective for SPD remission, comorbidities, and skin lesions, both in individual and group formats

Toxic effect of elements on the germination and initial development of barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an agricultural vegetable from the Poaceae family used in food and beer production. The study aimed to evaluate the toxic effect of Aluminum (Al) and Copper (Cu) on germination and initial development in barley seeds cultivar KWS Irina. Different concentrations (0, 35, 85 and 125 mg L-1) of aqueous solution of Al and Cu were produced from their chlorides. The toxicity experiment was carried out in a germination box maintained in a germination chamber with a 12-h photoperiod. After 15 days of germination, the seedlings were measured using a millimetric ruler (cm) where they were evaluated for plant length, root length, and fresh and dry mass of plant and root determined on a digital analytical scale (g). Barley seedlings cultivar KWS Irina demonstrated to be intolerant to concentrations of the toxic elements Al and Cu in all plant parameters analyzed, except for plant dry mass. Future studies should be carried out comparing the initial and reproductive development of this barley cultivar in terms of the presence and absence of toxic elements