Ansiedade cognitiva de provas e procrastinação acadêmica: um estudo com universitários do Brasil:

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive power of cognitive test anxiety on academic procrastination in university students from the interior of northeastern Brazil, as well as to determine if the levels of these constructs differ based on gender. A total of 204 university students from the northeastern region participated in the study, with a majority of female participants. The Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale, Tuckman Procrastination Scale, and sociodemographic questions were used in the data collection. The results, through Pearson correlation and multiple regression, demonstrated that cognitive test anxiety was positively related to academic procrastination. Finally, the independent samples t-test showed that women had higher levels of cognitive test anxiety compared to men. It can be concluded that cognitive test anxiety explains academic procrastination and that women are more vulnerable to anxiety in evaluative contexts.Objetivou-se verificar o poder preditivo da ansiedade cognitiva de provas na procrastinação acadêmica de universitários do interior do nordeste brasileiro, além de verificar se os níveis dos construtos abordados se diferem em função do gênero. Participaram 204 universitários do interior do nordeste brasileiro, que eram em maioria mulheres. Foram utilizadas Escala de Ansiedade Cognitiva de Provas, a Escala de Procrastinação de Tuckman e questões sociodemográficas. Os resultados, por meio da correlação de Pearson e regressão múltipla, demonstraram que a ansiedade cognitiva de provas estava relacionada positivamente com a procrastinação acadêmica. Por fim, o teste-t de Student, para amostras independentes, demonstrou que as mulheres apresentaram maiores níveis de ansiedade cognitiva frente a provas em comparação aos homens. Conclui-se que a ansiedade cognitiva de provas explica a procrastinação acadêmica e que as mulheres que se apresentam como mais vulneráveis para a ansiedade em contextos avaliativos

Cognitive test anxiety and academic procrastination: a study with university students in Brasil

Objetivou-se verificar o poder preditivo da ansiedade cognitiva de provas na procrastinação acadêmica de universitários do interior do nordeste brasileiro, além de verificar se os níveis dos construtos abordados se diferem em função do gênero. Participaram 204 universitários do interior do nordeste brasileiro, que eram em maioria mulheres. Foram utilizadas Escala de Ansiedade Cognitiva de Provas, a Escala de Procrastinação de Tuckman e questões sociodemográficas. Os resultados, por meio da correlação de Pearson e regressão múltipla, demonstraram que a ansiedade cognitiva de provas estava relacionada positivamente com a procrastinação acadêmica. Por fim, o teste-t de Student, para amostras independentes, demonstrou que as mulheres apresentaram maiores níveis de ansiedade cognitiva frente a provas em comparação aos homens. Conclui-se que a ansiedade cognitiva de provas explica a procrastinação acadêmica e que as mulheres que se apresentam como mais vulneráveis para a ansiedade em contextos avaliativos.The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive power of cognitive test anxiety on academic procrastination in university students from the interior of northeastern Brazil, as well as to determine if the levels of these constructs differ based on gender. A total of 204 university students from the northeastern region participated in the study, with a majority of female participants. The Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale, Tuckman Procrastination Scale, and sociodemographic questions were used in the data collection. The results, through Pearson correlation and multiple regression, demonstrated that cognitive test anxiety was positively related to academic procrastination. Finally, the independent samples t-test showed that women had higher levels of cognitive test anxiety compared to men. It can be concluded that cognitive test anxiety explains academic procrastination and that women are more vulnerable to anxiety in evaluative contexts.Grupo de Investigación HUM-672 AREA (Análisis de la Realidad EducativA

Cuidados paliativos: Importância da assistência à saúde ao paciente em fase terminal / Palliative care: Importance of health care to the patient in the terminal phase

Introdução: Cuidados paliativos têm como relevância a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e de seus parentes que precisam lidar com a fase terminal da vida, como a prevenção e o alívio do sofrimento, através do reconhecimento prévio, avaliação adequada e tratamento da dor e das outras complicações físicas, psicossociais e espirituais. Objetivo: Verificar o que tem sido produzido na literatura científica acerca da atuação dos profissionais de saúde nos cuidados paliativos aos pacientes na fase terminal.  Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados nas bases de dados eletrônicas: LILACS e SCIELO. Para alcançar variadas informações sobre o tema. Utilizaram-se os descritores (DeCS): cuidados paliativos, medicina e cuidados de saúde, associado ao operador booleano (AND). Os critérios de seleção foram artigos completos publicados no período de 2011 a 2018, em Língua inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola, que discutiam a temática referente ao problema da pesquisa. Foram excluídos os artigos duplicados, incompletos, e os que não se enquadravam na temática. Resultados e Discussão: Foram encontrados 57 artigos científicos que abordavam a temática, destes, selecionaram- se 12 para análise, interpretação dos dados e discussão da presente pesquisa. Foi possível identificar, nos artigos, aspectos relevantes aos cuidados paliativos, em que os profissionais de saúde prestam assistência ao ponto de reduzir o sofrimento desses enfermos. Além disso, percebeu-se, também, dificuldades apresentadas por esses profissionais devido à ausência de conhecimentos durante a formação acadêmica. Conclusão: Destacou-se a forma de assistência na abordagem do cuidado, na obrigação de promover segurança e na qualidade prestadas aos pacientes um vínculo de confiabilidade entre os profissionais e pacientes

Uso de bioestimulantes na cultura do milho (Zea mays L.): uma revisão

O milho (Zea mays L.), é uma cultura de grande importância para o mundo. Dentre os grandes produtores dessa comoditie, destaca-se os Estados Unidos, China e Brasil. Visto o alto valor comercial do milho, tecnologias vem sendo empregadas no processo de produção, como a utilização de bioestimulantes. Nesse sentido, esse estudo objetivou revisar o conhecimento atual sobre os efeitos dos bioestimulantes na cultura do milho, em especial, o extrato de algas e extrato pirolenhoso, destacando a resposta direta ou indireta do vegetal quando utilizado esses tipos de substâncias. Diversos estudos de pesquisa já enfatizam a relevância do potencial de algas para uma melhor eficiência na produção agrícola, sendo fortes influenciadores ativos no crescimento da planta, visto sua aptidão de produzir ou interagir com os fitohormônios da planta, proporcionando ainda, um melhor desenvolvimento do sistema, maior vigor e aumento da produtividade. Por sua vez, o extrato pirolenhoso é um produto natural obtido da queima da madeira e utilizado como condicionador do solo, indutor de enraizamento, repelente de insetos pragas e outras funções que diminuem a utilização de defensivos agrícola no sistema de cultivo, sendo um bioestimulante com forte tendência no mercado. Os bioestimulantes apresenta-se como um potencial insumo alternativo para o incremento no crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de milho, contudo, entende-se que novas pesquisas são necessárias, com o intuito de fornecer melhores informações de interesses agronômicos

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Feasibility and effect of high-intensity training on the progression of motor symptoms in adult individuals with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundTo determine the feasibility and effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in individuals with Parkinson's and their effect on symptom modification and progression.MethodsWe conducted this systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). All studies were searched in seven databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Virtual Health Library (VHL) and SCOPUS in September 2020 and updated in June 2023. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. We used standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and random effects models, as well as the non-parametric Cochran's Q test and I2 inconsistency test to assess heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 15 randomized clinical trials with 654 participants (mean age, 65.4 years). The majority of studies included high intensity training interventions versus moderate intensity, usual care, or control group. The meta-analysis comparing high-intensity exercise versus control group showed an improvement in the disease severity (MD = -4.80 [95%CI, -6.38; -3.21 high evidence certainty); maximum oxygen consumption (MD = 1.81 [95%CI, 0.36; 3.27] very low evidence certainty) and quality of life (MD = -0.54 [95%CI, -0.94; -0.13] moderate evidence certainty). The results showed that high-intensity exercise compared with moderate intensity exercise group showed a improve motor function and functional mobility measured by the TUG test (MD = -0.38 [95%CI, -0.91; 0.16] moderate evidence certainty) with moderate heterogeneity between studies.ConclusionHigh-intensity exercise performed in both continuous and interval modes when compared with control groups may provide motor function benefits for individuals with Parkinson's disease. HIIT may be feasible, but the intensity of the exercise may influence individuals with Parkinson's disease. However, there was a lack of evidence comparing high intensity and moderate intensity for this population, as the results showed heterogeneity

Effects of food web structure and resource subsidies on the patterns and mechanisms of temporal coherence in a tropical coastal lagoon: an experimental mesocosm approach

AIM: The study of the patterns and mechanisms of temporal coherence of ecological variables among lakes has become an important area of limnology. However, no study to date has experimentally tested whether and how resource subsidies and food web configuration affect the patterns and mechanisms of temporal coherence of limnological variables. We conducted a field mesocosm experiment to test the following hypotheses: (i) nutrient enrichment would reduce the temporal coherence of system variables; (ii) fish predation would enhance the temporal coherence of system variables; and (iii) the strength of temporal coherence decreases from physical (water transparency), to chemical (dissolved oxygen concentration [DO]) to biological variables (total zooplankton biomass). METHODS: For 11 weeks, we manipulated fish presence and nutrient (N and P) concentration in a 2 × 2 factorial design in sixteen within-lake enclosures installed in a tropical coastal lagoon. Coherence was estimated by pair-to-pair Pearson's moment correlations of the temporal trajectories of each response variable among enclosures of the same treatment. RESULTS: Fish presence only enhanced the temporal coherence of zooplankton biomass, whereas contrary to our expectations, nutrient addition enhanced the temporal coherence of [DO]. The strength of the individual effects of fish and nutrients on temporal coherence was affected by variable identity, but this variation did not occur in a consistent pattern across variables. However, the interactive effects of fish and nutrients on the temporal coherence of the three variables monitored were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that local factors, such as fish presence and nutrient availability, may affect the temporal coherence of several system variables, but these effects are better predicted by the strength of direct interactions between the local factor and the variable than by the identity of the variable itself. We conclude that eutrophication and overfishing may alter the coupling of spatial and temporal dynamics of some ecosystem variables