Social work after stroke: identifying demand for support by recording stroke patients' and carers' needs in different phases after stroke.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies examining social work interventions in stroke often lack information on content, methods and timing over different phases of care including acute hospital, rehabilitation and out-patient care. This limits our ability to evaluate the impact of social work in multidisciplinary stroke care. We aimed to quantify social-work-related support in stroke patients and their carers in terms of timing and content, depending on the different phases of stroke care. METHODS: We prospectively collected and evaluated data derived from a specialized "Stroke-Service-Point" (SSP); a "drop in" center and non-medical stroke assistance service, staffed by social workers and available to all stroke patients, their carers and members of the public in the metropolitan region of Berlin, Germany. RESULTS: Enquiries from 257 consenting participants consulting the SSP between March 2010 and April 2012 related to out-patient and in-patient services, therapeutic services, medical questions, medical rehabilitation, self-help groups and questions around obtaining benefits. Frequency of enquiries for different topics depended on whether patients were located in an in-patient or out-patient setting. The majority of contacts involved information provision. While the proportion of male and female patients with stroke was similar, about two thirds of the carers contacting the SSP were female. CONCLUSION: The social-work-related services provided by a specialized center in a German metropolitan area were diverse in terms of topic and timing depending on the phase of stroke care. Targeting the timing of interventions might be important to increase the impact of social work on patient's outcome

identifying demand for support by recording stroke patients’ and carers’ needs in different phases after stroke

Background Previous studies examining social work interventions in stroke often lack information on content, methods and timing over different phases of care including acute hospital, rehabilitation and out-patient care. This limits our ability to evaluate the impact of social work in multidisciplinary stroke care. We aimed to quantify social-work-related support in stroke patients and their carers in terms of timing and content, depending on the different phases of stroke care. Methods We prospectively collected and evaluated data derived from a specialized “Stroke-Service-Point” (SSP); a “drop in” center and non-medical stroke assistance service, staffed by social workers and available to all stroke patients, their carers and members of the public in the metropolitan region of Berlin, Germany. Results Enquiries from 257 consenting participants consulting the SSP between March 2010 and April 2012 related to out-patient and in-patient services, therapeutic services, medical questions, medical rehabilitation, self-help groups and questions around obtaining benefits. Frequency of enquiries for different topics depended on whether patients were located in an in-patient or out-patient setting. The majority of contacts involved information provision. While the proportion of male and female patients with stroke was similar, about two thirds of the carers contacting the SSP were female. Conclusion The social- work-related services provided by a specialized center in a German metropolitan area were diverse in terms of topic and timing depending on the phase of stroke care. Targeting the timing of interventions might be important to increase the impact of social work on patient’s outcome

How much inequality of earnings do people perceive as just? The effect of interviewer presence and monetary incentives on inequality preferences

"This paper describes two studies designed to test how two structural conditions of an interview situation - the presence of an interviewer and use of incentives - influence respondents' preferences regarding inequality. According to goal-framing theory and findings from empirical justice research, different goal frames are activated in different types of relationships, producing different distributional preferences: Cooperative situations induce a normative goal frame resulting in a stronger preference for equality whereas competitive situations induce a gain frame in which individuals have stronger preferences for inequality. Assuming the former type of relationship is established by the presence of an interviewer and the latter type by incentivizing, we conducted two studies to test our hypotheses. The results suggest that building a cooperative relationship through interviewer presence and cooperation priming leads to a preference for equality, while use of incentives leads to a clear preference for inequality." (author's abstract

How Much Inequality of Earnings do People Perceive as Just?: the Effect of Interviewer Presence on Inequality Preferences

Liebig S, May M, Sauer C, Schneider S, Valet P. How Much Inequality of Earnings do People Perceive as Just?: the Effect of Interviewer Presence on Inequality Preferences. SFB 882 Working Paper Series. Vol 35. Bielefeld: DFG Research Center (SFB) 882 From Heterogeneities to Inequalities; 2014.This paper asks how two structural conditions of an interview situation – the presence of the interviewer and the use of incentives – influence the preferences towards inequality. According to goal-framing theory and the findings of empirical justice research, different goal frames are activated in different types of relationships, producing different distributional preferences: A normative goal frame results in a stronger preference for equality in cooperative situations whereas a gain frame favors inequality in competitive situations. We assume the former type of relationship to be established by the presence of an interviewer, and the latter type to be established by incentivizing. Two experimental studies test our hypotheses. The results suggest that generating a collaborative relationship through interviewer presence and cooperation priming leads to a preference for equality in comparison to a neutral, competitive, or exchange situation using competitive priming techniques. The use of incentives generates a clear preference for inequality

Tracer Survey in the Cape Verde Region Traceraufnahme in der Kapverdenregion Cruise No. 10, Leg 1 October 31 – December 06, 2008 Ponta Delgada (Portugal) – Mindelo (Cape Verde Islands)

The research cruise MSM10/1 was extremely successful. All programs were able to collect high quality data and the anticipated goals of the expedition were fully met. We have been able to carry out the first comprehensive survey of a tracer release in the Guinea Upwelling region (GUTRE) roughly seven month after the tracer was released at 8°N 23°W in April 2008. We have estimated that a total of 40% of the tracer was found during this cruise. While the horizontal spreading and mixing was larger than anticipated, the vertical extent of the tracer found was small. The low vertical tracer spreading rate estimates are supported by the micro structure profile data. The extensive survey of the upper 1000m of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) allowed comparing our sections with several previous surveys. We found that the lowest oxygen values in the core of the OMZ have dropped at record low values below 40 μmol/kg. The preliminary findings from the trace metal work focused on Fe ligand measurements shows a slight higher excess ligand concentration in the surface (50m) for three stations. The two other stations show a slight decrease at this depth. A large number of biochemical samples were taken and were analyzed in Kiel for DNA and RNA diversity. The tracer release experiment provided an ideal environment for repeated biochemical sampling in the same water mass

Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) on cancer in laboratory animal studies

Background: The carcinogenicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) has been evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2011. Based on limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and in animals, RF EMF were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In 2018, based on a survey amongst RF experts, WHO prioritized six major topics of potential RF EMF related human health effects for systematic reviews. In the current manuscript, we present the protocol for the systematic review of experimental laboratory animal studies (cancer bioassays) on exposure to RF fields on the outcome of cancer in laboratory animals. Objective: In the framework of WHO's Radiation Program, the aim of this work is to systematically evaluate effects of RF EMF exposure on cancer in laboratory animals. Study eligibility and criteria: WHO's Handbook (2014) for guideline development will be followed with appropriate adaptation. The selection of eligible studies will be based on Population, Exposures, Comparators, and Outcomes (PECO) criteria. We will include peer-reviewed articles and publicly available reports from government agencies reporting original data about animal cancer bioassays on exposure to RF EMF. The studies are identified by searching the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Citation Index Expanded and Emerging Sources Citation Indes (Web of Science), Scopus, and the EMF Portal. No language or year-of-publication restrictions are applied. The methods and results of eligible studies will be presented in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Study appraisal method: Study evaluation of individual studies will be assessed using a risk of bias (RoB) tool developed by the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) with appropriate considerations including sensitivity for evaluating RF EMF exposure in animal cancer bioassays. The final evaluation on the certainty of the evidence on a carcinogenic risk of RF EMF exposure in experimental animals will be performed using the OHAT Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach with appropriate considerations. The protocol has been registered in an open-source repository (PROSPERO)

10 Minuten Reformation

Am 31. Oktober 2017 jährte sich der sog. Thesenanschlag Martin Luthers zum 500. Mal. Luther hatte als Theologieprofessor gravierende Fehlentwicklungen seiner Kirche und Gesellschaft angeprangert und konkrete Thesen präsentiert, wie diese Missstände beseitigt werden könnten. Dabei sah Luther seine Kirche, seine Gesellschaft, sogar die ganze Welt in höchster existentieller Gefahr. Die ökumenische Hochschulgemeinde von KHG und ESG in Hildesheim nahm das geschichtsträchtige Datum zum Anlass, um mit Lehrenden unterschiedlicher wissenschaftlicher Fachbereiche an der Universität Hildesheim darüber zu diskutieren, welche gesellschaftlichen „Reformationen“ heute erforderlich sind, je aus der Perspektive des jeweiligen Fachbereiches. Die Statements sollten an unterschiedlichen Orten der Universität gehalten werden, jeweils mittwochs zur programmatischen Uhrzeit um fünf vor zwölf. Ziel des hochschulöffentlichen Diskurs-Projektes war es, essentielle Dringlichkeitsgebote („Thesen“) aus einzelnen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen zu sammeln und in den Dialog zu bringen. Heraus gekommen sind zehn 10-Minuten-Statements von charmanter Eigenwilligkeit und enormer hochschulpolitischer und gesellschaftlicher Brisanz. Es sind Zeitdiagnosen und Veränderungsappelle aus der Sozialwissenschaft, der Kulturpolitik und der Psychologie, der Theater- und der Erziehungswissenschaft, der Theologie, der Philosophie und der englischen Sprachwissenschaft, der Informationswissenschaft und aus der Welt der verfassten Studierendenschaft. Die Statements liegen in diesem Buch nun schriftlich vor und provozieren Widerspruch oder Zustimmung, auf jeden Fall aber die Lust, darüber ins Gespräch zu kommen, unter Lehrenden und Studierenden

Atherosclerotic calcification is related to a higher risk of dementia and cognitive decline

Background: Longitudinal data on the role of atherosclerosis in different vessel beds in the etiology of cognitive impairmen