Upgrade of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeters for the High-Luminosity LHC

The increased particle flux at the high luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), with instantaneous luminosities of up to 7.5 times the original design value, will have an impact on many sub-systems of the ATLAS detector. This contribution highlights the particular impacts on the ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter system, together with an overview of the various upgrade plans leading up to the HL-LHC. The higher luminosities are of particular importance for the forward calorimeters (FCal), where the expected increase in the ionization load poses a number of problems that can degrade the FCal performance such as beam heating and space-charge effects in the liquid argon gaps and high-voltage drop due to increased current drawn over the current-limiting resistors. A proposed FCal replacement as a way to counter some of these problems is weighed against the risks associated with the replacement. To further mitigate the effects of increased pile-up, the installation of a high-granularity timing detector at the front face of each end-cap cryostat is also currently under consideration. Several different sensor technologies and layouts are being investigated.Comment: 7 pages, 12 figures, Proceedings of the IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Strasbourg, France, October 29 - November 5, 201

Representation of strongly independent preorders by sets of scalar-valued functions

We provide conditions under which an incomplete strongly independent preorder on a convex set X can be represented by a set of mixture preserving real-valued functions. We allow X to be infinite dimensional. The main continuity condition we focus on is mixture continuity. This is sufficient for such a representation provided X has countable dimension or satisfies a condition that we call Polarization

Design of high speed proprotors using multiobjective optimization techniques

An integrated, multiobjective optimization procedure is developed for the design of high speed proprotors with the coupling of aerodynamic, dynamic, aeroelastic, and structural criteria. The objectives are to maximize propulsive efficiency in high speed cruise and rotor figure of merit in hover. Constraints are imposed on rotor blade aeroelastic stability in cruise and on total blade weight. Two different multiobjective formulation procedures, the Min summation of beta and the K-S function approaches are used to formulate the two-objective optimization problems

Utilitarianism with and without expected utility

We give two social aggregation theorems under conditions of risk, one for constant population cases, the other an extension to variable populations. Intra and interpersonal welfare comparisons are encoded in a single ‘individual preorder’. The theorems give axioms that uniquely determine a social preorder in terms of this individual preorder. The social preorders described by these theorems have features that may be considered characteristic of Harsanyi-style utilitarianism, such as indifference to ex ante and ex post equality. However, the theorems are also consistent with the rejection of all of the expected utility axioms, completeness, continuity, and independence, at both the individual and social levels. In that sense, expected utility is inessential to Harsanyi-style utilitarianism. In fact, the variable population theorem imposes only a mild constraint on the individual preorder, while the constant population theorem imposes no constraint at all. We then derive further results under the assumption of our basic axioms. First, the individual preorder satisfies the main expected utility axiom of strong independence if and only if the social preorder has a vector-valued expected total utility representation, covering Harsanyi’s utilitarian theorem as a special case. Second, stronger utilitarian-friendly assumptions, like Pareto or strong separability, are essentially equivalent to strong independence. Third, if the individual preorder satisfies a ‘local expected utility’ condition popular in non-expected utility theory, then the social preorder has a ‘local expected total utility’ representation. Fourth, a wide range of non-expected utility theories nevertheless lead to social preorders of outcomes that have been seen as canonically egalitarian, such as rank-dependent social preorders. Although our aggregation theorems are stated under conditions of risk, they are valid in more general frameworks for representing uncertainty or ambiguity

Universalitat multicultural : variacions sobre un tema il·lustrat

Després d'una crítica a la universalitat il·lustrada, on no hi havia lloc per a l'alteritat i la diferència, i que es feia servir per justificar la marginació de pobles no occidentals; però també després d'una crítica al relativisme cultural que nega validesa a les cultures més enllà del seu context, McCarthy troba el concepte d'«universalitat multicultural» com la manera de fer justícia a l'universal i el particular, la igualtat i la diferència. Aquest és el concepte que vol presentar aquí. En aquest assaig, McCarthy treballa amb la idea kantiana dels «dos punts de vista», el del participant i el de l'observador, per tal de teoritzar les relacions entre els agents i els seus valors, creences, normes i actes, i especialment la reflexió crítica sobre ells. Més endavant, McCarthy duu a terme una interessant reflexió sobre el problema: com entenem els altres en les trobades entre cultures, i quines són les causes de les freqüents interpretacions errònies. Estudia l'origen de l'antropologia en el si del colonialisme, i com la política i l'economia condicionen les interpretacions dels observadors; i presenta noves metodologies que permeten, a aquells que hi són representats en els informes dels antropòlegs, de parlar en les seves pròpies veus, explicar les seves històries, desafiar les perspectives de l'antropòleg, oferir suggeriments alternatius. L'autor s'ocupa de les implicacions epistemològiques, però no oblida que el problema de les interpretacions errònies d'altres cultures rau en la política i l'economia, en les desigualtats de poder en el nostre món.After a critique against the enlightened universalism that had no place for the otherness and the difference, and was used to justify the marginalization of non-Western peoples; but too after a critique against a cultural relativism that denies any context transcendent validity to the cultures, McCarthy finds the concept of «multicultural universalism» as the form to do justice to universal and particular, sameness and difference. This is the concept he wants to present here. In this essay, McCarthy works with Kant's idea of the «two d the observer's, to theorize standpoints», the pat the relation between the agents and their values, believes, norms and acts, and above all their critical reflection about them. Afterwards McCarthy accomplishes an interesting reflection about the problem: how we understand the others in crosscultural encounters, and why we do so of wrong interpretations. He studies the origins of Anthropology in the colonialism and how politics and economic underlie observers' interpretations; and presents new methodologies that permit those being represented in the reports of anthropologists to speak in their own voices, tell their own stories, challenge anthropologists' views and offer alternative suggestions. The author is concerned with epistemologic implications but he doesn't forget, that the root problem of the wrong interpretations of other cultures is in the politics and the economie, in the inequalities of power in our world

Contra el relativismo: Un experimento mental

Sin resume

Modeling Instructional Best Practices: Pedagogy of College of Education Professors

In light of increased accountability for K-12 student achievement, critics have questioned the quality of teachers and school principals as well as the university programs that prepare them for these roles (Lambert, 1996; Levine, 2005; Murphy, 1992). Regarding the preparation of teachers, critics have stated that education courses are vapid, impractical, segmented, and directionless (Glenn, 2000). Two national reports that have made recommendations for teacher redesign are noteworthy. The report of the National Commission on Teaching and America’s Future, What matters most: Teaching for America’s future (Lambert, 1996), found that teacher preparation education is thin and fragmented and recommended that universities reinvent teacher preparation. The Glenn Commission\u27s report, Before It\u27s Too Late (2000), called for the identification of exemplary teacher preparation programs to be held up as models for other programs to emulate