L’incidence du langage non verbal de l’élève sur l'enseignant et le déroulement de sa leçon

Ce mémoire trace l’évolution d’une démarche de recherche qui a débuté autour du langage non verbal pour migrer ensuite vers les apprentissages en mouvement. Ma problématique de recherche portait tout d’abord sur les effets du langage non verbal des élèves sur l’enseignant et le déroulement de sa leçon. Au cours des observations faites sur le terrain, j’ai pris conscience du lien qui existe entre le besoin de mouvement des élèves et les signaux non verbaux qui en découlent. De nouveaux éléments théoriques et analytiques autour de la position assise et des apprentissages en mouvement se sont donc rajoutés au fil du travail

Midwives’ engagement in smoking- and alcohol-prevention in prenatal care before and after the introduction of practice guidelines in Switzerland : comparison of survey findings from 2008 and 2018

Background: Evidence suggests that cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy negatively impacts fetal health. Health agencies across countries have developed specific guidelines for health professionals in perinatal care to strengthen their role in smoking and alcohol use prevention. One such example is the “Guideline on Screening and Counselling for prevention of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption before, during, and after pregnancy” introduced by the Swiss Midwives Association in 2011. The current study assesses the changes in midwives’ engagement in smoking and alcohol use prevention before (2008) and after the introduction of the Guideline (2018). Further, the current study examines differences across regions (German vs. French speaking regions), graduation years (before and after the introduction of the Guideline) and different work settings (hospital vs. self-employed). Methods: Survey data were collected in 2008 (n = 366) and in 2018 (n = 459). Differences in how midwives engaged in smoking and alcohol use prevention between 2008 and 2018 were assessed with chi-square tests, as were differences across German and French speaking regions, graduation years (before and after the introduction of the Guideline) and across different work settings (working in hospitals or as self-employed). Results: An increase in midwives’ awareness of the risks of consuming even small quantities of cigarettes and alcohol for the unborn child between 2008 and 2018 is evident. Explaining the risks to pregnant women who smoke or use alcohol remained the most frequently reported prevention strategy. However, engagement with more extensive smoking and alcohol use preventive strategies across the whole course of pregnancy, such as assisting women in the elaboration of a plan to stop smoking/alcohol use, remained limited. Conclusions: Seven years after its introduction, the effectiveness of the Guideline in increasing midwives’ engagement in smoking and alcohol use prevention appears limited despite midwives’ increased awareness

Abnormal connectional fingerprint in schizophrenia: a novel network analysis of diffusion tensor imaging data

The graph theoretical analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data has received a great deal of interest in recent years to characterize the organizational principles of brain networks and their alterations in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. However, the characterization of networks in clinical populations can be challenging, since the comparison of connectivity between groups is influenced by several factors, such as the overall number of connections and the structural abnormalities of the seed regions. To overcome these limitations, the current study employed the whole-brain analysis of connectional fingerprints in diffusion tensor imaging data obtained at 3 T of chronic schizophrenia patients (n = 16) and healthy, age-matched control participants (n = 17). Probabilistic tractography was performed to quantify the connectivity of 110 brain areas. The connectional fingerprint of a brain area represents the set of relative connection probabilities to all its target areas and is, hence, less affected by overall white and gray matter changes than absolute connectivity measures. After detecting brain regions with abnormal connectional fingerprints through similarity measures, we tested each of its relative connection probability between groups. We found altered connectional fingerprints in schizophrenia patients consistent with a dysconnectivity syndrome. While the medial frontal gyrus showed only reduced connectivity, the connectional fingerprints of the inferior frontal gyrus and the putamen mainly contained relatively increased connection probabilities to areas in the frontal, limbic, and subcortical areas. These findings are in line with previous studies that reported abnormalities in striatal–frontal circuits in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, highlighting the potential utility of connectional fingerprints for the analysis of anatomical networks in the disorder

Selected human rights indicators in the context of current EU regulation: Towards more social sustainability in the financial and economic system. Part I: Minimum standards

This briefing paper, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS), develops 15 central indicators to represent a “minimum standard”. Indicators cover key human rights and key due diligence processes and were drawn from indicator sets widely used in practice; where useful we also suggest refinements of the existing indicators

Geometry and Construction History of the Copper Ridge Laccolith, Mount Ellen, Henry Mountains, Utah

The Copper Ridge laccolith is an asymmetric tongue-shaped intrusion located on the southeastern margin of Mount Ellen in the Henry Mountains, Utah. The late-Oligocene to early-Miocene igneous rocks have no syn- or post-emplacement tectonic overprint. In addition, exposure of the laccolith is exceptional: well-preserved sedimentary strata cap the intrusion, the lower contact is locally exposed, and numerous natural cross sections can be studied. These characteristics make the Copper Ridge laccolith an ideal location to study emplacement of magma in the shallow crust. Field mapping shows the intrusion is about 3.5 km wide, 2.0 km long and, at its thickest point, 425 m thick. The estimated magma volume is about 2.9 km³. Field work, crystal size distribution, and geochemistry, suggest that the intrusion was built incrementally through the injection of two separate magma batches, resulting in an upper and a lower sheet. Field work shows that the upper sheet is separated from the lower sheet by well-preserved, variably metamorphosed Cretaceous Tununk shale. Data from anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility analysis suggest a subhorizontal sill fed the intrusion from the west-northwest, and magma flowed to the southeast in a fanning pattern. X-ray diffraction data show that the preserved Tununk experienced low-grade contact metamorphism. Multiple data sets suggest a construction model in which the upper sheet intruded first, lifting and deforming the sedimentary strata. The lower sheet intruded second and off center relative to the upper sheet. The asymmetric lifting caused the upper sheet to fracture adjacent to the southern margin of the lower sheet. The fractures likely facilitated weathering and erosion, causing the upper sheet to appear segmented in current exposure.M.S

"Churches in the Vanguard:" Margaret Sanger and the Morality of Birth Control in the 1920s

Many religious leaders in the early 1900s were afraid of the immoral associations and repercussions of birth control. The Catholic Church and some Protestants never accepted contraception, or accepted it much later, but many mainline Protestants leaders did change their tune dramatically between the years of 1920 and 1931. This investigation seeks to understand how Margaret Sanger was able to use her rhetoric to move her reform from the leftist outskirts and decadent, sexual connotations into the mainstream of family-friendly, morally virtuous, and even conservative religious approval. Securing the approval of religious leaders subsequently provided the impetus for legal and medical acceptance by the late-1930s. Margaret Sanger used conferences, speeches, articles, her magazine (Birth Control Review), and several books to reinforce her message as she pragmatically shifted from the radical left closer to the center and conservatives. She knew the power of the churches to influence their members, and since the United States population had undeniably a Judeo-Christian base, this power could be harnessed in order to achieve success for the birth control movement, among the conservative medical and political communities and the public at large. Despite the clear consensus against birth control by all mainline Christian churches in 1920, including Roman Catholics and Protestants alike, the decade that followed would bring about a great divide that would continue to widen in successive decades. Sanger put forward many arguments in her works, but the ones which ultimately brought along the relatively conservative religious leaders were those that presented birth control not as a gender equity issue, but rather as a morally constructive reform that had the power to save and strengthen marriages; lessen prostitution and promiscuity; protect the health of women; reduce abortions, infanticide, and infant mortality; and improve the quality of life for children and families. Initially, many conservatives and religious leaders associated the birth control movement with radicals, feminists, prostitutes, and promiscuous youth, and feared contraception would lead to immorality and the deterioration of the family. Without the threat of pregnancy, conservatives feared that youth and even married adults would seize the opportunity to have sex outside of marriage. Others worried the decreasing size of families was a sign of growing selfishness and materialism. In response, Sanger promoted the movement as a way for conservatives to stop the rising divorce rates by strengthening and increasing marriages, and to improve the lives of families by humanely increasing the health and standard of living, for women and children especially. In short, she argued that birth control would not lead to deleterious consequences, but would actually improve family moral values and become an effective humanitarian reform. She recognized that both liberals and conservatives were united in hoping to strengthen the family, and so she emphasized those virtues and actively courted those same conservative religious leaders that had previously shunned birth control and the movement. Throughout the 1920s, she emphasized the ways in which birth control could strengthen marriages and improve the quality of life of women and children, and she effectively won over the relatively conservative religious leaders that she needed to bring about the movement’s public, medical, and political progress

Einfluss von Diäten aus konventioneller und biologischer Erzeugung auf Fruchtbarkeitsparameter bei Kaninchen

In order to test the effect of organic vs. conventional diets on fertility traits, we conducted an on-farm study with female rabbits. Eight groups of seven to eight female rabbits kept in systems with litter were fed ad libitum with either organic or conventional pellets. Offspring was weaned with approx. 28 days. In the first series analysed, the conception rate was higher in the conventional groups. Diet type had no significant influence on that trait. Nevertheless, a significant influence of diet on litter size was found: organically fed female rabbits produced more offspring per litter. The organic groups also showed higher rates of weaned animals, despite of a slightly higher mortality of offspring in these groups, but differences for both traits were not significant compared to conventional animals. Inconsistency of findings in the first series of this study concerning the effect of different diets on fertility traits were also found in literature. Data from the currently running second series will show whether the slightly positive effect of organic diet will become more evident

TatB Functions as an Oligomeric Binding Site for Folded Tat Precursor Proteins

The TatABC subunits of the twin-arginine translocation machinery allow transport of folded proteins by an unknown mechanism. Here we show that the entire surfaces of folded Tat substrates contact TatB via both of its predicted helices. Our data suggest that TatB forms an oligomeric binding site that transiently accommodates folded Tat precursors

Multimodality imaging of a primary cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma:

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The multifaceted role of emojis in online service interactions

Shuqair, S., Pinto, D. C., Herter, M. M., & Mattila, A. S. (2024). Emojis as heuristic cues: The multifaceted role of emojis in online service interactions. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 23(4), 1929-1941. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.2310 --- This work received partial support from national funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia), under the project—UIDB/04152/2020—Centro de Investigação em Gestão de Informação (MagIC)/NOVA IMSRecent technological advances have allowed businesses to adopt emojis when interacting with consumers. To gain in-depth theoretical and managerial insight into this trend, five pre-registered studies (1 field observation and four controlled experiments) indicate that emojis in digital communication work as heuristic cues that might have a differential effect depending on elaboration likelihood and outcome valence. Drawing on the Heuristic Information Processing and elaboration likelihood model, this research reveals that emojis can systematically influence consumers' elaboration. Findings indicate that low elaboration in positive encounters results in a positive heuristic cue boost (emojis improve customer evaluation). In turn, high elaboration on negative service outcomes makes the heuristic content relevant, such that positive (vs. negative) emojis will bring attention to and reinforce the interaction's positive (vs. negative) aspects. This research contributes to emerging studies on the role of emojis in digital communication.publishersversionpublishe