849 research outputs found
Exploiting textual source information for epidemiosurveillance
In recent years as a complement to the traditional surveillance reporting systems there is a great interest in developing methodologies for early detection of potential health threats from unstructured text present on the Internet. In this context, we examined the relevance of the combination of expert knowledge and automatic term extraction in the creation of appropriate Internet search queries for the acquisition of disease outbreak news. We propose a measure that is the number of relevant disease outbreak news detected in function of the terms automatically extracted from a set of example Google and PubMED corpora. Due to the recent emergence we have used the African swine fever as a disease example. (Résumé d'auteur
Multi-Objective Design Optimization of the Leg Mechanism for a Piping Inspection Robot
This paper addresses the dimensional synthesis of an adaptive mechanism of
contact points ie a leg mechanism of a piping inspection robot operating in an
irradiated area as a nuclear power plant. This studied mechanism is the leading
part of the robot sub-system responsible of the locomotion. Firstly, three
architectures are chosen from the literature and their properties are
described. Then, a method using a multi-objective optimization is proposed to
determine the best architecture and the optimal geometric parameters of a leg
taking into account environmental and design constraints. In this context, the
objective functions are the minimization of the mechanism size and the
maximization of the transmission force factor. Representations of the Pareto
front versus the objective functions and the design parameters are given.
Finally, the CAD model of several solutions located on the Pareto front are
presented and discussed.Comment: Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering
Technical Conferences \& Computers and Information in Engineering Conference,
Buffalo : United States (2014
Une analyse des écrits sur les impacts du jeu sur l’apprentissage
Cet article prĂ©sente une synthèse des publications rĂ©centes (1998-2005) qui traitent des impacts du jeu, en tant que formule pĂ©dagogique, sur l’apprentissage. Constatant une grande variĂ©tĂ© d’approches, une certaine disparitĂ© dans la manière de prĂ©senter et d’interprĂ©ter les rĂ©sultats, et souhaitant vĂ©rifier si les jeux Ă©ducatifs ont un impact rĂ©el sur l’apprentissage, les auteurs ont procĂ©dĂ© Ă une recension des Ă©crits sur le sujet Ă partir d’une grille d’analyse validĂ©e. Ces impacts sont dĂ©taillĂ©s après un rĂ©sumĂ© des attributs essentiels du jeu, attributs sur lesquels cette recherche a Ă©tĂ© fondĂ©e pour ĂŞtre menĂ©e Ă bien. L’analyse des Ă©crits montre que le jeu a des impacts positifs sur l’apprentissage.This article presents a synthesis of recent (1998-2005) publications on the impact of play, as a pedagogical technique, on learning. While confirming that there are a great number of approaches, a certain disparity in the way of presenting and interpreting results, and hoping to verify if educational games have a real impact on learning, the authors used a validated analysis grid to produce a review of the literature in this area. The authors present a summary of the essential attributes of games, these attributes being used to frame this research, as well as details regarding the impacts noted. The analysis shows that play has positive impacts on learning.Este artĂculo presenta una sĂntesis de las publicaciones recientes (1998-2005) que tratan de los impactos del juego, como formula pedagĂłgica, sobre el aprendizaje. Al observar una gran variedad de enfoques, una cierta disparidad en la manera de presentar y de interpretar los resultados, y con el deseo de comprobar si los juegos educativos tienen un real impacto sobre el aprendizaje, los autores procedieron a una recensiĂłn de los escritos sobre el tema a partir de una matriz de análisis validada. Estos impactos se detallan a continuaciĂłn de un resumen de los atributos esenciales del juego, atributos que fundamentaron esta investigaciĂłn para poder llevarla a cabo. El análisis de los escritos muestra que el juego tiene impactos positivos sobre el aprendizaje
Microstructure Formation in Freezing Nanosuspension Droplets
The structural evolution of suspensions upon freezing is studied with optical
microscopy in a suspended droplet configuration. Droplets have millimeter size
and consist in an aqueous mixture of silica particles while the surroundings
phase is hexane. Freeze-thaw cycles are applied to this system and a two-step
freezing mechanism evidenced. A fast adiabatic growth of dendrites that invade
the full droplets is first observed, and occurs within a few milliseconds. Then
a slow process lasts for several seconds and corresponds to the release of
solidification latent heat into the hexane phase. The striking feature of this
work is to evidence that after the first freeze-thaw cycle flocculated
microstructures are generated. When a second cycle is performed,
microstructures further flocculate and generate, for dense silica suspensions,
stable porous spheres of the size of the droplets. A phenomenological
description based on repulsion or engulfment of particles by solidifying ice
fronts is proposed
Mapping of Rice Areas in Egypt using SAR Imagery
Egypt is the second biggest rice producer in Africa after Nigeria and produces rice mostly during the summer season. Annual estimations of crop areas and yield are derived using information collected on the ground by extension services and released by the Ministry of Agriculture. However, sample sizes are usually small and can not be easily expanded due to costs and staff shortages. In addition, crop area and production estimates are released after harvest, which is too late to be used for interventions. Timely, accurate, and actionable information on rice areas and production is essential for improving food security policy decisions. This use case aims to develop a digital rice monitoring platform in Egypt based on near-real-time satellite data to support national policies, food security, and market management, as well as to facilitate farmers’ resilience through the development of insurance and microfinance products. This report presents the preliminary results of mapping rice areas across the Nile Delta during the 2022 summer season using IRRI’s RIICE platform in collaboration with Tanta University and European Space Agenc
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