Effect of pesticides on integrated mite management in Washington State

The effect of pesticides used against codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., on integrated mite management was studied for three years in five or six commercial apple orchards in central Washington. Phytophagous and predatory mites were counted throughout the season in blocks ranging from 0.4-1.6 ha in size treated with four codling moth insecticides. In one year of the study (2006), five out of six orchards experienced elevated mite densities relative to the standard. In four orchards, novaluron caused a 3.0-16.9× increase in mite populations; acetamiprid caused a 2.6-3.4× increase, and thiacloprid caused a 1.7-13.8× increase. In the fifth orchard, the organophosphate standard had an extremely high mite population, in addition to all three experimental treatments. In 2005 and 2007, only one or two orchards had elevated mite levels in the novaluron, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid treatments. Additive effects of codling moth and thinning programs were evaluated in small plot research trials. Treatments with all three elements [1) codling moth insecticide; 2) calcium polysulfide; 3) carbaryl] produced the highest levels ofspider mites. Three sulfur-containing products (calcium polysulfide, ammonium thiosulfate, and dry flowable sulfur) were evaluated for their effect onGalandromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) and apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa). All three materials caused suppressed G. occidentalis numbers. Calcium polysulfide caused the greatest reduction in apple rust mite numbers, ammonium thiosulfate the least reduction, with dry flowable sulfur intermediate between the two. Additive effects of codling moth materials, carbaryl, and sulfur-containing products may be causing increased mite levels in Washington orchards

Bacterial community and antibiotic resistance dynamics in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant with UV disinfection

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bacterial lineages putatively associated with the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in a full-scale urban wastewater treatment plant

Urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) are reservoirs of antibiotic resistance. Wastewater treatment changes the bacterial community and inevitably impacts the fate of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Some bacterial groups are major carriers of ARGs and hence, their elimination during wastewater treatment may contribute to increasing resistance removal efficiency. This study, conducted at a full-scale UWTP, evaluated variations in the bacterial community and ARGs loads and explored possible associations among them. With that aim, the bacterial community composition (16S rRNA gene Illumina sequencing) and ARGs abundance (real-time PCR) were characterized in samples of raw wastewater (RWW), secondary effluent (sTWW), after UV disinfection (tTWW), and after a period of 3 days storage to monitoring possible bacterial regrowth (tTWW-RE). Culturable enterobacteria were also enumerated. Secondary treatment was associated with the most dramatic bacterial community variations and coincided with reductions of ~2 log-units in the ARGs abundance. In contrast, no significant changes in the bacterial community composition and ARGs abundance were observed after UV disinfection of sTWW. Nevertheless, after UV treatment, viability losses were indicated ~2 log-units reductions of culturable enterobacteria. The analysed ARGs (qnrS, blaCTX-M, blaOXA-A, blaTEM, blaSHV, sul1, sul2, and intI1) were strongly correlated with taxa more abundant in RWW than in the other types of water, and which associated with humans and animals, such as members of the families Campylobacteraceae, Comamonadaceae, Aeromonadaceae, Moraxellaceae and Bacteroidaceae. Further knowledge of the dynamics of the bacterial community during wastewater treatment and its relationship with ARGs variations may contribute with information useful for wastewater treatment optimization, aiming at a more effective resistance control.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Desarrollo de la minería de procesos para la evaluación de vías rápidas de diagnóstico

As vías de diagnóstico rápido ( VRD) buscan reducir días entre unha sospeita de cancro e a confirmación do diagnóstico e inicio do tratamento. O obxectivo deste traballo é validar o uso da minería de procesos para a avaliación da efectividade dunha Vía Rápida de Diagnóstico ( VRD) de sospeita de diangóstico de cancro colorrectal ( CCR) xa existentes e deseñar unha nova VRD a partir da minería de procesos que facilite a toma de decisións clínicas na sospeita de CCR.Las vías de diagnóstico rápido (VRD) buscan reducir días entre una sospecha de cáncer y la confirmación del diagnóstico e inicio del tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es validar el uso de la minería de procesos para la evaluación de la efectividad de una Vía Rápida de Diagnóstico (VRD) de sospecha de diangóstico de cáncer colorrectal (CCR) ya existentes y diseñar una nueva VRD a partir de la minería de procesos que facilite la toma de decisiones clínicas en la sospecha de CCR.Comunicación presentada en: 21 Congreso Nacional de Hospitales y gestión Sanitaria. Innovación: camino de sostenibilidad. Santiago de Compostela el 8, 9 y 10 de mayo de 2019

Logística de distribución de productos perecederos: estudio de caso Fuente de Oro ( Meta) Viotá ( Cundinamarca)

En el siguiente trabajo se realizará una análisis sobre el caso Logística de distribución de productos perecederos: Fuente de Oro (Meta) y Viotá (Cundinamarca)”, teniendo en cuenta que se debe diseñar la red estructural, así como detallar los factores incidentes del entorno en cada uno de los nodos de la red propuesta, luego realizar un diagrama de flujo de proceso por responsabilidades, siguiendo con la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad del sistema logístico desde el componente de inventarios y almacenamiento, de transporte y distribución, el componente tecnológico, en la red diseñada. Después de lo anterior se hará una exploración acerca del sistema logístico de los mercados campesinos en Colombia y proponer una ruta para mejorar dicho sistema teniendo en cuenta algunos subprocesos.In the following work an analysis will be carried out on the Logistics case of distribution of perishable products: Source of Gold (Meta) and Viotá (Cundinamarca) ”, taking into account that the structural network must be designed, as well as detailing the incident factors of the environment in each of the nodes of the proposed network, then carry out a process flow diagram for responsibilities, following with the evaluation of the vulnerability of the logistics system from the inventory and storage component, transport and distribution, the technological component, in The designed network. After the above, an exploration will be made about the logistics system of the peasant markets in Colombia and propose a route to improve said system taking into account some threads

Resultados de vías rápidas de diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal en España

Las vías clínicas se aplican con objeto de reducir la variabilidad y mejorar la eficiencia en el proceso asistencial. España ha introducido en sus centros vías rápidas orientadas al diagnóstico (VRD) del cáncer colorrectal (CCR) como estrategia preventiva y de mejora asistencial. En el presente trabajo se pretende valorar la eficiencia de las VRD en España, para lo que se relizó una revisión sistemática, en la que se encontraron 11 trabajos, con resultados dispares. En varios de los trabajos se encontró un bajo porcentaje de cánceres diagnosticados por esta vía de derivación, bajo cumplimiento de criterios de derivación y baja tasa de detección de CCR. Como conclusión la evidencia disponible demuestra que las VDR para CCR mejoran el proceso diagnóstico, pero no han demostrado su eficiencia en la mejora de la supervivencia, entre otras cosas por la falta de homogeneidad y monitorización.Comunicación - póster presentada en el 41º Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva, celebrado en Alicante del 14 al 16 de noviembre de 2019

Teleost fish larvae adapt to dietary arachidonic acid supply through modulation of the expression of lipid metabolism and stress response genes

Dietary fatty acid supply can affect stress response in fish during early development. Although knowledge on the mechanisms involved in fatty acid regulation of stress tolerance is scarce, it has often been hypothesised that eicosanoid profiles can influence cortisol production. Genomic cortisol actions are mediated by cytosolic receptors which may respond to cellular fatty acid signalling. An experiment was designed to test the effects of feeding gilthead sea-bream larvae with four microdiets, containing graded arachidonic acid (ARA) levels (0·4, 0·8, 1·5 and 3·0 %), on the expression of genes involved in stress response (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, glucocorticoid receptor and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase), lipid and, particularly, eicosanoid metabolism (hormone-sensitive lipase, PPARα, phospholipase A2, cyclo-oxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase), as determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Fish fatty acid phenotypes reflected dietary fatty acid profiles. Growth performance, survival after acute stress and similar whole-body basal cortisol levels suggested that sea-bream larvae could tolerate a wide range of dietary ARA levels. Transcription of all genes analysed was significantly reduced at dietary ARA levels above 0·4 %. Nonetheless, despite practical suppression of phospholipase A2 transcription, higher leukotriene B4 levels were detected in larvae fed 3·0 % ARA, whereas a similar trend was observed regarding PGE2 production. The present study demonstrates that adaptation to a wide range of dietary ARA levels in gilthead sea-bream larvae involves the modulation of the expression of genes related to eicosanoid synthesis, lipid metabolism and stress response. The roles of ARA, other polyunsaturates and eicosanoids as signals in this process are discussed

Propuesta de mejora del Sistema Interno de Garantía de Calidad de la Facultad de Medicina

La garantía de calidad en el ámbito universitario puede considerarse como la atención sistemática, estructurada y continua a las titulaciones ofertadas. La garantía de calidad se compromete a poner en marcha los medios que aseguren y demuestren la calidad de los programas formativos que se desarrollan en cada una de las titulaciones ofrecidas por la Universidad y así cumplir con la obligación que tiene con la sociedad. El presente proyecto nace como fruto de la responsabilidad adquirida para el cumplimiento de las funciones encomendadas y, con el objetivo de seguir adoptando una estrategia de mejora continua de la calidad de la docencia y satisfacción de los colectivos implicados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje (Profesorado, Estudiantes y PAS)

Maternal hyperleptinemia is associated with male offspring’s altered vascular function and structure in mice

Children of mothers with gestational diabetes have greater risk of developing hypertension but little is known about the mechanisms by which this occurs. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that high maternal concentrations of leptin during pregnancy, which are present in mothers with gestational diabetes and/or obesity, alter blood pressure, vascular structure and vascular function in offspring. Wildtype (WT) offspring of hyperleptinemic, normoglycemic, Lepr db/+ dams were compared to genotype matched offspring of WT-control dams. Vascular function was assessed in male offspring at 6, and at 31 weeks of age after half the offspring had been fed a high fat, high sucrose diet (HFD) for 6 weeks. Blood pressure was increased by HFD but not affected by maternal hyperleptinemia. On a standard diet, offspring of hyperleptinemic dams had outwardly remodeled mesenteric arteries and an enhanced vasodilatory response to insulin. In offspring of WT but not Leprdb/+ dams, HFD induced vessel hypertrophy and enhanced vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine, while HFD reduced insulin responsiveness in offspring of hyperleptinemic dams. Offspring of hyperleptinemic dams had stiffer arteries regardless of diet. Therefore, while maternal hyperleptinemia was largely beneficial to offspring vascular health under astandard diet, it had detrimental effects in offspring fed HFD. These results suggest that circulating maternal leptin concentrations may interact with other factors in the pre- and post-natal environments to contribute to altered vascular function in offspring of diabetic pregnancie