'Justice for Janitors' goes Dutch: The Limits and Possibilities of Unions' Adoption of Organising in a Context of Regulated Social Partnership

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Observational constraints to boxy/peanut bulge formation time

Boxy/peanut bulges are considered to be part of the same stellar structure as bars and both could be linked through the buckling instability. The Milky Way is our closest example. The goal of this letter is determining if the mass assembly of the different components leaves an imprint in their stellar populations allowing to estimate the time of bar formation and its evolution. To this aim we use integral field spectroscopy to derive the stellar age distributions, SADs, along the bar and disc of NGC 6032. The analysis shows clearly different SADs for the different bar areas. There is an underlying old (>=12 Gyr) stellar population for the whole galaxy. The bulge shows star formation happening at all times. The inner bar structure shows stars of ages older than 6 Gyrs with a deficit of younger populations. The outer bar region presents a SAD similar to that of the disc. To interpret our results, we use a generic numerical simulation of a barred galaxy. Thus, we constrain, for the first time, the epoch of bar formation, the buckling instability period and the posterior growth from disc material. We establish that the bar of NGC 6032 is old, formed around 10 Gyr ago while the buckling phase possibly happened around 8 Gyr ago. All these results point towards bars being long-lasting even in the presence of gas.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter

Endoscopic outcomes in patients with AERD treated with topical antibiotics and intranasal corticosteroids

Background: Identifying effective therapy for recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a major challenge; and subtypes such as aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) are even more difficult to treat. Evidence on topical antibiotics use in (CRSwNP) is lacking. Current consensus guidelines recommend against its routine use, but recent reviews show some benefit when managing recalcitrant disease after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Objective: Evaluate the effect of culture-directed topical antibiotics on sinonasal outcomes in AERD patients with a positive perioperative sinonasal bacterial culture who have undergone ESS. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of AERD patients with positive sinonasal culture, who underwent ESS from 2016 to 2021 was performed. Forty-four patients were identified and stratified based on their postoperative medical treatment. Twenty-six underwent postoperative intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) alone, while eighteen underwent INCS plus a 4-weeks treatment with topical antibiotics. SNOT-22 and Lund-Kennedy score (LKS) were assessed preoperatively and at 4-weeks and 4-6 months after ESS. Results: A statistically significant improvement in the 4-weeks and 4-6 months postoperative SNOT-22 and LKS were noted within both groups (p(p=0.01). Our linear regression model demonstrated a relationship between the use of combined therapy with INCS and topical antibiotics and the LKS 4-weeks post ESS (p=0.015). Conclusion: In AERD patients with a confirmed sinus infection, the combination of culture-directed topical antibiotics and intranasal corticosteroid irrigations in the postoperative period can provide a short-term improvement in endoscopic scores

Intracellular bacillary burden reflects a burst size for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo

We previously reported that Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggers macrophage necrosis in vitro at a threshold intracellular load of ~25 bacilli. This suggests a model for tuberculosis where bacilli invading lung macrophages at low multiplicity of infection proliferate to burst size and spread to naïve phagocytes for repeated cycles of replication and cytolysis. The current study evaluated that model in vivo, an environment significantly more complex than in vitro culture. In the lungs of mice infected with M. tuberculosis by aerosol we observed three distinct mononuclear leukocyte populations (CD11b(-) CD11c(+/hi), CD11b(+/lo) CD11c(lo/-), CD11b(+/hi) CD11c(+/hi)) and neutrophils hosting bacilli. Four weeks after aerosol challenge, CD11b(+/hi) CD11c(+/hi) mononuclear cells and neutrophils were the predominant hosts for M. tuberculosis while CD11b(+/lo) CD11c(lo/-) cells assumed that role by ten weeks. Alveolar macrophages (CD11b(-) CD11c(+/hi)) were a minority infected cell type at both time points. The burst size model predicts that individual lung phagocytes would harbor a range of bacillary loads with most containing few bacilli, a smaller proportion containing many bacilli, and few or none exceeding a burst size load. Bacterial load per cell was enumerated in lung monocytic cells and neutrophils at time points after aerosol challenge of wild type and interferon-γ null mice. The resulting data fulfilled those predictions, suggesting a median in vivo burst size in the range of 20 to 40 bacilli for monocytic cells. Most heavily burdened monocytic cells were nonviable, with morphological features similar to those observed after high multiplicity challenge in vitro: nuclear condensation without fragmentation and disintegration of cell membranes without apoptotic vesicle formation. Neutrophils had a narrow range and lower peak bacillary burden than monocytic cells and some exhibited cell death with release of extracellular neutrophil traps. Our studies suggest that burst size cytolysis is a major cause of infection-induced mononuclear cell death in tuberculosis

Gene expression changes in mononuclear cells from patients with metabolic syndrome after acute intake of phenol-rich virgin olive oil

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that acute intake of high-phenol virgin olive oil reduces pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant and pro-thrombotic markers compared with low phenols virgin olive oil, but it still remains unclear whether effects attributed to its phenolic fraction are exerted at transcriptional level in vivo. To achieve this goal, we aimed at identifying expression changes in genes which could be mediated by virgin olive oil phenol compounds in the human. Results Postprandial gene expression microarray analysis was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells during postprandial period. Two virgin olive oil-based breakfasts with high (398 ppm) and low (70 ppm) content of phenolic compounds were administered to 20 patients suffering from metabolic syndrome following a double-blinded, randomized, crossover design. To eliminate the potential effect that might exist in their usual dietary habits, all subjects followed a similar low-fat, carbohydrate rich diet during the study period. Microarray analysis identified 98 differentially expressed genes (79 underexpressed and 19 overexpressed) when comparing the intake of phenol-rich olive oil with low-phenol olive oil. Many of these genes seem linked to obesity, dyslipemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among these, several genes seem involved in inflammatory processes mediated by transcription factor NF-κB, activator protein-1 transcription factor complex AP-1, cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinases MAPKs or arachidonic acid pathways. Conclusion This study shows that intake of virgin olive oil based breakfast, which is rich in phenol compounds is able to repress in vivo expression of several pro-inflammatory genes, thereby switching activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a less deleterious inflammatory profile. These results provide at least a partial molecular basis for reduced risk of cardiovascular disease observed in Mediterranean countries, where virgin olive oil represents a main source of dietary fat. Admittedly, other lifestyle factors are also likely to contribute to lowered risk of cardiovascular disease in this region.Published versio

Tratamiento en primera línea de mieloma múltiple no candidato a trasplante: experiencia y evolución en 5 años de un hospital terciario

PO-011 Introducción: El avance en tratamiento del mieloma múltiple en las últimas décadas ha supuesto mejoría en las tasas de supervivencia y en las posibilidades de manejo en pacientes de edad avanzada o con comorbilidad. Estudios realizados han demostrado la eficacia de nuevos esquemas de tratamiento con lenalidomida o bortezomib asociados o no al tratamiento clásico con melfalán. Objetivos: Describir los esquemas de tratamiento utilizados en pacientes con reciente diagnóstico de mieloma sintomático en primera línea en la práctica clínica habitual en pacientes no candidatos a trasplante. Observar la tendencia en los últimos cinco años y asociarla con las guías de práctica clínica. Analizar la supervivencia libre de progresión en primera línea. Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo realizado en el H. U. Miguel Servet de Zaragoza desde abril 2014 hasta abril 2019. Se incluyeron pacientes con nuevo diagnóstico de mieloma múltiple sintomático no candidatos a trasplante en primera línea (según criterios de IMWG). Los criterios de exclusión fueron: haber recibido tratamiento previo y no disponibilidad de datos determinantes para el estudio. ..

Delayed marrow infusion in mice enhances hematopoietic and osteopoietic engraftment by facilitating transient expansion of the osteoblastic niche

Transplantation of bone marrow cells leads to engraftment of osteopoietic and hematopoietic progenitors. We sought to determine whether the recently described transient expansion of the host osteoblastic niche after marrow radioablation promotes engraftment of both osteopoietic and hematopoietic progenitor cells. Mice infused with marrow cells 24 hours after total body irradiation (TBI) demonstrated significantly greater osteopoietic and hematopoietic progenitor chimerism than did mice infused at 30 minutes or 6 hours. Irradiated mice with a lead shield over 1 hind limb showed greater hematopoietic chimerism in the irradiated limb than in the shielded limb at both the 6- and 24-hour intervals. By contrast, the osteopoietic chimerism was essentially equal in the 2 limbs at each of these intervals, although it significantly increased when cells were infused 24 hours compared with 6 hours after TBI. Similarly, the number of donor phenotypic long-term hematopoietic stem cells was equivalent in the irradiated and shielded limbs after each irradiation-to-infusion interval but was significantly increased at the 24-hour interval. Our findings indicate that a 24-hour delay in marrow cell infusion after TBI facilitates expansion of the endosteal osteoblastic niche, leading to enhanced osteopoietic and hematopoietic engraftment.Transplantation of bone marrow cells leads to engraftment of osteopoietic and hematopoietic progenitors. We sought to determine whether the recently described transient expansion of the host osteoblastic niche after marrow radioablation promotes engraftment of both osteopoietic and hematopoietic progenitor cells. Mice infused with marrow cells 24hours after total body irradiation (TBI) demonstrated significantly greater osteopoietic and hematopoietic progenitor chimerism than did mice infused at 30minutes or 6hours. Irradiated mice with a lead shield over 1 hind limb showed greater hematopoietic chimerism in the irradiated limb than in the shielded limb at both the 6- and 24-hour intervals. By contrast, the osteopoietic chimerism was essentially equal in the 2 limbs at each of these intervals, although it significantly increased when cells were infused 24hours compared with 6hours after TBI. Similarly, the number of donor phenotypic long-term hematopoietic stem cells was equivalent in the irradiated and shielded limbs after each irradiation-to-infusion interval but was significantly increased at the 24-hour interval. Our findings indicate that a 24-hour delay in marrow cell infusion after TBI facilitates expansion of the endosteal osteoblastic niche, leading to enhanced osteopoietic and hematopoietic engraftment. © 2013

Perfil clínico y analítico de pacientes con trombocitemia esencial y JAK2 mutado. experiencia en nuestro centro

Abstract [PB-094] Introducción: La trombocitemia esencial (TE) es una neoplasia mieloproliferativa crónica caracterizada por un aumento persistente de la cifra de plaquetas a expensas de una hiperplasia megacariocítica. Estos pacientes pueden presentar distintas mutaciones (JAK2, CALR, MPL) que se han relacionado con un curso clínico distinto de la enfermedad. El 50- 60 % de los pacientes con TE presentan la mutación V617F del gen JAK2 y se ha observado que presentan algunas características clínicas y hematimétricas similares a los pacientes con Policitemia Vera, en los que esta mutación está presente en un 95%. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y prospectivo unicéntrico, en el que se han analizado características clínicas y datos de laboratorio de los pacientes diagnosticados de Trombocitemia Esencial JAK2 mutado en nuestro hospital, así como las diferencias en la presentación de la enfermedad de aquellos pacientes JAK2 no mutado (incluyendo pacientes con la mutación CALR o MPL y los pacientes triple negativos). Resultados: Se han analizado 95 pacientes. De estos 35 (36, 84%) eran hombres y 60 (63, 16%) mujeres diagnosticados entre 2000 y 2017. Se analizaron las siguientes variables. Conclusiones: Es importante la caracterización molecular de estos pacientes puesto que se relaciona con la presentación clínica de la enfermedad. Como se ha descrito en la literatura, en nuestra experiencia la mutación más frecuentemente encontrada es JAK2 (V617F). En nuestra serie de casos se ha observado que la mediana de edad en estos pacientes es mayor que en el resto de grupos (excepto en el grupo con MPL, probablemente por el escaso número de pacientes). Además, se observa analíticamente un mayor nivel de hemoglobina, hematocrito y leucocitos, y una cifra menor de ferritina y de plaquetas. También encontramos la eritropoyetina descendida en 20 % de estos pacientes, sin observarse ningún caso en el resto de grupos. Desde el punto de vista clínico se observa con mayor frecuencia la aparición de fenómenos trombóticos, así como presentación de prurito

Measurement of the Bs0→J/ψηB_{s}^{0} \rightarrow J/\psi \eta lifetime

Using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3 fb^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment in $pp$ collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, the effective lifetime in the $B^0_s \rightarrow J/\psi \eta$ decay mode, $\tau_{\textrm{eff}}$, is measured to be $\tau_{\textrm{eff}} = 1.479 \pm 0.034~\textrm{(stat)} \pm 0.011 ~\textrm{(syst)}$ ps. Assuming $CP$ conservation, $\tau_{\textrm{eff}}$ corresponds to the lifetime of the light $B_s^0$ mass eigenstate. This is the first measurement of the effective lifetime in this decay mode.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2016-017.htm