Динамическая модель трансмиссий машин с учетом распределенной массы валов

Виконано дослідження крутних коливань у лінії приводу прокатного стана, як системи з розподіленими параметрами. Визначено залежності кутів повертань поперечних перерізів валу і крутного моменту у часi захвату металу валками та уздовж шпинделя, що характеризує вимушені та власні коливання головної лінії.It has been carried out a research of torsional oscillations of the rolling mill drive train as a system with the distributed parameters. It was determined a function of the cross sections deformation angles and torsional torques in time and along the spindle length, which characterizes the forced and natural oscillations of the drive train

Resafa, Syrien

The scholarly analysis of the results of the fieldwork undertaken within the Resafa-project until the war in Syria is carried on at the University of Bamberg (M. Konrad) and at the University of Technology Berlin (D. Sack, M. Gussone) and their cooperating partners. The main focus of the latest work is the preparation of the excavation and survey results for their final publication in the Resafa series edited by the DAI or as articles. Furthermore the teams developed a research concept for an overarching interpretation of the site in regard to its regional and trans-regional context

Two-stage 2D-to-3D reconstruction of realistic microstructures: Implementation and numerical validation by effective properties

Realistic microscale domains are an essential step towards making modern multiscale simulations more applicable to computational materials engineering. For this purpose, 3D computed tomography scans can be very expensive or technically impossible for certain materials, whereas 2D information can be easier obtained. Based on a single or three orthogonal 2D slices, the recently proposed differentiable microstructure characterization and reconstruction (DMCR) algorithm is able to reconstruct multiple plausible 3D realizations of the microstructure based on statistical descriptors, i.e., without the need for a training data set. Building upon DMCR, this work introduces a highly accurate two-stage reconstruction algorithm that refines the DMCR results under consideration of microstructure descriptors. Furthermore, the 2D-to-3D reconstruction is validated using a real computed tomography (CT) scan of a recently developed beta-Ti/TiFe alloy as well as anisotropic "bone-like" spinodoid structures. After a detailed discussion of systematic errors in the descriptor space, the reconstructed microstructures are compared to the reference in terms of the numerically obtained effective elastic and plastic properties. Together with the free accessibility of the presented algorithms in MCRpy, the excellent results in this study motivate interdisciplinary cooperation in applying numerical multiscale simulations for computational materials engineering

Understanding complexity: the case-study of al-Ḥīra, Iraq

The large-scale magnetometer prospection conducted in 2021 south of the al-Najaf International Airport, Iraq, reveals the complex settlement structure of the late Antique and early Islamic site of al-Ḥīra. The manual archaeo-geophysical interpretation resulted in 16 classes and the three most relevant archaeological classes will serve as a baseline for a (semi-) automated classification workflow

Strontium isotope fractionation of planktic foraminifera and inorganic calcite

We have investigated the strontium isotope fractionation (Δ88/86Srcarb–aq) between inorganic calcite and aqueous Sr2+ ions by precipitation experiments at a constant temperature of 25 °C and precipitation rates (R) ranging from 102.3 to 104.2 μmol/m2/h. Strontium isotope ratios were measured using the 87Sr–84Sr double spike technique. It was found that strontium isotope fractionation in these calcites is strongly dependent on the precipitation rate: View the MathML source The measured δ88/86Sr values are significantly correlated with previously measured δ44/40Ca and Sr/Ca values of the same calcite samples: Δ88/86Srcarb–aq=+0.18∗Δ44/40Cacarb–aq-0.01 View the MathML source The slope of 88Sr/86Sr versus 44Ca/40Ca fractionation is 0.18 ± 0.04 and compatible with a kinetic fractionation during dehydration of the strontium and calcium ions, but not with isotope fractionation in a diffusive boundary layer. Using published equilibrium Δ44/40Cacarb–aq and View the MathML source values we estimate the equilibrium isotope fractionation of strontium to be very close to zero (Δ88/86Sreq(carb–aq) = −0.01 ± 0.06‰). This estimate is confirmed by strontium isotope values of natural inorganic calcites that precipitated very slowly in basalts of the ocean crust. The results from the inorganic calcites are used to explain strontium isotope fractionation of planktic foraminifera. Specimens of two warm water species (Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerinoides sacculifer) were picked from the Holocene section of a Caribbean sediment core. We found no significant difference in δ88/86Sr between the two species. In addition, G. ruber specimens from Marine Isotope Stage 2 in the same core show δ88/86Sr values identical to the Holocene specimens. The strontium isotopes of both foraminifera species are strongly fractionated (Δ88/86Srcarb–aq = −0.248 ± 0.005‰) when compared to published data of other major marine calcifiers. Applying the results from the inorganic precipitation experiments we find that the strong foraminiferal strontium isotope fractionation can be explained by calcification in a largely open system at high precipitation rates, comparable in magnitude to rates known from scleractinian reef corals. This interpretation is in good agreement with the kinetic calcification model for planktic foraminifera by Kisakürek et al. (2011), which was based on calcium isotopes and elemental Sr/Ca ratios

al-Hira, Irak. Feldforschungen. Prospektionen und ­Ausgrabungen. Die Arbeiten im Jahr 2022

The late antique capital of the Lakhmid kingdom of al-Hira, located in Mesopotamia, today in southern Iraq, was continuously settled from the Late-­Antique to the Early Islamic period. Whereas its history is known through literary sources, its material existence is only little studied. The goal of the current cooperation project is to gain more information about the city based on archaeological evidence. This report presents the preliminary results of the fieldwork during the year 2022. Magnetometer prospection and a study of the surface features at selected find sites have revealed different types of building complexes. Susceptibility measurements were undertaken being part of a subproject to generate a reproducible work-flow for the automated analysis of magnetometer-data. Excavations carried out at two selected areas revealed a further church and the gate of a large compound respectively. They provide also stratigraphic sequences and three building phases. Quantitative evaluation of pottery indicates differences between the two excavated areas. Studying and analysis of the results of the interdisciplinary research are still in process and aim to provide an interregional contextualization

Research in Monumental Constructions in Antiquity

Ancient civilizations have passed down to us a vast range of monumental structures. Monumentality is a complex phenomenon that we address here as ‘XXL’. It encompasses a large range of different aspects, such as sophisticated technical and logistical skills and the vast economic resources required. This contribution takes a closer look at the special interdependence of space and knowledge represented by such XXL projects. We develop a set of objective criteria for determining whether an object qualifies as ‘XXL’, in order to permit a broadly framed study comparing manifestations of the XXL phenomenon in different cultures and describing the functional and conceptional role of the phenomenon in antiquity. Finally, we illustrate how these criteria are being applied in the study of large construction projects in ancient civilizations through six case studies

Zur Methodik der Interpretation 'multidisziplinärer Prospektionsergebnisse' in Resafa, Syrien

Die Ruinen der spätantiken Pilgerstadt Resafa-Sergiupolis und ihr Umland (Nordost-Syrien) sind seit den 1950er Jahren Gegenstand archäologischer Untersuchungen, die ein ca. 9 km² großes Gebiet umfassen. Im Rahmen eines interdisziplinären Projektes des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts (DAI) und der TU Berlin (1997–2001, 2006–2011) kamen verschiedene zerstörungsfreie Prospektionsmethoden, wie Geophysik, die Dokumentation von Oberflächenbefunden, Luftbildauswertung und Geländevermessungen für hochauflösende Digitale Geländemodelle (DGMs) zum Einsatz. Zudem wurden archäologische Sondageschnitte angelegt. Durch die Überlagerung der Einzelergebnisse dieser Maßnahmen in einem CAD-System konnten unklare Bereiche durch den Verfasser abgeglichen und ergänzt sowie eine Reihe von bislang unbekannten Fundplätzen und Siedlungsstrukturen erfasst werden. Für bestimmte Bereiche ließ sich sogar die relative Siedlungsabfolge ermitteln.Since the 1950s, the late antique pilgrimage site Resafa-Sergiupolis and its surroundings, encompassing an area of approximately 9 km², are subject of archaeological research. As part of an interdisciplinary project of the German archaeological institute (DAI) and the TU Berlin (1997–2001, 2006–2011) various non-destructive prospection techniques were applied. These included geophysical prospections, the recording of surface features, the analysis of aerial photographs and the generation of high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) based on land surveying. Additionally, archaeological soundings were also excavated. The superposition of the results of these different survey methods into a CADsystem allowed a reassessment of areas with previously blurred or ambiguous results. Also, the application of these methods enabled the project to record previously unknown sites and settlement structures. For certain areas, the relative settlement sequence could also be determined