Incidencia metodológica aplicada por el docente educación musical en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los estudiantes de octavo grado, turno matutino del Instituto Nacionla Eliseo Picado del Municipio de Matagalpa durante en II Semestre, año escolar 2013

La Incidencia Metodológica aplicada por el docente de Educación Musical en el Proceso de Enseñanza Aprendizaje de los estudiantes de octavo grado, turno matutino del Instituto Nacional Eliseo Picado del municipio de Matagalpa durante el II semestre, año escolar 2013; seleccionada como tema presentado en el Seminario de Graduación para optar al título de Licenciado en Pedagogía con mención en Educación Musical de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Managua (UNAN-Managua).Considerando que este tema será de gran utilidad para investigadores y estudiantes de educación musical, por lo actual de la temática. Considerando interesante realizar un análisis exhaustivo de la incidencia metodológica que ejerce el docente de música para que los estudiantes de octavo grado adquieran los conocimientos musicales necesarios para cumplir los objetivos propuestos en el programa de la disciplina, destacando la importancia de identificar los procedimientos didácticos utilizados por el docente de educación musical en el desarrollo de su clase, también describir la manifestación de las habilidades y destrezas musicales del docente en el aula de clase al desarrollar los diferentes temas programados, constatándose que le hace falta fortalecer estas y manifestar su espíritu innovador y creativo para alcanzar con éxito los objetivos planteados y valorar las habilidades y destrezas alcanzados por los estudiantes de octavo grado en la asignatura de música para la interpretación de diferentes instrumentos musicales, reconociendo que aún hace falta consolidar estas habilidades que no fueron desarrollados de forma adecuada y completa. El tipo de investigación que se realizó de los tipos cualitativo y cuantitativo, que se llevó a cabo con estudiantes de octavo grado turno matutino y docente de música del Instituto Nacional Eliseo Picado (INEP), ubicado en el municipio de Matagalpa, del Departamento de Matagalpa

Chloroplast damage induced by the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis triggers autophagy in chlamydomonas

Fatty acids are synthesized in the stroma of plant and algal chloroplasts by the fatty acid synthase complex. Newly synthesized fatty acids are then used to generate plastidial lipids that are essential for chloroplast structure and function. Here, we show that inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii activates autophagy, a highly conserved catabolic process by which cells degrade intracellular material under adverse conditions to maintain cell homeostasis. Treatment of Chlamydomonas cells with cerulenin, a specific fatty acid synthase inhibitor, stimulated lipidation of the autophagosome protein ATG8 and enhanced autophagic flux. We found that inhibition of fatty acid synthesis decreased monogalactosyldiacylglycerol abundance, increased lutein content, down-regulated photosynthesis, and increased the production of reactive oxygen species. Electron microscopy revealed a high degree of thylakoid membrane stacking in cerulenin-treated cells. Moreover, global transcriptomic analysis of these cells showed an up-regulation of genes encoding chloroplast proteins involved in protein folding and oxidative stress and the induction of major catabolic processes, including autophagy and proteasome pathways. Thus, our results uncovered a link between lipid metabolism, chloroplast integrity, and autophagy through a mechanism that involves the activation of a chloroplast quality control system.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad BFU2015-68216-PJunta de Andalucía CVI-7336, BIO2015-74432-JI

Traumatismo craneoencefálico y hemofiltración venosa continua: Modelo experimental en conejos

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Cirugía. Fecha de lectura: 09-09-201

Biaxial nematic phase stability and demixing behaviour in monolayers of rod-plate mixtures

We theoretically study the phase behaviour of monolayers of hard rod-plate mixtures using a fundamental-measure density functional in the restricted-orientation (Zwanzig) approximation. Particles can rotate in 3D but their centres of mass are constrained to be on a flat surface. In addition, we consider both species to be subject to an attractive potential proportional to the particle contact area on the surface and with adsorption strengths that depend on the species type. Particles have board-like shape, with sizes chosen using a symmetry criterion: same volume and same aspect ratio k. Phase diagrams were calculated for k = 10, 20 and 40 and different values of adsorption strengths. For small adsorption strengths the mixtures exhibit a second-order uniaxial nematic-biaxial nematic transition for molar fraction of rods 0 <= x less than or similar to 0.9. In the uniaxial nematic phase the particle axes of rods and plates are aligned perpendicular and parallel to the monolayer, respectively. At the transition, the orientational symmetry of the plate axes is broken, and they orient parallel to a director lying on the surface. For large and equal adsorption strengths the mixture demixes at low pressures into a uniaxial nematic phase, rich in plates, and a biaxial nematic phase, rich in rods. The demixing transition is located between two tricritical points. Also, at higher pressures and in the plate-rich part of the phase diagram, the system exhibits a strong first-order uniaxial nematic-biaxial nematic phase transition with a large density coexistence gap. When rod adsorption is considerably large while that of plates is small, the transition to the biaxial nematic phase is always of second order, and its region of stability in the phase diagram considerably widens.We acknowledge financial support from Grants FIS2013-47350-C5-1-R and FIS2015-66523-P from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain.Publicad

Mitogenome Phylogenetics in the Genus Palaemon (Crustacea: Decapoda) Sheds Light on Species Crypticism in the Rockpool Shrimp P. Elegans

[Abstract] The genus Palaemon comprises worldwide marine and freshwater shrimps and prawns, and some of them are ecologically or commercially important species. Palaemon is not currently a monophyletic group, so phylogenetics and systematics are constantly changing. Species crypticism has been pointed out in several Palaemon species, being the clearest evidence in the European rockpool shrimp P. elegans. Here we sequenced and described seven European Palaemon mitochondrial genomes. The mitochondrial protein-coding genes were used, along with those of three other Palaemon species, to perform mitogenome phylogenetic analyses to clarify the evolutionary relationships within the genus, and particularly to shed light on the cryptic species found within P. elegans. The Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.3-5.9 Ma, late Miocene) was proposed to be the origin of this cryptic species and it was used as aged constraint for calibration analysis. We provide the largest and the first time-calibrated mitogenome phylogeny of the genus Palaemon and mitogenome substitution rate was estimated (1.59% per million years) in Decapoda for the first time. Our results highlighted the need for future systematics changes in Palaemon and crypticism in P. elegans was confirmed. Mitochondrial genome and cox1 (1.41%) substitution rate estimates matched those published elsewhere, arguing that the Messinian Salinity Crisis was a plausible event driving the split between P. elegans and its cryptic species. Molecular dating suggested that Pleistocene glaciations were likely involved in the differentiation between the Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of P. elegans. On the contrary, the divergence between the Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of the common littoral shrimp P. serratus was greater and dated to be much older (4.5-12.3 Ma, Plio-Miocene), so we considered that they could represent two separated species. Therefore, species crypticism in the genus Palaemon seems to be a common phenomenon.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CTM2014-53838-RXunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018/57This work was funded by a CTM2014-53838-R grant from the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) and by a ED431C 2018/S7 grant from Xunta de Galici

La regla de L¿Hôpital y una controversia a su alrededor

Este artículo gira en torno a la controversia surgida por un resultado sobre cálculo diferencial, publicado en el libro Analyse des infiniment petits pour l'intelligence des lignes courbes por el Marqués de L'Hôpital. El resultado permite encontrar el límite de una función racional cuyo numerador y denominador tienden a cero. La investigación proporciona algunos datos que pueden servir para conocer quién es el autor real de dicho resultado, conocido ahora como Regla de L'Hôpital, pues Johann Bernoulli demandaba el crédito del que decía era su trabajo y por el cual L'Hôpital había pagado ciertos honorarios. Incluimos también la interpretación geométrica que sugiere la veracidad de la regla y otras variantes que se desprenden de ella.Este artículo gira en torno a la controversia surgida por un resultado sobre cálculo diferencial, publicado en el libro Analyse des infiniment petits pour l’intelligence des lignes courbes por el Marqués de L’Hôpital. El resultado permite encontrar el límite de una función racional cuyo numerador y denominador tienden a cero. La investigación proporciona algunos datos que pueden servir para conocer quién es el autor real de dicho resultado, conocido ahora como Regla de L’Hôpital, pues Johann Bernoulli demandaba el crédito del que decía era su trabajo y por el cual L’Hôpital había pagado ciertos honorarios. Incluimos también la interpretación geométrica que sugiere la veracidad de la regla y otras variantes que se desprenden de ella

Groundwater Nitrate Removal Performance of Selected Pseudomonas Strains Carrying nosZ Gene in Aerobic Granular Sequential Batch Reactors

Four granular sequencing batch reactors (GSBRs) were inoculated with four denitrifying Pseudomonas strains carrying nosZ to study the process of granule formation, the operational conditions of the bioreactors, and the carbon concentration needed for nitrate removal. The selected Pseudomonas strains were P. stutzeri I1, P. fluorescens 376, P. denitrificans Z1, and P. fluorescens PSC26, previously reported as denitrifying microorganisms carrying the nosZ gene. Pseudomonas denitrificans Z1 produced fluffy, low-density granules, with a decantation speed below 10 m h−1 . However, P. fluorescens PSC26, P. stutzeri I1, and P. fluorescens 376 formed stable granules, with mean size from 7 to 15 mm, related to the strain and carbon concentration. P. stutzeri I1 and P. fluorescens 376 removed nitrate efficiently with a ratio in the range of 96%, depending on the source and concentration of organic matter. Therefore, the findings suggest that the inoculation of GSBR systems with denitrifying strains of Pseudomonas spp. containing the nosZ gene enables the formation of stable granules, the efficient removal of nitrate, and the transformation of nitrate into nitrogen gas, a result of considerable environmental interest to avoid the generation of nitrous oxide.LIFE16 ENV/ES/000196 projec

Multiresolution internal template cleaning: an application to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 7-yr polarization data

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation data obtained by different experiments contain, besides the desired signal, a superposition of microwave sky contributions. Using a wavelet decomposition on the sphere, we present a fast and robust method to recover the CMB signal from microwave maps. We present an application to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) polarization data, which shows its good performance, particularly in very polluted regions of the sky. The applied wavelet has the advantages that it requires little computational time in its calculations, it is adapted to the HEALPIX pixelization scheme and it offers the possibility of multiresolution analysis. The decomposition is implemented as part of a fully internal template fitting method, minimizing the variance of the resulting map at each scale. Using a χ2 characterization of the noise, we find that the residuals of the cleaned maps are compatible with those expected from the instrumental noise. The maps are also comparable to those obtained from the WMAP team, but in our case we do not make use of external data sets. In addition, at low resolution, our cleaned maps present a lower level of noise. The E-mode power spectrum [fórmula] is computed at high and low resolutions, and a cross-power spectrum [fórmula] is also calculated from the foreground reduced maps of temperature given by WMAP and our cleaned maps of polarization at high resolution. These spectra are consistent with the power spectra supplied by the WMAP team. We detect the E-mode acoustic peak at ℓ∼ 400, as predicted by the standard ΛCDM model. The B-mode power spectrum [fórmula] is compatible with zero.We acknowledge partial financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through projects AYA2010-21766-C03-01 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2010-00064. RFC is grateful for financial support from Spanish CSIC for a JAE-predoc fellowship. PV is grateful for financial support from the Ramón y Cajal program. We are grateful for the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Spanish Supercomputing Network (RES) node at the University of Cantabria.We are grateful for the use of LAMBDA and the assistance provided by Benjamin Gold by e-mail. The HEALPIX package was used throughout the data analysis (G´orski et al. 2005)

A 30 GHz planar array antenna using dipole-coupled-lens

Measurements of the radiation patterns from a planar array of bow-tie slot antennas coupled through an extended hemispherical lens are reported. The design operates over 10% bandwidth centred at 30 GHz with a return loss of 10 dB. A moderate directivity from the integrated lenses of 13 dB with half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 10º is achieved. The reduced size of this design is suitable for the integration with millimetre wave circuits.This work was supported by the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion" through the projects ESP2004-07067-C03-01 and AYA2007-68058-C03-02