Operación óptima combinada de un parque eólico y una central de bombeo

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar si la actuación combinada de una central de bombeo para compensar los desvíos de un parque eólico resulta beneficiosa para ambos. Para comprobarlo, con datos reales de instalaciones, se formula un problema de optimización en GAMS para maximizar los beneficios del bombeo, ya que la actuación de la eólica es la misma. Primero, se formula para conocer los beneficios en su actuación por separado, y después se formula imponiendo una serie de restricciones para compensar los desvíos que tienen lugar en la instalación eólica. De la diferencia de ambas actuaciones se obtiene el resultado. El resultado obtenido es que la actuación combinada a lo largo de un año es mejor que la actuación por separado

A functional data analysis for assessing the impact of a retrofitting in the energy performance of a building

There is an increasing interest in reducing the energy consumption in buildings and in improving their energy efficiency. Building retrofitting is the employed solution for enhancing the energy efficiency in existing buildings. However, the actual performance after retrofitting should be analysed to check the effectiveness of the energy conservation measures. The aim of this work was to detect and to quantify the impact that a retrofitting had in the electrical consumption, heating demands, lighting and temperatures of a building located in the north of Spain. The methodology employed is the application of Functional Data Analyses (FDA) in comparison with classic mathematical techniques such as the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The methods that are commonly used for assessing building refurbishment are based on vectorial approaches. The novelty of this work is the application of FDA for assessing the energy performance of renovated buildings. The study proves that more accurate and realistic results are obtained working with correlated datasets than with independently distributed observations of classical methods. Moreover, the electrical savings reached values of more than 70% and the heating demands were reduced more than 15% for all floors in the building.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-096296-B-C2

Thermal evaluation of 6 wells of the central part of the eastern cordillera (Colombia), from paleogeotherms: implications on thermal history and hydrocarbons

(Spa) Las paleotemperaturas de seis pozos se calcularon a partir de la reflectancia del maceral vitrinita. La paleogeoterma (paleotemperatura vs. profundidad) de cada pozo se comparó con el gradiente geotérmico actual de cada zona. La interpretación se basó en los casos hipotéticos de estimación de gradiente geotérmico y en perfiles térmicos asociados con el flujo de fluidos en sistemas activos de energía geotérmica. En algunos pozos, la paleogeoterma parece indicar que el enterramiento es el factor que causó el cambio del rango de la materia orgánica; en otros pozos, un gradiente de la paleogeoterma mayor a lo normal podría indicar influencia a partir del incremento del flujo basal de calor; en la mayoría de los pozos, la irregularidad de la paleogeoterma se puede explicar a partir de procesos hidrotermales asociados posiblemente con intrusiones y/o paleo flujo regional. El análisis de la paleotemperatura confirma la presencia de anomalías en el rango de la materia orgánica en la parte central de la Cuenca Cordillera Oriental, como resultado probablemente de flujos regionales asociados a efectos topográficos y fenómenos geológicos como, fallas, fluidos hidrotermales, enterramiento y orogenia que aumentaron la madurez de la materia orgánica en las rocas y posiblemente afectaron y transportaron los hidrocarburos.(Eng) The paleotemperatures in six wells were calculated from the reflectance of the maceral vitrinite. The paleogeotherm (paleotemperature vs. depth) for each well was compared with the present geothermal gradient. The interpretation of these comparisons was based on hypothetical cases of estimation of geothermal gradient and thermal profiles associated with the flow of fluids in active geothermal systems. As a result, in some wells, the paleogeotherm seems to indicate that burial was the key factor in changing rank of the organic matter; in other wells, a higher than normal gradient could indicate heat flow at the base of the basin; in most wells, an irregular paleogeotherm could be explained through hydrothermal process associated to intrusions and paleo regional flow. The paleotemperature analyses of the wells confirm the rank anomalies of the organic matter in the central part of the Eastern Cordillera Basin, possible related to regional flow as a result of geological phenomenon such as faults, hydrothermal fluids, burial and orogeny that acted in the past and increased the maturity of the organic matter in the rocks and possibly affected and transported the hydrocarbons

A Functional Data Analysis for Assessing the Impact of a Retrofitting in the Energy Performance of a Building

There is an increasing interest in reducing the energy consumption in buildings and in improving their energy efficiency. Building retrofitting is the employed solution for enhancing the energy efficiency in existing buildings. However, the actual performance after retrofitting should be analysed to check the effectiveness of the energy conservation measures. The aim of this work was to detect and to quantify the impact that a retrofitting had in the electrical consumption, heating demands, lighting and temperatures of a building located in the north of Spain. The methodology employed is the application of Functional Data Analyses (FDA) in comparison with classic mathematical techniques such as the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The methods that are commonly used for assessing building refurbishment are based on vectorial approaches. The novelty of this work is the application of FDA for assessing the energy performance of renovated buildings. The study proves that more accurate and realistic results are obtained working with correlated datasets than with independently distributed observations of classical methods. Moreover, the electrical savings reached values of more than 70% and the heating demands were reduced more than 15% for all floors in the building.This paper was funded by the Spanish Government (Science, Innovation and Universities Ministry) under the project RTI2018-096296-B-C21

"Analisis Socio Tecnico del Bicitaxismo en la Localidad de Kennedy, Bogota. Caso Estudio: UPZ 82 (Patio Bonito) y UPZ 83 (Las Margaritas)"

Desde finales de la década del noventa, el bicitaxismo se instauró como un nuevo actor del paisaje urbano y como una alternativa de transporte sostenible para Bogotá. Operando desde la informalidad, este sistema ha suplido las necesidades de transporte de cierto grupo de ciudadanos principalmente en zonas residenciales de diversos sectores de la ciudad, generadas por la ausencia o ineficiencia del sistema de transporte público. Los estudios realizados hasta el momento sobre el bicitaxismo no han permitido comprender, al menos desde el punto de vista de la movilidad, la complejidad de este sistema y sus potencialidades de cara a su inclusión en el Sistema Integrado de Transporte Público. En este orden de ideas, el presente artículo muestra los resultados de afectación a la movilidad en vías secundarias, construidos a partir del estudio de las variables macroscópicas del tránsito, así como una caracterización del origen y el destino de los viajes generados en las Unidades de Planeación Zonal (UPZ) de Patio Bonito y Las Margaritas, en la localidad de Kennedy, Bogotá

Screening of contaminants of emerging concern in surface water and wastewater effluents, assisted by the Persistency-Mobility-Toxicity Criteria

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are compounds of diverse origins that have not been deeply studied in the past which are now accruing growing environmental interest. The NOR-Water project aimed to identify the main CECs and their sources in the water environment of Northern Portugal–Galicia (located in northwest Spain) transnational region. To achieve these goals, a suspect screening analytical methodology based on the use of liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was applied to 29 sampling sites in two campaigns. These sampling sites included river and sea water, as well as treated wastewater. The screening was driven by a library of over 3500 compounds, which included 604 compounds prioritized from different relevant lists on the basis of the persistency, mobility, and toxicity criteria. Thus, a total of 343 chemicals could be tentatively identified in the analyzed samples. This list of 343 identified chemicals was submitted to the classification workflow used for prioritization and resulted in 153 chemicals tentatively classified as persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) and 23 as very persistent and very mobile (vMvP), pinpointing the relevance of these types of chemicals in the aqueous environment. Pharmaceuticals, such as the antidepressant venlafaxine or the antipsychotic sulpiride, and industrial chemicals, especially high production volume chemicals (HPVC) such as ε-caprolactam, were the groups of compounds that were detected at the highest frequencies.This research was funded by Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2021/06) and the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg V-A Spain-Portugal Programme (POCTEP) 2014-2020 (ref. 0725_NOR_WATER_1_P). R. M. acknowledges Banco Santander and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela for her outstanding researcher contract and N. A. acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for his Ph.D. grant DFA/BD/6218/2020.S

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento de Boyacá

El presente trabajo expone el resultado obtenido en el desarrollo del diplomado el cual tuvo como propósito comprender la praxis psicosocial soportada a través de acciones y estrategias de afrontamiento tales como la narrativa y la foto voz, siendo estas herramientas metodológicas que permiten identificar las variables psicosociales en escenarios de violencia mediante el establecimiento de la relación vincular entre memoria, subjetividad y violencia, a través del ejercicio de análisis de dos casos, considerando la importancia del enfoque narrativo el cual ha contribuido con aportes significativos en el abordaje psicosocial de violencia sistemática; en el caso de Colombia se reconocen sus aportes en realidades sociopolíticas, puesto que este comprende las situaciones en diferentes contextos, la participación y empoderamiento de las comunidades, así mismo otra de las herramientas implementadas es la foto voz, que permite expresar mediante imágenes las subjetividades de quienes habitan en cada uno de estos contextos, reconociendo de forma simbólica el poder de la fotografía, posibilitando una observación y análisis de un entorno expresado en una realidad vivida de esta manera se concluye que la violencia ha estado presente durante varias décadas en Colombia dejando un sin número de víctimas ocasionando pérdidas materiales, culturales, sociales, una desintegración familiar y estigmatización social.The present work exposes the result obtained in the development of the diploma which had the purpose of understanding the psychosocial praxis supported through actions and coping strategies such as narrative and photo voice, being these methodological tools that allow the identification of psychosocial variables in scenarios of violence through the establishment of the link relationship between memory, subjectivity and violence, through the exercise of analysis of two cases, considering the importance of the narrative approach which has contributed with significant contributions in the psychosocial approach of systematic violence; In the case of Colombia, its contributions to sociopolitical realities are recognized, since it includes situations in different contexts, the participation and empowerment of communities, likewise another of the tools implemented is the photovoice, which allows subjectivities to be expressed through images. of those who inhabit each of these contexts, symbolically recognizing the power of photography, enabling an observation and analysis of an environment expressed in a reality lived in this way, it is concluded that violence has been present for several decades in Colombia, leaving countless victims causing material, cultural, and social losses, family disintegration, and social stigmatization

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas

The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes

Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics