Hacia un estándar objetivo del fumus comissi delicti en la prisión preventiva

La presente investigación platea, para afirmar que se está ante un estándar del fumus comissi delicti, se requiere un determinado grado de probabilidad, uno de alta probabilidad del injusto penal de intervención delictual y del injusto penal delictual, pero entendiendo por probabilidad, no a la mayor existencia de elementos positivos que los negativos, sino como el grado de corroboración a partir de los elementos existentes y de soporte de una hipótesis(concebida desde la perspectiva de la probabilidad inductiva). Para ello se deberá concatenar criterios objetivos, como los siguientes: 1) La correcta formulación de hipótesis de atribución de un factum delictivo de un hecho jurídico-penalmente relevante, 2) La verificación si la hipótesis está suficientemente justificada, 3) La elección de la hipótesis que mejor justifique la intervención delictual o autoría (no la certeza). Acotando, los criterios del “ser” no son exclusivos en la determinación de la prueba y su valoración, sino que es necesario la concatenación con los criterios del “deber ser”, dado que las instituciones jurídico penales se construyen a partir de este último, por lo que es necesario conocer las categorías de imputación y la dogmática

Analysis and comparison of competitive balance in the Spanish ACB basketball league : a preliminary study

Regardless its relevance in sports economics, competitive balance has not been studied neither in Spanish nor in European professional basketball. In this preliminary study we measured the competitive balance in the Spanish ACB League from seasons 1983/1984 to 2003/2004 using the well-known winning percentage standard deviation index. Results showed great difference between seasons and a general low competitive balance index. In addition, tournament designing did not seem to affect the competitive balance in ACB

Algorithmic Trading Systems Based on Google Trends

[EN] In this paper we analyze five big data algorithmic trading systems based on artificial intelligence models that uses as predictors stats from Google Trends of dozens of financial terms. The systems were trained using monthly data from 2004 to 2017 and have been tested in a prospective way from January 2017 to February 2018. The performance of this systems shows that Google Trends is a good metric for global Investors’ Mood. Systems for Ibex and Eurostoxx are not profitable but Dow Jones, S&P 500 and Nasdaq systems has been profitable using long and short positions during the period studied. This evidence opens a new field for the investigation of trading systems based on big data instead of Chartism.Gómez Martínez, R.; Prado Román, C.; De La Orden De La Cruz, MDC. (2018). Algorithmic Trading Systems Based on Google Trends. En 2nd International Conference on Advanced Reserach Methods and Analytics (CARMA 2018). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 11-18. https://doi.org/10.4995/CARMA2018.2018.8295OCS111

SOCIAL DAMAGE AND THE NEED FOR THE FIGURE OF THE SOCIAL ACTOR

The acts of corruption of public officials in Peru generate damages to supra-individual interests, because the right to "social welfare" of the citizens is violated (art. 44 of the Constitution) which the State guarantees, and therefore the obligation to compensate arises (art. 35 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption), and to determine who would intervene as a legitimate subject would be the anti-corruption public prosecutor, in such a way that the violated interest that only has a diffuse existence and not in the individuality of the persons is guaranteed

Tanzawaic acids, a chemically novel set of bacterial conjugation inhibitors

Bacterial conjugation is the main mechanism for the dissemination of multiple antibiotic resistance in human pathogens. This dissemination could be controlled by molecules that interfere with the conjugation process. A search for conjugation inhibitors among a collection of 1,632 natural compounds, identified tanzawaic acids A and B as best hits. They specially inhibited IncW and IncFII conjugative systems, including plasmids mobilized by them. Plasmids belonging to IncFI, IncI, IncL/M, IncX and IncH incompatibility groups were targeted to a lesser extent, whereas IncN and IncP plasmids were unaffected. Tanzawaic acids showed reduced toxicity in bacterial, fungal or human cells, when compared to synthetic conjugation inhibitors, opening the possibility of their deployment in complex environments, including natural settings relevant for antibiotic resistance dissemination.Work in the FDLC group was supported by grants BFU2014-55534-C2-1-P from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (http://www.mineco.gob.es) and 612146/FP7-ICT-2013-10 and 282004/FP7-HEALTH-2011-2.3.1-2 from the European Seventh Framework Programme (https://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7). MG was supported by a PhD fellowship from the University of Cantabria (http://www.unican.es). JCG was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship ASTF 402-2010 from the European Molecular Biology Organization (http://www.embo.org). Biomar Microbial Technologies was supported by grant 282004/FP7-HEALTH-2011-2.3.1-2 from the European Seventh Framework Programme (https://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7).USD 1,495 APC fee funded by the EC FP7 Post-Grant Open Access PilotPeer reviewe

COPLA, a taxonomic classifier of plasmids

Background: Plasmids are mobile genetic elements, key in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance, virulence determinants and other adaptive traits in bacteria. Obtaining a robust method for plasmid classification is necessary to better understand the genetics and epidemiology of many pathogens. Until now, plasmid classification systems focused on specific traits, which limited their precision and universality. The definition of plasmid taxonomic units (PTUs), based on average nucleotide identity metrics, allows the generation of a universal plasmid classification scheme, applicable to all bacterial taxa. Here we present COPLA, a software able to assign plasmids to known and novel PTUs, based on their genomic sequence. Results: We implemented an automated pipeline able to assign a given plasmid DNA sequence to its cognate PTU, and assessed its performance using a sample of 1000 unclassified plasmids. Overall, 41% of the samples could be assigned to a previously defined PTU, a number that reached 63% in well-known taxa such as the Enterobacterales order. The remaining plasmids represent novel PTUs, indicating that a large fraction of plasmid backbones is still uncharacterized. Conclusions: COPLA is a bioinformatic tool for universal, species-independent, plasmid classification. Offered both as an automatable pipeline and an open web service, COPLA will help bacterial geneticists and clinical microbiologists to quickly classify plasmids.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [PID2020-117923GB-I00 to FdlC]; the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness [DI-17-09164 to SR-S]; and USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2019-06679 to FdlC]. The funders had no role in the design of the study, nor in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, nor in writing the manuscript included in this submission

In vivo antitumor activity of Euphorbia lathyris ethanol extract in colon cancer models

Euphorbia lathyris seeds have been used to treat various medical conditions. We previously reported that ethanolic extract from the defatted seed of Euphorbia lathyris (EE) (variety S3201) possesses a potent in vitro antitumor activity against colon cancer (CRC) cell lines. However, the effects of EE on CRC in vivo models and its possible preventive activity have not been elucidated. The aim of this study is to develop an in vivo study to corroborate its efficacy. For this purpose, two tumor induction models have been developed. In orthotopic xenograft model, it has been shown that EE reduces tumor size without hematological toxicity. The ethanolic extract induced an intense apoptosis in tumors mediated by caspase 3. Using the Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium model, a reduction of dysplastic polyps has been demonstrated, showing its preventive power. Furthermore, EE promoted the presence of an eubiotic microbiotal environment in the mucosa of the colon and induced an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity. This fact was accompanied by a modulation of cytokine expression that could be related to its protective mechanism. Therefore, although further experiments will be necessary to determine its applicability in the treatment of CRC, ES could be a new prevention strategy as well as treatment for this type of tumor, being a powerful candidate for future clinical trials.Spanish Government RTC-2017-6540-1 RTC2019-006870-1Junta de Andalucia P18-TP-1420European Commission AGR145 CTS-107Andalusian Governmen

Antitumor Effect of the Ethanolic Extract from Seeds of Euphorbia lathyris in Colorectal Cancer

The seeds of Euphorbia lathyris have been used in traditional medicine to treat various medical conditions. However, neither all of their active biocompounds nor the molecular mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects have been described. A new ethanolic extract of defatted flour from mature seeds of Euphorbia lathyris showed a high total polyphenol content and significant antioxidant activity. Chromatographic analysis showed that esculetin, euphorbetin, gaultherin, and kaempferol-3-rutinoside were the most abundant polyphenolic bioactive compounds. Antiproliferative assays showed a high and selective antitumor activity against colon cancer cell lines (T84 and HCT-15). In addition, a significant antiproliferative activity against glioblastoma multiforme cells was also demonstrated. Its mechanism of action to induce cell death was mediated by the overexpression of caspases 9, 3, and 8, and by activation of autophagy. Interestingly, a reduction in the migration capacity of colon cancer cells and a significant antiangiogenic effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells were also demonstrated. Finally, the extract significantly reduced the subpopulations of cancer stem cells. This extract could be the basis to develop new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of colon cancer, although further experiments will be necessary to determine its in vivo effects.Granada University (project PSE/17/002), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (project RTC-2017-6540-1) and by the CTS-107 and AGR145 Groups

Algoritmo de organización de la gestión del conocimiento para la innovación. Caso municipios de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

Se diseñó un algoritmo de organización de la gestión del conocimiento para la innovación en un municipio. El aporte fundamental radica en la secuencia metodológica de pasos que deben seguirse, donde la sistematización, tanto del conocimiento, como de la innovación, permite cubrir las brechas cognoscitivas en correspondencia con las ne-cesidades locales, hasta cubrir las brechas estratégicas del desarrollo. El método principal utilizado en el estudio es la investigación-acción. La creación del algoritmo de gestión del conocimiento favoreció la articulación entre la universidad, la innovación y el desarrollo local. Además, las bases de datos e información y la participación organizada de los actores locales crecieron de forma sostenida en los municipios

Solvent Effects on Dye Sensitizers Derived from Anthocyanidins for Applications in Photocatalysis

Anthocyanidins under the effects of solvents water, ethanol, n-hexane, and methanol are interesting due to their suitability as natural dyes for photocatalytic applications. In this chapter, DFT and TDDFT methodologies are used to study their electronic structure. The results displayed include HOMO, LUMO, HOMO-LUMO gap, chemical properties, and reorganization energies for the ground states, and excited state data are also displayed. Malvidin in gas phase has lower gap energy. After addition of solvents, gap energy increases in all cases but malvidin with n-hexane presents narrower gap. Conceptual DFT results show that cyanidin and malvidin may have good charge transfer. Cyanidin presented lower electron reorganization energy (λe) using solvent water; however, ethanol and methanol had similar values. TDDFT is used to calculate excited states, and absorption data show wavelength main peak between 479.1 and 536.4 nm. UV-Vis absorption spectra were generated and solvent effects on each molecule is discussed. Anthocyanidins work well in the visible region with the stronger peak at the green region. These pigments are good options for photocatalysis application and cyanidin and malvidin, in this order, may be the best choices for dye sensitization applications